After loquat matures, the nutritional level of the tree is relatively low, so it is necessary to apply sufficient fertilizer in time after fruit picking, and it is required to apply organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, and the amount of fertilization should account for about 50% of the whole year. Especially in high-yield orchards, the amount of fertilization should be increased, and farm manure 1000- 1500 kg, quick-acting compound fertilizer 50 kg and cake fertilizer 100- 150 kg can be applied per mu.

Fertilization should be applied in circular furrow with the crown dripping water as the boundary, and it must be completed one week after fruit picking, and irrigation should be done in time to facilitate the root system to absorb nutrients and promote the early germination of summer shoots.

summer pruning

Summer pruning must be based on ventilation and light transmission to enhance the tree potential. Prune cross branches, overlapping branches, diseased branches and dead branches.

The fruiting branches should be shortened: weak fruiting branches, 1-2 sprouting branches in spring, and too many weak branches should be thinned; For long branches, they should be drained, cut short or left with branches according to the spacing of the crown; For the main branches with too many wounds, it is necessary to smear the wounds with sulfur mixture in time to prevent the wounds from being infected with germs and affecting the growth of trees.

plant diseases and insect pests

1 control of rot disease

Rot disease is a common disease in loquat planting process, which usually occurs in the trunk root neck of loquat tree and rarely occurs in the side branches. When the bark of loquat tree splits, warps, falls off or bleeds, soft rot will occur at the root and neck of the tree trunk. This phenomenon often occurs in closed and humid loquat orchards.

The main countermeasures are scraping the diseased spots on loquat trees, burning the bark immediately after eliminating the germs on the bark, and smearing the diseased spots with the solution of "Bing Bi Qing", "2% Nongkang 10~20 times" or "5% mycotoxin water solution 30~50 times" to assist the healing of trunk wounds. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the tree vigor, increase the supply of fertilizer and water, increase the cultivation intensity, make the loquat tree grow sturdily and enhance its resistance to germs and viruses.

2 control of leaf spot disease

In infectious diseases, leaf spot disease is one of the key points of prevention and control, including spot disease, angular spot disease and gray spot disease. The disease is very harmful to loquat trees, and minor diseases will also affect the growth trend of loquat trees. Serious diseases will directly damage loquat trees, leading to serious problems such as defoliation, dead branches, stiff leaves and yield reduction.

The prevention and control of the disease is mainly to improve the growth and disease resistance of loquat trees, enhance the growth potential of trees and improve the management level and quality of orchards.

Before germination, in order to prevent fruit trees from getting sick, some copper and calcium should be properly added. For example, 0.3~0.5 sulfur mixed solution can be selected, and 600 times of thiophanate methyl solution can also be selected for spraying. In addition to the above methods, there is a relatively simple method, that is, spraying 800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to effectively eliminate loquat leaf spot.

Source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Loquat Tree