[Edit this paragraph] Introduction An evergreen woody vine, ivy is native to Europe, Asia and North Africa. It is highly adaptable to the environment. It likes a cooler climate, has strong cold tolerance, and can be used as medicine. [Edit this paragraph] Botanical overview Latin name Hedera nepalensis K, Koch var.sinensis (Tobl.) Rehd

English name Ivy

Also known as Tuguvine, Zuotianfeng, Triangle Feng, Sangu Feng, Maple Lotus Pear Vine.

Family name: Araliaceae

Ivy, also known as ocean ivy, ivy, drum vine, wood fungus, and centipede, belongs to the Araliaceae family. The stems have raw roots for climbing on other things. The young leaves and inflorescences are covered with star-shaped scales. The leaves are stalked and thick. The leaves on the grape branches are slightly triangular and palmate. Its fruits, seeds and leaves are poisonous. Ingestion by children can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. In severe cases, it can cause gastrointestinal inflammation, coma, and even difficulty breathing. But the stems and leaves can also be used as diaphoretic and antipyretic agents. [Source request] The leaves are fragrant and beautiful in shape, and can be used for ornamental purposes at home.

Main varieties: Chinese ivy (H. nepalensis var. sinensis), Japanese ivy (CV. conglomerata), colorful leaf ivy (CV. discolor), golden heart ivy (CV. goldheart), silver ivy Border ivy (CV.siluer quetn)

Family and genus: Araliaceae Ivy

Latin name: Hedera helix (foreign ivy)

[ Edit this paragraph] The plant form is an evergreen climbing vine. The stems and branches have aerial roots, and the young branches are scale-like pubescent. Leaves are alternate, 2-lobed, 10cm long, 3-8cm wide, apex acuminate, base cuneate, entire or 3-lobed; leaves on flowering branches are elliptical-ovate or elliptical-lanceolate, 5-12cm long, 1 width ~8cm, long pointed apex, wedge-shaped base, entire margin. The umbel is solitary or has 2 to 7 terminals; the flowers are small, yellow-white or green-white, with 5 flowers in number; the ovary is inferior, and the styles unite to form a columnar shape. The fruit is spherical, berry-shaped, yellow or red. The flowering period is from May to August, and the fruiting period is from September to November. Attached to tree trunks in broad-leaved forests or on damp rock walls in ravines. Produced in Shaanxi, Gansu and south of the Yellow River Basin to South China and Southwest China. [Edit this paragraph] Garden use: It can be used for climbing rockeries and rocks in the courtyard, or as vertical greening materials on the shaded side of the building. In North China, it is advisable to choose a slightly shaded environment with a good microclimate for planting. It can also be potted for indoor greening and ornamental purposes. [Edit this paragraph] Overview of pharmacology Synonyms: Tuguteng ("Compendium on Materia Medica"), Longscale Xueli ("Rihuazi Materia Medica"), Sharp-leaf Xueli ("Puji Prescription"), triangle wind; triangle tip ("Compendium"), centipede on trees ("Classification of Herbal Medicine"), wall-creeping tiger, maple, maple, mountain grape, dog snake ("Chinese Tree Taxonomy"), Zhuan Tianfeng ("Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine") "), Centipede Centipede ("Chinese Medicinal Plants Illustrated Book"), Diamond Feng, Maple Vine (Jiangxi "Handbook of Herbal Medicine"), Fengvine Grass ("Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine in Tibet"), Ploughshare Southern Maple Vine, Triangular Arrow , Tu Maple Vine, Sangu Feng, Trifoliate Magnolia ("Commonly Used Folk Herbal Medicines in Zhejiang").

Source: Chinese ivy Hederanepalensis K.Kochvar.sinensis (Tobl.) Rehd., a plant of the genus Araliaceae, is used as medicine. It can be harvested throughout the year, cut into sections, dried or used fresh.

The nature and flavor are bitter, acrid and warm.

①"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Bitter."

②"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Bitter taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic."

③"Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine in Tibet": "Placid in nature and sweet in taste."

Its main functions are to dispel wind and dampness, activate blood circulation and reduce swelling, calm the liver and detoxify. Used for rheumatic joint pain, low back pain, bruises, hepatitis, dizziness, cochlear deviation of the mouth and eyes, epistaxis, nebula, acute conjunctivitis, nephritis edema, amenorrhea, carbuncle swelling, urticaria, and eczema.

① "Compendium": "It is mainly used for rheumatism, pain, and carbuncle swelling."

② "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Treat liver stagnation, nourish the spleen and remove dampness, and remove Wind smoothes the phlegm, circulates the meridians, promotes circulation of blood, and regulates qi." ③ "Chu Mu Bian Recipe": "Cures chronic convulsions and phlegm in children."

