1. Deciduous tree: the new shoots grow vigorously, and the leaf size and color are normal. Under normal circumstances, there are no yellow leaves, burnt leaves and rolled leaves, and the preservation rate of normal leaves is above 95%.
2. Coniferous trees: the needles are kept for more than 3 years, and the fruiting branches are below 10%.
3, flowering shrubs: full plant type, normal leaf color, timely flowering. For flowering shrubs that can bloom twice in summer, such as Chinese rose, Tang Di, Pearl plum and brocade, timely pruning and topdressing can be taken to improve the flowering quality and ornamental effect during the Olympic Games.
4. Vertical greening plants: vertical greening plants for ornamental flowers should be pruned and fertilized in time after flowering. The vertical greening of buildings and bridges should also be appropriately trimmed according to the needs, and it cannot be developed without control.
5, roof greening plants: timely watering, timely pruning. The technology of controlling fertilizer and restraining growth is adopted to prevent plants from growing too fast to affect the ornamental effect and increase the building load and maintenance cost.
6. Herbaceous flowers: After the annual and biennial flowers are transplanted, they should be well maintained to avoid wilting due to lack of water and ensure the plants to recover and grow new roots. Flower beds and ribbons should be clearly outlined, neat and beautiful, brightly colored, even and without flowers and broken leaves. Perennial flowers should be pruned in time after flowering to prevent lodging.
7. Lawn and ground cover plants: The ground should be completely covered, neat and beautiful, free from alopecia areata and weeds that affect the landscape. Attention should be paid to water management and weeding before turf formation in warm season. The maintenance principle of "slow in spring, protect in summer and promote in autumn" should be mastered for cool-season turf to avoid large-scale turf diseases during the Olympic Games. Rural land cover should maintain the status of dominant tree species through protective measures.
The main work of greening and maintenance includes replanting, soil, fertilizer, water management, prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds, pruning, protection, management, renewal and rejuvenation. According to the above specific requirements, we mainly take the following measures:
First, earnestly implement the composition of maintenance management personnel.
According to the actual situation of engineering construction, personnel who are familiar with the engineering environment, good technology, high quality and strong engineering ability are sent to the construction site to carry out maintenance management of engineering defects during the responsibility period. The project manager is always in charge, the deputy manager depends on it, and a number of greening engineers are equipped for technical guidance, and a number of technicians are stationed for specific operation and construction.
Second, equipped with construction machinery and equipment to meet the needs of maintenance management.
After the acceptance of the project, the maintenance machinery, equipment and facilities during the project maintenance management should be carefully implemented and equipped. At the same time, do a good job in debugging and maintenance, maintain a good technical state, and ensure the needs of the project. Specially equipped with irrigation equipment, hedge trimmer or brush cutter.
Third, do a good job in technical management of maintenance management.
1. Soil management: The first loosening of soil every year should be carried out before the vigorous growth of weeds, and the subsequent loosening should be carried out according to different regions in the middle and late growth period. The loosening method can be overall loosening, strip or block loosening, etc. The loosening depth is generally 5- 10cm.
2. Fertilization: topdressing to balance nutrition. For trees and lawns planted in greening, it is necessary to strengthen the observation and analysis of nutritional diagnosis, combine irrigation with topdressing, maintain nutritional balance and grow healthily. The specific topdressing is mainly decomposed organic fertilizer, with an average topdressing of 5Kg/ plant for trees and shrubs, 0.5Kg/ plant for small shrubs and 3-5Kg/m2 for lawns.
3. Water:
The amount, frequency and interval of watering depend on the specific season and soil water shortage. Summer watering should be carried out in the early morning and evening, and water sources with high salt content or salinity should not be used. Water it with frozen water before it freezes in winter. Water before early spring. Water in time after fertilization to facilitate the dissolution and absorption of fertilizer.
4. Prevention of diseases, pests and disasters.
For the pests and diseases of trees and lawns, we should strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases in line with the principles of "prevention first, combining prevention with control" and "early treatment, minor treatment and radical treatment".
We should adopt ecological, cultivation techniques, biological, physical, chemical and plant quarantine measures to comprehensively control diseases, pests and weeds.
