1. When will the plum tree be pruned?
Pruning of plum trees can be carried out all year round, and unreasonable places in the orchard can be pruned at any time.
1, spring pruning: spring pruning is mainly based on wiping buds, and the buds that are not in place are erased.
2, summer pruning: summer pruning needs three to five times. When pruning, you must first know what you want to prune, because the first pruning is in early summer, that is, when spring is about to pass. The first pruning is the buds with poor growth, the weak buds in the double buds, and the ineffective branches, like these are redundant branches, which can bring a lot of nutrition to other branches after pruning. Secondly,
3, autumn pruning: autumn is mainly to correct the branches that are not in place. (Correction is the first pull technique)
4, winter pruning: winter pruning is only a supplement to the previous pruning, there is no other purpose, just to maintain the balance of branch growth, so that the overall balance of plum trees.
Pruning of plum trees
2. Pruning principle of plum trees.
Pruning principle of plum trees is in line with the principle of "four sparse and four dense", that is, "sparse on the top and dense on the bottom, dense on the outside, dense on the south and dense on the north, and dense on the big branches and small branches". Pruning of plum trees is mainly in summer, supplemented by pruning in winter. At the same time, there are four pruning methods: thinning, short cutting, slow release and retraction (thinning and retraction are the main pruning methods at present). The purpose of pruning plum trees is clear, one is to enlarge the crown and increase the number of lateral branches, and the other is to increase the number of fruits. What pruning method you need to choose depends on the specific situation of planting fruit trees.
The result of pruning plum trees is not in place, so we use the standard of three ones to measure it. What's three ones? In other words, a leaf can see the direct light of the sun for a period of time in a day.
Plum tree winter scissors
Thirdly, pruning methods of plum trees in different periods.
1, pruning in young tree stage
Young plum trees are much longer, and the method of combining winter and summer pruning is better. Give priority to light cutting, slow release and angle opening, leave more large auxiliary branches, fill the space as soon as possible, relieve the tree potential and improve the early yield. The opening angle of the main branch should be adjusted to 65 ~ 80 by means of bracing and pulling, and combined with light cutting of external buds to make it grow and bend. Auxiliary branches mainly use the flat and oblique average branches on both sides of the main branch, or use the upper oblique branches on both sides of some main branches by hanging branches.
2. Pruning at the first fruit stage of plum trees
The tree shape of early plum fruit has basically formed. The main tasks of pruning in this period are to continue to expand the crown, rationally adjust the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, prevent the internal branches from dying, and renew strong branches. Pruning methods should be combined with winter pruning and summer pruning, but summer pruning is still the main method.
High yield plum tree
3. Pruning of plum trees in full fruit stage
Pruning in full fruit stage of plum is mainly to adjust the relationship between growth and fruiting, balance the tree potential, prevent the occurrence of big and small years, prolong the life of full fruit stage, and realize high yield, stable yield and high quality.
4. Pruning during the aging of plum blossoms.
The main task of pruning in the senescence period of plum trees is to renew the backbone branches and branches, restore and enhance the tree vigor and prolong the economic life.