basic concept
Nine kinds of personality (Enneagram), also known as personality typology, nine kinds of personality. In recent years, it has been highly praised by MBA students from Stanford University and other international universities, and has become one of the most popular courses at present. In recent ten years, it has been popular in European and American academic and business circles. The management of the world's top 500 companies all learn nine personality types, and train employees, build teams and improve their execution.
According to the introduction of China's nine-type personality, Dr. aleksandar tomash and Dr. Shi Daila Chase in the United States mentioned in their book Temperament and Development 1977 that we can identify nine different temperaments in babies from the second month to the third month after birth.
Activity level; Regularity; Initiative; Adaptability; Scope of interests; The intensity of the reaction; Psychological quality; Degree of distraction; Concentration range/persistence.
On the other hand, David Daniels found that these nine different temperaments just matched the nine types of personality.
Nine-type personality is not only a subtle personality analysis tool, but also provides deep insight for personal cultivation, self-improvement and experience. Different from other methods of personality classification today, type nine personality reveals people's deepest values and concerns, and it is not affected by superficial external behavior changes. It can make people really know themselves and help people understand their own personality, so as to fully accept their own shortcomings and live out their high strengths; It can make people understand the personality types of different people, so as to know how to communicate and get along with different people and establish a more sincere and harmonious partnership with others.
Historical origin
The earliest time of the origin and development of the nine-type personality theory cannot be verified, but researchers agree that its origin is very long, which may be traced back to 2500 BC or earlier. According to legend, it originated from Sufi school, only spiritual teachers know it, and it has been secretly circulated for thousands of years. The secret is that everyone who goes to the spiritual teacher to solve the problem gets a very satisfactory answer, but the beauty is that even the same question, everyone's answer is different. Patterns such as China's Tai Chi and Eight Diagrams contain mysteries, which can explain the secrets of the human world and are tools for pursuing spiritual behavior.
In 1920, g.i. guardjieff first introduced the theory of nine types of personality to the west and used it to explain nine characteristics of people. It was Oscar Icazo, the founder of Erica College, who really carried this theory forward. He claimed that the nine-type personality theory was learned by Sufism when he was traveling in Afghanistan in AD 1950. Izasso brought nine kinds of human desires into the nine-type personality theory, and used this theory as a teaching material for human psychological training. Erica College was originally established in Erica, Chile. Later, Erica College in America was also established by 1970. Many famous psychologists and psychiatrists have followed Izasso to study type 9 personality. Claudia Naranjo, a famous psychiatrist, introduced this knowledge to California after studying in Chile, and set up a series of workshops to explore people's personality patterns. Developed by Stanford University in California in recent years, it is widely used, including personal growth, office management and interpersonal skills. In recent years, it has been extended to couples, children's education, parent-child relationship and so on.
By 1994, scholars from Stanford University in the United States hosted the first International Nine-Type Personality Conference, which was attended by 1400 people from more than 20 countries, and an international organization was established in the same year. The second international congress was successfully concluded in August 1997.
Conceptual description
1. There are nine kinds of personality, and you must belong to one of them. This type is your "basic personality type". A person's basic personality type will not change. Even if there are various changes in real life due to some factors, even if your basic personality type may be hidden or adjusted, it will not really change.
2. Although the basic personality types of people will not change, the typical description of a certain type does not completely conform to a certain person. The reason is exactly as mentioned above: people may have some differences in order to adapt to their own growth environment, social culture and stability or pressure. It must be emphasized that everyone's growth environment is unique, so people of the same type may have many similarities, but they also have some of their most special characteristics.
3. Of the nine personality types, none belongs to "male type" and the other belongs to "female type".
4. There is no absolute value of which is better or worse. In fact, each kind of people has its own advantages and disadvantages.
After knowing the personality types of yourself and others, you don't want to label everyone, use your own type as an excuse to limit yourself, or "speak out" what others will do. Because each type of person has different changes in the direction of health or unhealthy.
localism
Karen Weber's regional branch
Abdomen: existence, anger, self-forgetfulness, 8 9 1, abdomen, action, existence, it's hard to feel the real priority for yourself.
Brain: Thinking, fear, paranoia, 5 6 7, the visual center of Tibetan tantric meditation, thinking can make them completely satisfied.
Heart: feeling, longing, imagination, 2 3 4, longing for love and enrichment, "image type", unique emptiness and longing.
Reference of other departments: www.enneagram.cn.
Abdomen: 8 3 7, active, intuitive, judging things by emotions and feelings.
Brain: 1 5 6, reflecting with thinking, thinking and rationality.
Heart: 2 4 9, pay attention to feelings and enrich strong feelings.
Type 9 personality simple test
1. The following statement is 108.
2. Make a mark in front of what you think is in line with your statement, and pay attention to cover the number in front of each statement.
3. Then add up the marks after the same number, such as three marks after the number "1", eight marks after "2", one mark after "3", five marks after "4", and so on.
The number with the highest score may be your typing number.
It should be noted that this conclusion is for reference only, and a more accurate judgment can only be obtained after in-depth understanding and comparison.
9 1. I get confused easily.
1 2. I don't want to be a critic, but it's hard to do it.
I like studying the truth and philosophy of the universe.
I pay great attention to whether I am young or not, because that is the capital of fun.
I like to be alone. I am alone in everything.
6. Giving me more satisfaction than receiving it.
Being misunderstood is a very painful thing for me.
2 8. Giving me more satisfaction than receiving it.
6 9. Always imagine the worst result and get yourself into trouble.
6 10. I often test the loyalty of my friends and partners.
8 1 1. I look down on those who are not as good as me, and sometimes I humiliate them in various ways.
9 12. Physical comfort is very important to me.
4 13. I can touch the sadness and misfortune in my life.
1 14. It will make me disappointed and angry that others can't complete their duties.
9 15. I often put off solving problems.
7 16. I like colorful life.
4 17. I feel that I am not perfect.
7 18. I have a strong demand for senses, like food, clothes, tactile stimulation of the body, and am addicted to pleasure.
5 19. When people ask me some questions, I will analyze them in great detail.
I am used to self-promotion and never feel embarrassed.
7 2 1. Sometimes I indulge myself and do things that I can't control.
If I can't help others, I will feel pain.
I don't like being asked general questions.
I tend to be addicted to certain aspects (such as food, drugs, etc.). )
I would rather adapt to others, including my partner, than resist them.
The last thing I like is hypocrisy.
I can correct my mistakes, but people around me are still under pressure because of my persistence.
I often think that many things are fun and interesting, and life is really happy.
6.29. Sometimes I appreciate that I am full of authority, and sometimes I am indecisive and dependent on others.
I am used to giving more than receiving.
6 3 1. Faced with threats, on the one hand, I became anxious, on the other hand, I faced the oncoming danger.
I usually wait for others to get close to me, not me to get close to them.
I like being the protagonist and hope to get everyone's attention.
I won't respond and defend when others criticize me, because I don't want any disputes and conflicts.
Sometimes I expect guidance from others, but sometimes I ignore others' advice and go straight to what I want to do.