This website named Du Binquan has a detailed introduction.

Du Bin, also known as Du Bowen, generally takes American and German routes according to different standards. If it is not pure, the price is hard to say, and it is possible to have no money. If it's pure, it's at least 3 thousand. If it's of good blood, just one word. Personally, I think Du Bin is very handsome, with smooth curves and smart temperament. He is a great dog. But some people call them "one-man dogs". As the name suggests, they are loyal to their owners.

Hey, hey, do you want a man or a woman? Male 1000 yuan, female 2000 yuan.

The appearance is medium and the fuselage is square. Compact body structure, muscular and powerful, with great endurance and speed. Elegant appearance and confident posture show its noble temperament. He is lively, alert, firm, alert, brave, loyal and obedient.

[body type]

The male dog's shoulder height is about 26~28 inches, and the ideal shoulder height is 27.5 inches. The bitch's shoulder height is about 24~26 inches, and the ideal shoulder height is 25.5 inches. Shoulder height (vertical distance from the highest point of withers to the ground) is equal to body length (horizontal distance from chest to thigh). The length of the head, neck and legs is proportional to the height and depth of the body.

[head]

Long and compact. Seen from the front or side, it has a blunt wedge shape. Seen from the front, the outline of the head from the mouth to the root of the ear is two complete straight lines that gradually widen. Eyes are apricot, moderately sunken, and eyes are lively and energetic. The eyes are single in color, and the eyes of black dogs are medium to very dark brown. Dogs of other colors, such as red, blue and camel, have the same eye color as the markings on their bodies, but the darker the eyes, the better. Ears are usually neatly trimmed and upright. When the ear is upright, the upper part of the ear is located on the top of the head.

The top of the head is flat, the head is connected with the muzzle through a slight stop, and the contour of the muzzle is parallel to that of the head. Cheeks are flat and muscular. The nose of a black dog is pure black; The red dog has a dark brown nose mirror; The blue dog has a dark gray nose; Camel dogs have dark brown noses. The lips are close to the upper and lower jaws, full and powerful, and located under the eyes.

The teeth are white and firm, with scissors bite. There are 42 teeth, 22 in mandible and 20 in maxilla. Unqualified: Maxillary protrusion exceeds 3/ 16 inch; Mandibular protrusion exceeds 1/8 inch; Missing 4 or more teeth.

[neck, topline, body]

The neck is proud, muscular and compact. The neck is slightly arched, gradually widened and combined with the body. The length of the neck is proportional to the length of the body and head. The withers are obviously the highest point of the body. The back is short and strong, with enough width. The waist is muscular. From the withers to the slightly rounded hips, it is in a straight line.

The chest is wide and the front chest is raised appropriately. The ribs extend upward from the spine and gradually flatten to the elbows. Chest as deep as elbow. The abdomen is moderately folded and extends from the chest to form a curve. Broad waist and muscular. The hips are wide and proportional to the body. The width of the hips is approximately equal to the width of the chest and shoulders.

The tail is cut off at about the second coccyx, which is an extension of the spine. Only when you are alert, your tail will rise above the horizontal line.

[precursor]

The scapula inclines forward and downward, making an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane and 90 degrees with the forearm. The length of scapula is equal to the length of upper arm, and the length from elbow to withers is equal to the length from ground to elbow. The forelimbs are completely straight, parallel and powerful from elbow to ankle, with sufficient bone mass from front and side. Whether standing or walking, elbows are close to the chest. Strong ankles, perpendicular to the ground. Wolf claws can be removed. The claws are arched and compact, similar to those of cats, that is, they do not turn inward or outward.

[Hip]

The angle between the hindquarters and the forequarters is balanced, and the hip bone and the spine form a 30-degree angle (backward and downward), which makes the hips look slightly round and outward. The angle between the thigh bone and the hip bone is appropriate. The thighs are long and wide and muscular; The length of femur is approximately equal to the length of tibia. When the dog is quiet, the hock joint is perpendicular to the ground until the heel is perpendicular to the ground. From the back, the legs are straight and parallel to each other. There is a proper distance between the legs, which can support the body stably. If there is a wolf's paw, pull it out. Paws are cat's feet like forelimbs. That is, neither inward nor outward.

