hill
The mountains in Qingdao have their own taste, style and characteristics. For example, Laoshan Mountain is famous for its "hard work" in mountaineering, and the mountains are connected, so it was called "Laoshan Mountain" more than two thousand years ago. Again, Fushan. When people sail on the sea and overlook the mountains in their hometown, the most emotional thing is the floating mountain. Because from a distance, the nine hills of Fushan line up like a green barrier, floating on the sea, so it is called "Fushan". In addition, there are Shuilian Mountain, Guanxiangshan, Guan Hai, Shuang Shan, Danshan and Beiling, etc. People can guess it by its name.
Yushan culture
Some mountains are named after their hieroglyphs, such as Fish Mountain, which means they swim into the sea like fish. In other words, Yushan is the closest mountain to the sea in Qingdao, with an altitude of 62 meters. It really rises from the sea and stands out from the crowd. In the view of Yu Dafu and Shen Congwen, Yushan is a good place for them to "live in seclusion". Here, they can throw all the thoughts in the world out of the sky at once, sleep with the waves on their heads and the sunset. Climb high, with the sunrise overlooking.
Kang Youwei has been planning to live on Yushan since 1924. He wants to carefully hide his residual fire on the fish mountain. Because he chose an official residence of the former governor of Jiaoao as his "summer resort" in Qingdao and named it "Tianyuan Garden". I am also like an "elder" of a mountain, riding a horse around the mountain every day to see the moon and guide the stars. Unfortunately, Kang Youwei, a generation of reform leader and master of Confucian classics, fell at the foot of Yushan Mountain. Yushan shared his infinite glory. Therefore, later writers, scholars and experts, professors and artists came to live here. So, in addition to Lao She, Liang Shiqiu, Wen Yiduo, Hong Shen and Song Chunfang, there are also Tong Dizhou, Mao, Cheng, Zhu Shuping, Feng and Lu Kanru. For a time, Yushan became a "famous cultural mountain" where China cultural celebrities lived. The miracle created by "Fish Mountain Culture" and "Fish Mountain Culture" has also attracted worldwide attention.
Habitat mountain
Most of the mountains in Qingdao are granite, and the trees are abrupt, towering and dense, which is very suitable for living. In other words, such a living environment is rare in the whole country.
Judging from the history of Qingdao's urban development, Huishan and Qingdao Mountain are the earliest inhabited mountains in the city. Huishan was the name of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and now it is called Taiping Mountain. It is named because it faces the Pacific Ocean outside the Yellow Sea. Among these two mountains, there are two primitive villages, one is Qianhui Village and the other is Qingdao Village. Before the meeting, the village site is now East Park of Zhongshan Park, and the village site of Qingdao is now Yingbin Hotel, Qingdao Road, Jiangsu Road and Changzhou Road. By the beginning of last century, there were about 1000 villagers in these two villages, who were the aborigines of Qingdao.
The original Qingdao people made a living by fishing at sea. Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao Bay, Huiquan Bay and Fushan Bay are all the earliest fishing grounds in Qingdao, and they are also places where fishermen repair boats and nets. Later, Qingdao people began to grow crops in the mountains, such as wheat, cotton, soybeans and peanuts.
The earliest house of Qingdao people was also a "stone house". The roof was covered with seaweed and wheat straw, and the walls were all granite. Of course, there are also simple semi-crypt houses called crypts. 1when the Germans invaded Qingdao in the winter of 897. Almost all the traditional houses of China in Qingdao have been demolished, leaving only two landmark buildings, namely "Old Yamen" and "Tianhou Palace". Followed by a piece of European-style villa houses, all over the mountains. As a result, Qingdao has a unique "original city color" that combines "green hills" with "red tiles".
Mountain wonders
Most buildings in Qingdao are built by mountains, and their building volume changes with the ups and downs of the mountains, becoming exquisite "decorations" of the mountains. This is different from other cities in China, and there are few houses facing north and south. Because Qingdao is located in the cape and there are many hills, it is obviously a basic design principle of urban planning to build on the mountain. Of course, this design principle will also be reflected in the details of some classic buildings. In fact, what is even more amazing is that these urban architectural design principles also include some factors such as meteorology, oceans, rivers and earthquakes.
Therefore, if we look carefully, it is not difficult to find that the main facade of Qingdao's buildings is basically facing southeast, while the gables and eaves in the northeast or northwest are relatively high. Because Qingdao has two main wind directions every year: southeast wind and northwest wind. The southeast wind not only brought a cool maritime climate to Qingdao, but also brought a lot of rain. So Qingdao is also famous for its humid summer. The northwest wind brings dry and cold inland and snow, but the snow on the north facade of the building will be greatly weakened by the gradual occlusion of many mountains. Based on this condition, the tile slope of Qingdao architecture is smaller than that of European architecture at the same latitude. Moreover, the windows on the north side of many old houses are smaller than those on the south side, and spiral stairs are mostly located on the north side. In the south, there are not only big windows, but also internal and external corridors and balconies. What's more, there are tiger windows and unique wooden frames, which not only achieve the effect of ventilation, but also absorb a lot of heat from the sun through the wooden frame, increasing the humanistic color.