Can be deeply planted or poured with frozen water to prevent disasters such as freezing, frost and sunburn; In wet areas, guaranteed water can be obtained to prevent freezing and soil preparation, and proper soil management can be carried out.
5. Special requirements for management and protection of trees, shrubs and flowers
5. 1 Special requirements for tree management and protection
Pruning: young trees only need weak pruning; Various pruning methods should be used comprehensively to make the growth of adult trees balanced; When the trees are mature, they should be cut hard, and the long branches should be rejuvenated. Through pruning and tending, the root-shoot ratio of the trees should be appropriate.
In winter, the weir should be sealed before winter.
5.2 Special requirements for shrub management and protection
Flowers and shrubs that bloom first and then grow leaves should be pruned after flowering in spring to maintain ideal tree potential; Shrubs with flowers and ornamental branches and leaves should be pruned in winter or early spring, and those with dense branches should be pruned appropriately.
Shrubs with strong germination, easy to dry in winter and weak growth potential should be uprooted on the ground in winter. According to different growth periods, excessive water and fertilizer should be avoided to cause virtual growth in the later stage.
5.3 Special requirements for the management and protection of flowers and climbing plants
Flowers should be watered and topdressed in time during the growth period. Topdressing methods can be selected according to varieties and plant growth, such as furrow application, hole application and water flushing application.
In the severe cold season, the biennial and perennial trees that are not cold-tolerant can be treated by covering, ridging, irrigation, shallow tillage and close planting. And the growth potential of each branch should be adjusted, with the focus on attracting branches to be evenly distributed.
5.4 Special Requirements for Management and Protection of Ground Cover Plants
The management of ground cover plants varies with their species and growing environment.
The height of each pruning of ground cover plants can refer to the requirements of design drawings. Pruning should avoid unfavorable weather and time such as high temperature and strong wind.
Watering ground cover plants should saturate the soil to the roots. In early spring and before winter in the north, green water and frozen water should be watered.
Ground cover plants should be fertilized reasonably. Organic fertilizer should be applied once every 1-2 years 1 time. In autumn, topdressing is usually 2-3 times a year, and chemical fertilizers and other trace elements should be applied as needed. Fertilization should be tailored to local conditions, and fertilization before and after light rain is the best.
5.5 Lawn maintenance management
Lawn, as the keynote of landscaping, plays an important role in the whole garden construction project, so the maintenance and management level is the decisive factor to maintain its high-quality lawn if planting is to be improved. Therefore, we strictly implement the Maintenance Management Standard for Urban Landscaping (DB11/T 213-2003) for maintenance management, and we need to strengthen the following points.
5.5. 1 Strengthen the scientific nature of watering. Reasonable irrigation and timely watering according to the water demand law of various lawn grasses can not only increase the resistance of the lawn, but also cultivate a well-developed, beautiful and tidy lawn.
5.5.2 Establish the prevention and prediction mechanism of pests and diseases. From the end of May to the beginning of June 10, fungicides and pesticides are sprayed regularly, and special measures are taken at the peak of pests and diseases. For pests and diseases, we should focus on the prevention and control of underground pests and pests that harm stems and leaves.
5.5.3 Weeds are controlled by combining chemical control, artificial weeding and biological control.
5.5.4 Appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be supplemented. When the lawn enters the summer growth period, it should be watered more frequently and sprayed with nitrogen fertilizer to promote the vegetative growth of the lawn.
5.5.5 Strengthen freezing water irrigation in autumn, ensure the lawn to overwinter safely, extend the green period and enter the green period in advance.
5.5.6 Replanting the bald spots on the lawn in time to ensure that the lawn coverage rate reaches over 95%.
5.5.7 Do a good job in the sanitation and cleaning of the lawn, ensure the neatness and beauty of the lawn, and form a lawn with good greening and beautification effect.
5.6 In the process of planting and maintaining green plants, the original data should be classified and kept as completed files.
After the whole process of construction and self-inspection is qualified, draw the completion drawing, compile the completion data and report, submit the completion application, and be inspected and accepted by the supervision engineer.