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④ "Classification of Herbal Medicine": "Cure muscle and bone pain, rheumatism and numbness, take it with wine. It can wash away sores."

⑤ "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Smooth the liver and smooth the qi, Improve eyesight and cure dizziness."

⑥"Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine": "Cure eye clouding and hepatitis"

⑦"Chinese Medicinal Plant Illustration": "Cure vitiligo in children." Swelling and poisoning." 8. "Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine in Tibet": "Activates blood circulation, relaxes muscles, and detoxifies. Treats rheumatoid arthritis, bruises, rabies bites, etc."

Usage and dosage: Oral administration: decoction, 1 to 3 yuan; soak in wine or pound into juice. External use: boil in water and wash or pound for application. [Edit this paragraph] Identification of Raw Medicinal Materials The stems are cylindrical, varying in length, 1-1.5cm in diameter, gray-green or gray-brown on the surface, with long horizontal lenticels, and scaly pubescence on the twigs; hard in texture. Not easy to break, the cross section is flake-shaped, yellowish white. The leaves are alternate, leathery, gray-green, triangular-ovate on the vegetative branches, oval-ovate, and oval-shaped on the flowering branches and fruit branches. The flowers are yellow-green.

The fruit is spherical, yellow or red. The smell is slight and the taste is astringent. [Edit this paragraph] Prescription selection ① Treatment of hepatitis: ivy and soybean grass, decocted in water and taken. (Jiangxi "Handbook of Herbal Medicine")

② To treat rheumatism in joints and waist pain: 3 to 4 qian of ivy stems and roots, decoct half and half of rice wine and water; and wash the affected area with the decoction of water. ("Commonly Used Folk Medicinal Herbs in Zhejiang")

③Treatment of postpartum wind and headache: three qian of ivy, stir-fried with rice wine, add seven red dates, boil in water, take after meals. ("Commonly Used Folk Medicinal Herbs in Zhejiang")

④Treatment of sores and black pits: tie it with a hair rope, pound the juice of the pointed leaves of the pomelo, and mix it with honey and take it in a cup. Pound green onions and apply it around the outside. ("Sheng Hui Fang")

⑤Cure all carbuncles: a handful of dragon scales and lili. Grind it finely, use wine to dissolve the juice, and drink it warmly. It is better to benefit evil things. ("Essentials of Surgery")

⑥Treatment of epistaxis and bleeding: Grind dragon scales and Lili into water and drink it. ("Shengji Zonglu")

⑦ To treat poison and expel pus: one or two pieces of fresh ivy, decoct in water, mix with water and wine and take. (Jiangxi "Herbal Medicine Handbook")

⑧Treatment of boils and carbuncles: 2 liang of fresh ivy, decoction in water: external use: mash fresh ivy leaves, add a little sugar and soju, mash well, and apply externally. (Jiangxi "Herbal Medicine Manual")

⑨ To treat crooked eyes and mouth: five qian for Triangle Feng, five qian for White Wind Vine, and seven qian for Uncaria. Make a pound of wine. Each dose of medicinal wine costs 5 qian, or take an appropriate amount of steamed wine. ("Guiyang Folk Medicinal Herbs")

⑩Treat itchy skin: Triangle Feng whole plant - catty. Boil water and bathe, once every three days, and wash frequently. ("Guiyang Folk Medicinal Herbs")

⑾Treatment of anal prolapse: two to three liang of ivy, boiled in water, fumigated and washed. (Jiangxi "Herbal Medicine Handbook")

This species is a poisonous plant included in the Chinese Plant Atlas Database. Its toxicity is as follows: mice are intraperitoneally injected with 500mg/kg of chloroform extract of branches and leaves, resulting in increased muscle tone, vertical tail, and Deep and slow breathing, clonic convulsions, and death; injection of methanol extract of branches and leaves and chloroform extract of bark at 1000ωg/kg resulted in ptosis, ataxia, loss of righting reflex, and partial death. [Edit this paragraph] Cultivation technology Ivy cultivation and management are simple and extensive, but it needs to be planted in a place with moist soil and good air circulation. Transplantation can be carried out in early autumn or late spring. Pruning is required after planting to promote branching. In the south, it is often planted in the shade of gardens, allowing it to naturally crawl on the ground or on rockeries. There are many potted plants in the north. Potted plants can be tied to various supports and pulled for shaping. They are maintained under a shade shed in summer and placed in a greenhouse for overwintering. The indoor air humidity must be maintained and not too dry, but the pot soil should not be too wet.