Therefore, the mountains in Qingdao are a kind of urban resources and a natural vein of the beautiful outline of the city.
sea
The sea in Qingdao is affectionate, romantic, charming, vast and not dull, which makes people think deeply and linger. This is because the sea in Qingdao is closer to the city, more natural, friendlier and richer.
For Qingdao people, the sea is not only a kind of dependence and yearning for the city, but also a "blank space" in urban space. It is full of mysterious colors every day, and the rhythm and breathing of the city are accompanied by the sound of paddles and light and shadow every day.
Sea is the primary color and advertising color of Qingdao, an ancient and modern city, and it is also the favorite color of Qingdao people. For example, in the trademarks of all famous enterprises in Qingdao, almost all have the movement and color of the sea. Like Haier and Hisense, the word "sea" is not only in the corporate trademark, but also in the corporate name. Another example is Tsingtao Beer and Aucma. They not only "combined" hops and waves, but also "combined" the development prospects of large-scale backbone enterprises in Ocean and Qingdao. Therefore, we have to say that the sea in Qingdao not only has natural colors, but also can often feel a kind of grandeur and boldness. Qingdao Sea, the blue sound of spring, the love of summer, the interest of autumn and the dream of winter.
Ocean and life
From the beginning of walking, I learned to "catch the sea", which may be a unique lifestyle of Qingdao people. A little older, Qingdao children will plunge into the sea like "warriors" and look for life in the sea. However, whether it is "rushing to the sea" or "diving into the sea", Qingdao people are accepting the preliminary test of the sea. Childhood "exam" failed, and the harvest after growing up was obviously different.
The sea can "lift" you or drown you, which is a law that the sea teaches Qingdao people to see the world. Qingdao people are not arrogant, self-abased, complacent, conceited, never stop moving forward, and never waste time like water, which is also an instinct of the sea. And Qingdao people also inherited this instinct gracefully.
Qingdao people have dreamed of the sea, heard the sound of waves in class and reading, and compared the sea to a symbol of strength. For example, saying that others have a large amount of alcohol is "massive"; Say you are magnanimous, this is "all rivers run into the sea"; There are too many people or things to count. This is the "sea". Also, some uneducated people get together and say "eat lies"; The big bowl used at home is called "sea bowl".
More than half a century ago, in Qingdao, the Germans also set up a cast iron mechanical sounder, which can forecast the sea breeze, waves and fog by "whistling", and Qingdao people call it "manatee". "Manatee" is a kind of urban landscape in Qingdao, which is stained with the indelible mark of19th century colonial culture.
Sea of culture
In the culture of Qingdao, it is not difficult to see or find the shadow of the sea.
In modern buildings in Qingdao, there are many architectural reliefs with decorative patterns and "water patterns" symbolizing the sea. For example, there are such patterns and "waterlines" on the facade of the guest house of the Governor's residence in Jiao 'ao. Not only that, there are granite gables in the east, but also cable piles, anchor chains and sailor knots. When Qingdao people build some buildings, they also incorporate the images of ships, towers and portholes into the architectural culture, which makes people have rich associations. We can proudly say that these cultural characteristics are also endowed by the sea, which shows such a broad life picture for Qingdao people.
The Aquarium, Marine Museum and Marine Specimen Museum in Qingdao are not only scientific research institutions for marine life in Qingdao, but also important windows for publicizing marine science. Here, people can hear the call of the sea and see another mysterious world under the sea. In the near future, Qingdao, as the "sailing capital", will definitely have a sailing museum to show the sailing culture of Qingdao Ocean City, the life of early fishermen and ocean exploration.
The concept of ocean
In the thinking space of Qingdao people, the sea is synonymous with kindness, tolerance, generosity, hospitality, enthusiasm, omnipotence and omnipotence. In the geographical map of Qingdao, Qingdao is just a long and narrow peninsula, surrounded by the sea on three sides and well cared for. The sea is like a mother full of divine power, holding up Qingdao with her warm big hands. Therefore, Qingdao people always live in a kind of pride and self-appreciation, just like living in the Peach Blossom Garden, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. They feel that they live on the edge of the world and that they are the center of the world. It seems that mountains, seas, green trees and blue sky are all around, and God cares for them.
Many living conditions of Qingdao people should be told to the sea and let the sea know. Whenever he stands in front of the sea, he has comfort and confidence. Therefore, even if a person is on a business trip, the first thing to do when he gets home is to go to the beach and sit on the red reef. It seems that only the sea can read his mind at the moment.
