China has a long history of cosmetic surgery. Wei Yongzhi was born in the Jin Shu period (265-4 19), with a defect of rabbit lip, and was later "trimmed".
Nowadays, cosmetic surgery is no longer word-of-mouth news. There is a famous plastic surgery street in Seoul, South Korea, with hundreds of plastic surgery clinics. According to statistics, in the past 10 years, there were no fewer than 200,000 people undergoing cosmetic surgery in China.
Maybe everyone thinks that plastic surgery is a new thing developed in recent years, but it is not. Plastic surgery has a very long history. As early as ancient times, plastic surgery took shape, but it was not well developed due to the limitations of historical environment and drug conditions.
Jiujiu silhouette
Plastic surgery in ancient civilization
China people used to think that "parents are too bitter to hurt themselves". Therefore, China people at all times and all over the world have never asked for plastic surgery. Although Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the Three Kingdoms period, had high surgical skills, he also performed surgery to promote wound healing, eliminate suppurative infection and treat visceral diseases.
According to historical records, the ancient Egyptians did not undergo plastic surgery through living tissue transplantation, but the most primitive "beauty" of tattooing, which shows the noble status of men, and the "beauty" of piercing ears with earrings have always existed.
In ancient India, there was a custom of cutting the nose. A husband can cut off the nose of his wife who he thinks is unfaithful; The winner of the war can cut off the nose of his prisoner of war; The government can punish criminals by cutting their noses. Because the nose is the most prominent position on the face, and the deformity is very obvious, most people who lack the nose are eager to get a new nose. In order to meet this demand, the bricklayer at the lowest level of Indian society gradually introduced the forehead median flap rhinoplasty.
Two hundred years after the birth of Jesus, the famous Roman physician Sulusha and the Greek medical master Galen did not record reconstruction plastic surgery and cosmetic plastic surgery in their classic works. They only mentioned the treatment of trauma. After the 3rd century A.D., wars broke out in Europe, and many cultures were destroyed, which was called the "dark age" and lasted until14th century. The following 15 and 16 centuries were called the Renaissance.
During the Renaissance, there was a famous anatomist and professor of surgery in Barahona University. His skill is superb, and he can reconstruct a new nose for patients with nasal defect with single pedicle flap of upper arm, and this technology has been written into his surgical monograph in detail, so western medicine calls him "the father of plastic surgery".
A woman who changed her fate by plastic surgery.
The first cosmetic queen in ancient times
The success of plastic surgery can really change a person's appearance and even change everything about a person. Wang became the concubine of Nanliang, and was made a queen because she became beautiful after plastic surgery. Her life occupies an important position in the plastic surgery history of Queen China. This beautiful queen in history is a woman whose fate was changed by plastic surgery in ancient China, and she is also the first successful model of plastic surgery.
There were artificial dimples in the Tang Dynasty.
Dimples, also known as dimples or dimples, can appear in many places on the face, mostly on the cheeks, followed by the corners of the mouth.
In the poems of ancient China poets, dimples are often regarded as a symbol of women's beauty. Buccal fossa is regarded as an ornament of beauty by oriental women and a symbol of female charm by westerners. Nowadays, with the development of plastic surgery industry, artificial dimples can be confused with the real ones. However, did you know that there were artificial dimples in the Tang Dynasty?
There is a saying in Tang poetry that "casts a shadow"; Four beauties in ancient China questioned that Yang Yuhuan had a charming beauty. The book says that she stared at her white teeth and smiled like a flower; Xu Ling's "A New Preface to Yutai" also has a eulogy that "rouge is in the north, two twists away". The so-called "batter" is to use some kind of cosmetics to add two rouge to the corners of the mouth, which means "make up on both cheeks", just like dimples. However, the definition of "bad luck" in TCM books is similar to that of "acne marks", and there are many records of "treating bad luck" in medical books such as Puji Fang and Yi Jian Fang for Health Preservation. Of course, no matter how the word "Shu" is interpreted, it shows that it has been adopted as a plastic surgery technique, at least in the Tang Dynasty.
Cleft lip repair attracted Ryukyu doctors.
In 2000, he recorded Rabbit is Short. Later, Yin Zhong, the secretariat of Jingzhou, had a doctor who specialized in repairing rabbit lips. After each operation, patients are told that they can only eat porridge for the time being, and they should pay attention to talking less. In the Tang Dynasty, there was also an expert named Fang Gan who repaired rabbit lips. Because the cleft lip is well repaired, everyone calls him the lip repair teacher.
Plastic surgery has made great progress in Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are records of cleft lip repair in Biography of Wei Yong, a book of Jin Dynasty in Ming Dynasty, and medical books with standardized medical selection in Qing Dynasty. Gu Shicheng recorded in the Annual Selection of Medical University in the Qing Dynasty: "To repair the missing lip, first apply anesthetic to the missing lip, and then pierce the missing lip skin with a sharp knife, that is, thread the silk thread with an embroidery needle to fix the skin on both sides, and then apply nourishing blood medicine. Don't cry or laugh for three or five days, for fear of catching a cold. You should only eat porridge every day, and your muscles are full. If you remove the silk thread, your lips will become one. " From this rabbit lip repair, we can see the level of cosmetic plastic surgery technology in China at that time. In the twenty-seventh year of Kangxi, Ryukyu sent Dr. Wei Shizhe to Fuzhou, China, to learn cleft lip repair from Fuzhou famous doctor Jin Fa.