Pots should be changed after flowering in early May, at seedling stage 1 time, seedling stage and 2-3 years 1 time. When changing soil, add as much original soil as possible. Generally, pine needle soil is added with a small amount of decomposed cow dung and bone meal. Be sure to leave a "water mouth" after changing pots and pour alum fertilizer water. You can also exchange water treated with resin to remove a lot of calcium and magnesium, which is suitable for watering azaleas.
(2) Temperature: Rhododendron will enter the room at the end of 10, and the room should be well ventilated to avoid smoke pollution. The temperature of Rhododendron occidentalis and Rhododendron occidentalis should not be lower than 0℃, and it is better to keep it at 10 ~ 15℃.
(3) Lighting: After leaving the room, put it in a semi-shady and semi-sunny place. If the light is too strong around noon, you should shade yourself. From the end of April, it is necessary to maintain the light transmittance of 40% ~ 60%, use a sunshade net to shade the sun, and expose the net for night dew in the morning and evening. The height of the shade shed is about 1.5 ~ 2 meters, and the light will be seen in the morning and evening in autumn, and alum fertilizer will be used for watering.
(4) Water and fertilizer: Rhododendron is a good fertilizer. Should be thin, diligent, avoid thick fertilizer. After flowering in spring, apply 1 0 times of 20% manure or cake fertilizer every 7 ~ 10 days, and stop or lightly apply it in rainy days. Fertilization should be carried out after the soil is dry. After fertilization, water should be sprayed, and 1 times water should be poured to help the roots. During flower bud differentiation from June to August, appropriate amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be added. Phosphate fertilizer should be topdressing 1 ~ 2 times after autumn cooling, and fertilization should be stopped in 10. For sick plants, less fertilizer should be applied. Rhododendron is afraid of both drought and waterlogging, and is afraid of stagnant water. Water should be timely and appropriate, and the water quality should be acidic. Don't water it, but don't overdo it, or it will hurt your vitality. Rhododendron likes to spray water on leaves to keep 80% relative humidity. It is not advisable to water more during flowering, and it is not allowed to spray water on the flowers. Water in the basin should be prevented in rainy season, and water shortage should be prevented in winter.
(5) Pruning: Rhododendron has strong germination ability and dense branches. It must be improved by bud removal, bud thinning, coring, branch thinning, pulling, bracing, binding and pressing. When the seedling height is 15cm after planting in pots, if it grows vigorously, it should be picked in autumn 1 time. If there are buds at this time, they should be thinned early to prevent stiff seedlings. Pruning should be done after flowering (June). The branches of Xia Juan are mostly horizontal, and the adventitious buds, over-dense branches, twigs and long branches sprouting at the base should be pruned. Residual flowers should be picked in time after flowers. At the same time, in plastic surgery, the natural shape is the main form, and the branch shape is changed by binding and bracing, so that the distribution is reasonable and the posture is perfect.
(6) Controlling flowering period: After the azalea bud is formed, temperature and light are the main factors affecting flowering. After the bud of rhododendron is formed, the light is guaranteed for more than 4 hours every day. The temperature is not lower than 15℃ at night and above 20℃ during the day. Soil moisture content is 50%, air humidity is 70% ~ 80%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc.
If you want azaleas to bloom on New Year's Day and Spring Festival, you should choose varieties with well-developed buds and early flowering. Such as cold peony, Bai Mudan, ornamental, spring rain, purple flower, artistic girl, red cover, pink cover, etc., are moved into the greenhouse 45 days before the festival, and kept at around 20℃ during the day and not lower than 15℃ at night. Spray water on the leaves twice a day to keep the soil moist, and peel off the new buds around the flower buds in time. Keeping the temperature at 10 ~ 15℃ after flowering can prolong the flowering period by more than 1 month. Families can use large plastic bags, cover the basin, tie it up and put it on the balcony. When the temperature rises to about 20℃ in the sun, pay attention to water spraying and ventilation. When they germinate, half open the plastic bag and remove the cover after 2 ~ 3 days. It will bloom in 7 days if it is placed in the sun at a temperature not lower than 10℃. Generally, 4 ~ 6 hours of light are guaranteed every day. If the light is insufficient, it can be supplemented by a 40-watt fluorescent lamp. The water content of basin soil is kept at about 50%. If the water content is insufficient, the flowering period will be delayed. From September to before budding, the fertilizer should be mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, such as dry cake, chicken manure, sesame oil residue, etc., and it should be decomposed and diluted 1 times every 10 day, and fertilizer liquid, water and soil should not splash on the leaves.
If you want to delay flowering, choose varieties that bloom late, such as Wubaozhu, Sihaibo, Zifeng Chaoyang, Fairy Dance, Mayred and Pomegranate Red. Put it in a cold room after autumn or before flowering 1 month to keep the soil slightly wet and weak. After taking it out of the cold storage, spray 20℃ water and apply thin fertilizer, and it will bloom after 1 month.