Sometimes, the sea is also a barometer of Qingdao people. What is the weather like today? They can recognize the color of the sea and the size of the waves without looking at the "weather forecast". Therefore, the sea has taught Qingdao people a lot. Of course, what we are talking about here is not the natural sea in the general sense, but the "social sea" derived from the ocean. For example, the long-term harassment of Qingdao coast by Japanese pirates in the Ming Dynasty, the sudden berthing of Russian warships and the occupation of Jiaozhou Bay by German troops in the late Qing Dynasty, and the long-term occupation of this area by Japanese and American troops, as well as large merchant ships entering and leaving Qingdao as "free ports".
In a big way, the sea in Qingdao is an endless sky. Usually you don't have to worry about her, but she keeps looking at you. On a small scale, the sea in Qingdao is still like an ordinary button. You touch her every day, intentionally or unintentionally. She is so important, useful and devoted to your duties, but you can't really understand her.
city
For example, the mountains in Qingdao are ancient history, then the sea in Qingdao is ancient history, and the city in Qingdao is modern history.
That's true. The mountains in Qingdao hold up ancient human stories and myths and legends. For example, in the Han Dynasty, the story of children raising tigers on Tiger Mountain, the legend of Qin Shihuang's visit to Laoshan Mountain, the famous poem "To the Enlightenment of Wu Wangshan" left by Li Bai, and the story of Zhang Sanfeng and Qiu Chuji practicing in Laoshan Mountain. Of course, we can't forget Pu Songling's timeless stories, namely, Laoshan Taoist and Yu Xiang. On the hills of the old city, you can also find historical sites such as bonfire piers built in the early Ming Dynasty.
Ten thousand years ago, Qingdao Sea was still a vast grassland, dense forests and wetlands. At that time, large animals such as mammoths and elk were born in Jiaozhou Bay and Huanghai. Until one day, under the movement of continental plates and volcanoes, Jiaozhou Bay was filled with seawater, and a Wang Yang appeared at the foot of Qingdao.
Qingdao City was founded in the early Ming Dynasty, that is, the first year of Hongwu 1368. This is the earliest record of Qingdao city history with Qingdao as the coordinate. At that time, Qingdao was named "Fushan Station", which is now around Shandong Road and Hong Kong Road. This city was built to resist the Japanese invaders, and it was also an important measure to open up wasteland and defend the border in the Ming Dynasty.
At present, there are some legends about the old man in Fushan. In Fushan Bay in the Ming Dynasty, the sailboats of the coach navy were always lined up, and there was no end in sight. The red and yellow flags on that ship, like a jungle, cover the sky and are spectacular. This is a true portrayal of the ancient city of Qingdao.
As a modern city, Qingdao has been only a "century-old Qingdao" since the German occupation period of 1897. The pattern of this Qingdao city is different from before, that is, the mountains and the sea are taken as the reference system of the city, and the city is built between mountains and seas, enjoying the charm of mountains and seas endowed by nature and absorbing the blue light and the color of the sea. Thus, after a hundred years of baptism and construction, a coastal city rose from the sea and stood on the top of the mountain, becoming the oriental gateway of the motherland.
City of Europe
Qingdao has always been known as the city of "Oriental Switzerland" and "World Architecture Expo". Its urban quality is also summarized as "red tiles and green trees, blue sea and green mountains". In other words, Qingdao is very quiet and small in Switzerland, with various typical buildings. The large red tile roof in the city refers to the scale and style of the building; Tree-lined streets form the depth of peaks and bends; As the two "dynamic backgrounds" of the city, the blue sea and green hills are presented to the world. So all the tourists who have been to Qingdao lament that the mountains and seas here are natural. In fact, this is the beauty and charm of Qingdao, and it is also a European style.
Some people say that the most beautiful place in Qingdao is that the buildings in its city are closely attached to the sea, and the roads continue to extend with the bending of the sea. Others say that the mountains of Qingdao embrace the city and the sea in their arms, with red tiles and blue sea. Both of these statements make sense. In fact, the city of Qingdao is an organic combination and filling of mountains and seas. Without this magnificent city scenery, green mountains and blue seas will lack spirituality.
Urban language
Qingdao has various "urban languages". For example, the historical buildings in Qingdao are mostly two or three stories; There are many large public buildings and single courtyard buildings; Mountain flowers, walls, porches, balconies and tiger windows have different styles; Some landscape buildings, or the central buildings of streets, have many semicircular corners and towers; There are many trees, public green spaces, gardens and ancient buildings in the center of the street. Because the mountain is connected with the road, there are many stone steps between the road and the road, and there are many branches and trees beside the main road. These are the "special languages" of a city, telling the history and present of the city all the time.
Among these "urban languages", we can't ignore the unique "language effect" brought by natural landscape to our city. For example, Qingdao has many bays, headlands, beaches, islands and docks; Then there are many hills, many parks and many paths up the mountain.
Once upon a time, if there was no seafood on the table of Qingdao people, it would be an unimaginable regret. So Qingdao people have a lot of seafood on their dining tables. There are many colors and beautiful women in Qingdao. With so many creative "urban languages", Qingdao has a distinctive "urban personality" and a colorful "urban expression". We say that as a modern international city, Qingdao is beautiful, open and rich.