[coat]

Hair is smooth, short, hard and thick, close to the body. The neck is allowed to have invisible gray undercoat.

[colors and stripes]

Recognized colors: black, red, blue, camel (Isabella). Spots: Rusty spots with clear boundaries. It is distributed over the eyes, nose and mouth, throat, chest, legs, feet and the tail of limbs. If there are white stripes on the chest, the area should not exceed 1/2 square inches. Disqualification: Dog color is not recognized.

[gait]

Relaxed, harmonious and energetic, with good forequarters and strong hindquarters; When trotting, the hindquarters are strong. Each hind leg and front leg move in the same plane, neither varus nor valgus. The back is firm and stable. When running fast, a dog with perfect body structure will move along a single track.

[temperament]

Lively, alert, firm, alert, brave, loyal and obedient. In the competition, the referee will disqualify Du Binquan who is timid or bad.

Timidity: Dogs will be judged as timid in the following aspects, such as refusing to stand for inspection and avoiding the referee; For example, I am afraid of others approaching from behind, for example, I am obviously afraid of sudden and abnormal sounds.

Bad: It is considered bad to attack or attempt to attack any referee or trainer, and it is not considered bad to be aggressive or aggressive to other dogs.

[defect]

The above description is an ideal Du Binquan. Anything that does not conform to the above description is a defect, and points will be deducted according to the degree of deviation.

[disqualification]

Maxillary protrusion exceeds 3/ 16 inches; Mandibular protrusion exceeds 1/8 inch; Missing 4 or more teeth. Dogs have unrecognized colors.

[Edit this paragraph] Du Binquan's ear care.

Apart from the ear problem, Du Binquan's care is very simple. As we all know, Du Binquan asked to have his ears cut. The appearance and temperament of this Du Binquan are determined by the quality of his ears. If it happens to be a racing dog, then the ear determines whether it can create brilliance on the field and whether it can complete the championship login.

The best time for Du Bin to have ear surgery is two months, and the puppy weighs more than 6 kg. If you are too old or too early, surgery is risky. In addition, dogs with too weak constitution may be in fatal danger of surgery, and may not even pass anesthesia.

First of all, you need to find someone who is good at ear cutting for your Du Binquan. He can be a breeder or a veterinarian in Dubinquan, and then give him your dog to do.

The most important link in the ear-pricking operation is the stage of knotting and pricking after operation. If this process is not handled well, it will all be in vain.

[Edit this paragraph] Prevention of Du Bin's Common Diseases

Congenital genetic diseases can be fatal, so careful breeding ensures quality.

In 1980s, Du Binquan was in its heyday, ranking second in the number of dog breeds in the United States for several years, and it is still one of the most active and popular dog breeds. During Du Binquan's 20-30 years' large-scale breeding, many hereditary diseases have been found continuously. After years of strict breeding screening, the incidence of these unfortunate diseases has been greatly reduced. However, in order to ensure the improvement of breeding quality, it is still necessary for farmers to understand the common diseases in Du Binquan. The genetic diseases in Du Binquan are obviously higher than those in other dog breeds. It has been proved that some common diseases in Du Binquan often occur in Du Binquan varieties, but some diseases only occur in inbreeding Doberman families. These common diseases will be introduced separately below. In addition to these diseases, Du Binquan will definitely suffer from the possibility of ordinary dogs; Remind the owners of their own diseases to do a comprehensive regular inspection and prevention, establish the concept that prevention saves money and trouble than treatment, and be a serious, responsible and caring owner.

Hereditary hip joint disease

Many Du Binquan's natural constitutions are prone to diseases, and they often have hereditary deformities, such as hip dysplasia. This disease is common in many breeds of dogs and belongs to congenital genetic disease. Even if Du Binquan is a frequent visitor to hip joint disease, it is generally believed that this disease is caused by the epidemic and excessive reproduction of this breed of dog. But the so-called susceptibility to this disease does not mean that he will definitely get sick, as long as every owner can determine whether the hip joints of his parents' dogs and grandparents' dogs are normal when buying puppies. You can avoid genetic misfortune. Dogs with hip joint disease are normal at birth, and the disease usually occurs 24 months ago. Because of the developmental disorder of hip joint, it will cause pain, become arthritis, hinder the performance of working dogs, have a bad influence on the pace of the court, and even become an unhappy and inactive pet dog.