Propagate by seeds, cuttings and layerings. Seed propagation: Harvest the fruits when they are ripe, stack them for ripening, soak them in water and rub them, wash the ghost seeds and dry them in the shade, and then sow them or store them in wet sand. Sow them in the following spring. After sowing, cover them with 1cm of soil and cover them with grass to keep them moisturizing. The seedlings are unearthed and set up under a shed to provide shade, and then transplanted or established in the spring of the second year to cultivate large seedlings. Propagation by prying: During the growing season, it is easiest to use twigs with aerial roots to survive. After transplanting, build a plastic film arch to seal it and provide shade. Keep the space temperature at 80%-90%, but the bed soil should not be too wet to avoid cuttings. After it rots, it will take root in about 30 days. Layering propagation: It is carried out in spring and autumn, using the corrugated layering method. After the buried soil part is circumcised, roots can easily take root.

Field management: After spring, the seedlings are transplanted with soil balls. After planting, the main vines should be cut short to promote branching. During the growing season, combine watering with human excrement and fertilizer 1-2 times in the main season, and set up pillars to encourage it to climb upward and grow.

Ivy is mainly propagated by cuttings. All year round, except for the severe cold in winter and the scorching heat in summer, cuttings can be taken at any time as long as the temperature is suitable. Younger branches are mostly used for cutting. Although old branches can also be cut, their roots are poor. Generally, 1-2-year-old branches about 10 cm long are cut as cuttings and inserted into a seedbed with coarse sand or vermiculite as the substrate or directly into a pot with loose culture soil. Before cutting large-leaved Canada ivy, the branches must be immersed in water, and then the cuttings are taken out. After cutting, place it in a relatively high humidity and slightly shady environment to keep the substrate moist. When the temperature is around 15-20℃, it will take about two weeks for roots to take root. The stems of the mother plant can also be cut and planted after they have taken root. Sometimes the stems of the mother plant are buried in the sand and the leaves are exposed. Adventitious roots can occur at each node. After the internodes take root, they can be cut and planted in sections.

Main diseases:

The main diseases include algal leaf spot, anthracnose, bacterial leaf rot, leaf spot, root rot, blight, etc. The most serious pests are leaf roller borers, scale insects and red spider mites.

Prevention and control methods: First, remove dead branches and leaves in late autumn or early spring and promptly cut off diseased branches and leaves and burn them; second, spray 65% ??zinc 600 times liquid for protection before the disease occurs; third, apply fertilizer appropriately and Water, pay attention to ventilation and light transmission; fourth, spray 50% carbendazim or 50% thiophanate 500-600 times in the early stage of the disease, or 75% chlorothalonil 600-800 times. Rust: In addition to the above 1-3 methods, after the onset of the disease, spray 97% sodium chloride 250-300 times (plus 0.1% washing powder), or 25% sodium chloride 1500-2500 times. [Edit this paragraph] The environmental protection effect of ivy: Ivy can effectively resist the carcinogens in nicotine. Through the tiny pores on its leaves, ivy can absorb harmful substances and convert them into harmless sugars and amino acids. The most beautiful thing about ivy is its long branches and leaves. As long as the branches and leaves are placed cleverly, it can bring people a "visual feast". Colorful ivy especially likes to show off its colors in the sun.

[Edit this paragraph] Flower language Ivy - combination of love, loyalty, friendship, emotion

Ivy was considered a magical plant in the past and symbolized the meaning of loyalty. In Greek mythology, ivy represents Dionysus, the god of wine, and has a symbolic meaning of joy and vitality. It also symbolizes immortality and eternal youth.

Ivy---Friendship, marriage, never separation

Ivy is a very beautiful evergreen vine, which indicates that spring will last forever, so it has a beautiful name "Ivy" is deeply loved by people. Giving ivy to a friend means that the tree of friendship will always be green. If a friend is getting married, the beauty of ivy will be indispensable in the bouquet given to the bride. I wish you "a happy wedding and a happy marriage."

Ivy (4/8 birth flower)

Flower language: Influence

Britain in the 16th Before the introduction of hubu flowers in the 19th century, ivy was used to brew beer because mixing it with wheat would turn the wheat into beer. Therefore, the flower language of ivy is - influence.

Anyone born with the blessing of this flower has great influence and can influence other people. Maybe you are suitable to be a politician or entrepreneur? It also has a great influence on lovers, and can subtly change the other person into the type he likes. [Edit this paragraph] The Ivy League (The Ivy League), the American Ivy League

In the United States, "The Ivy League" generally metaphorically relates to institutions of higher learning, but only some schools are recognized as "Ivy League" Ivy League.” The Ivy League is composed of eight schools in the northeastern United States: Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, and Yale University. With the exception of Cornell University, all of these schools were founded before the American Revolution, and each institution has very strict admissions standards. The record of competitive academic and athletic competition between these schools began in the late nineteenth century.