1. fertilizer and water management 1. Foliar spraying: spraying 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time as soon as possible after the fruit is harvested, so as to improve the nutrient accumulation of the tree, promote the assimilation of leaves and the enrichment of branches, and enhance the vitality of the tree for wintering.

2. Application of base fertilizer: base fertilizer was applied at the beginning of 5438+ 10. In the first fruit period, 20-30 kilograms of decomposed farmyard manure is applied to each plant; At the full fruit stage, 30-50 kg is applied to each plant, and at the same time, 0.5- 1.0 kg of urea and 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 15: 12: 15) are applied. The method of radial furrow application is adopted. Starting from the position of tree disk 1/2, the outer end of the tree disk is flush with the outer edge of the crown, and 7-9 radial ditches are dug, with a depth of 30-40 cm and a width of about 40 cm. Sprinkle the mixed fertilizer into the furrow and cover it with a layer of soil.

3. Irrigation: After the fruits are picked, 1 water should be irrigated in time, and the irrigation amount depends on the soil moisture, so that the soil moisture is most beneficial to the growth and development of plum trees. During irrigation, a ditch with a depth of 20-25 cm should be opened between the rows of the pear orchard, and the direction of the ditch should be perpendicular to the waterway. After irrigation, ditches should be filled in time.

Second, soil tillage is generally carried out at the beginning of 10 combined with base fertilizer application in autumn. The depth of ploughing is 20-40 cm, and the wound is easy to heal, which is beneficial to absorb and synthesize nutrients, increase the accumulation of trees, and benefit the growth and development of the next year.

3. Prune and cut fruit, and then combine with clearing the tree to pick the heart and thin the branches. Attention should be paid to the selection and retention of strong branches with appropriate positions, thinning out slender branches, pests and diseases branches, dense branches, drooping branches and branches with excessively dense cavities, and coring the branches to be retained.

4. In autumn, 50% carbendazim 800- 1000 times, thiophanate-methyl 800- 1000 times, 80% mancozeb 800- 1000 times, or 50% bactericide 800 times can be sprayed for tree pest control; 40% dicofol EC 1500-2000 times solution can be used to control hawthorn spider mites. 2.5% dichlorvos can be used to control fruit borers, or 800 times of 50% phoxim and 800 times of 40% omethoate, or 3000 times of 20% pyrethroid.