Now it is known that Du Binquan has several acquired factors that are easy to cause hip joint diseases, including its body shape, structure, growth mode, calorie intake, electrolyte balance in dog food and so on. If you want to reduce the probability of puppies suffering from this disease, I suggest that you start with controlling the growing environment of puppies, choose dog food with moderate protein content, avoid eating foods with high nutritional units and high calories, eat as few meals as possible, and avoid taking in extra nutrients. In particular, it contains calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D. In addition, it is better to control the puppy's movement mode with a leash than to let it run and jump freely, because unlimited exercise may hurt the developing joints.

According to the latest report of American Animal Plastic Foundation 1995, the proportion of X-ray films of Du Bin's total hip joint lesions has been below 7%, which is 60% lower than before, indicating that breeders have effectively screened breeding dogs. When you buy Du Binquan puppies, it will be more secure if you can obtain relevant OFA, GDC and international inspection registration certificates. If you are unfortunately found to have this disease, don't let it breed again, so as not to pass it on to the next generation.

Another hereditary deformity is elbow dysplasia. Test the registration number of normal elbow dogs over 24 months. Elbow joint abnormalities can be divided into I-III grades, and Grade III elbow joint abnormalities belong to completely degenerative joint diseases. Dogs with normal elbow joints over 24 months old will be issued a registration number and report to the breeding club regularly. In addition, the Center for the Prevention and Control of Genetic Diseases also maintains a comprehensive screening of animals with elbow joint diseases, and issues registration certificates to dogs with normal elbow joints 12 months or more. Only dogs with normal elbow joints can be used for breeding.

Many dogs have myocardial diseases.

For people who breed Dubinquan, the disease they are most worried about is cardiomyopathy. There are more and more dogs suffering from this kind of heart disease. There are two main reasons, one is myocardial dilatation, and the other is myocardial hypertrophy. Du Binquan often has myocardial dilatation. The sick dog's heart is weak because of excessive inflation, just like an inflated balloon, it can't beat effectively and normally, which will eventually lead to heart failure. It is understood that Du Binquan is not only the dog breed with the highest prevalence rate of this disease, but also its prevalence rate is even higher than that of other dog breeds combined, so myocardial dilatation can be said to be the number one killer in Du Binquan. When Du Binquan suffers from cardiomyopathy, it is not easy to detect its abnormality in the early stage, and the owner will not go to the vet until heart failure. Although the etiology of myocardial disease is considered to be closely related to its heredity, there is still a lack of long-term research reports. Some veterinarians believe that the disease is related to the nutritional mechanism, and supplementing amino acids may help prevent it.

Once a dog gets sick, it may have symptoms such as depression, cough, inability to exercise, difficulty breathing, weakness, loss of appetite and even fainting. In particular, Du Bin's sudden death was mostly due to his cardiomyopathy. In order to prevent Du Bin from dying of cardiomyopathy, I suggest that you have a heart examination for your dog regularly, especially for young and middle-aged dogs. It can be effectively detected by X-ray, ultrasound, electrocardiogram and other means, but this disease can be said to be incurable and can only be treated with some drugs that strengthen heart function. If it can't be effectively prevented, only puppies with medical history can be killed. Many cases should be followed up for at least three generations. It is understood that the American Dobbin Springs Club has a research plan, and they want to use DNA testing to test the relationship between this disease and heredity. If this study is successful, disease-free dog breeds can be screened through testing, thus preventing the inheritance of diseases.

Another common disease of Du Binquan is gastric volvulus and intestinal kink. Gastric volvulus means that the dog's stomach is full of air. After exercise, if the dog wolfs down food and water, or is in a state of tension, it will swallow a lot of air, causing stomach torsion, and elderly dogs with sensitive stomach are more likely to get this disease. Dubinquan is the first disease, and it is usually considered as the most susceptible disease to gastric volvulus. It has been reported recently that some deep-breasted dogs, such as Great Dane, Saint Bernard and Boxer, are also susceptible to this disease.

Dogs with twisted stomachs will feel uncomfortable and will be life-threatening. When the stomach is filled with air, just like an inflated balloon will distort, it will hinder the delivery of blood and the digestion of food in the stomach, and even hinder the blood circulation supply needed by the stomach and other digestive organs. Gastric volvulus will aggravate flatulence, release toxins into blood vessels, cause tissue ischemia and lead to death. As soon as the disease starts, it will kill people in four to six hours. Even after being treated by a doctor, one-third of the dogs will still die after the onset.

Although gastrointestinal kink cannot be completely prevented, some simple measures can be taken to reduce the risk of this disease. Don't give Du Binquan a lot of food at ordinary times, let him eat at any time. Instead, he should divide his daily food into three meals: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Don't give him a chance to gobble it up. Better add some chewing to his food? Dry feed should be mixed with a little water to provide it with clean drinking water at any time, but no drinking water is provided when eating three meals. Don't let the dog do strenuous exercise within one hour before and after meals. According to the above practice, it is very likely to save the dog's life, because the owner accidentally caused the dog's stomach to twist and die. However, many dogs abroad, especially large working dogs, suddenly died after training and were sent to the hospital for surgery, only to find that it was gastric volvulus.

Licking the skin is not suitable for reproduction.

A common dermatitis in Du Binquan is licking dermatitis, which even the veterinarian can't do. Before the owner came to find out, Du Binquan may have been licking the skin of a certain point on his foot, revealing his flesh. Why is he licking himself like this? The reason is not clear. Although there are many theories, we are not sure which is the real reason. It is understood that recent studies have pointed out that it is caused by the incomplete development of some nervous systems in dogs. Another theory holds that this disease is the result of an impulsive behavioral response. In Dubinquan, which suffers from licking dermatitis, male dogs are about twice as many as female dogs. We must be very careful when diagnosing these sick dogs, because some sick dogs may be caused by other diseases and usually need biopsy, bacterial culture and even X-ray examination. Du Binquan, whose parents' dogs and siblings' dogs suffer from this disease, can no longer be used as breeding dogs.

Shake your head, you can't prevent it

Du Binquan also has a disease that mainly affects dogs called shaking syndrome, which is caused by cervical instability. When cervical vertebra bone disease occurs, compressing the cervical nerve will cause severe headache, which may lead to the stiffness of the front foot of the dog, such as the Great Dane and other breeds of dogs. This disease often occurs in dogs aged three to eighteen months, but Du Binquan usually develops at the age of four to ten.

According to the latest research, the etiology of the disease is related to genetic factors, overeating and calcium overload. X-rays can be used to diagnose this disease, and special staining methods can be used to outline the damage. To prevent this disease, we should avoid supplementing calcium, eat less and eat more meals, and don't buy offspring dogs with this disease for our family. Due to the late onset of Du Binquan, breeders can't know the condition in advance and can't eliminate and prevent it. It may take several births to get sick.

Thyroid deficiency must be eliminated.

Thyroid insufficiency is Du Binquan's most common endocrine disease. This disease is caused by insufficient secretion of thyroxine, which is caused by many reasons. Among them, lymphothyroiditis is the most common. Dogs usually get sick when they are one to three years old, but they may not see a doctor until their later years, because thyroid hormone will affect heart function, and Du Binquan has a strong tolerance for cardiomyopathy, so it is necessary to supplement thyroid hormone to sick dogs in time, and don't treat sick dogs as breeding dogs.

Strict selection of breeding dogs can break the genetic source.

Although there are many endemic diseases in Dubinquan, strict screening in breeding can also reduce the occurrence of genetic diseases. The owner is their health guardian, so we must be conscientious in the feeding process and carefully observe their lives. If there is anything unusual, it must be thoroughly checked. It is suggested that you should not breed by yourself. It is best to let a professional breeder do the breeding work to ensure the excellent performance of Du Binquan.