Football tactics is a comprehensive performance of individual and collective cooperation means in order to defeat opponents in the game according to subjective and objective reality. Competition practice has proved that skilled and skillful use of the whole team is an important factor to win.

Football match is made up of the contradiction between offense and defense, and the constant transformation of offense and defense constitutes the whole process of the game. Therefore, football tactics can be divided into offensive tactics and defensive tactics, including individual tactics and collective tactics respectively. The practice of the competition proves that the successful organization and skillful use of tactics are important factors to win the competition. Only by fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses can we defeat the enemy.

The classification list of football tactics is as follows:

1, attack

⑴ Individuals: passing, shooting, dribbling, passing, catching, throwing, getting rid of and running.

(2) Local cooperation: including cooperation, cutting cooperation, two-to-one cooperation and three-person cooperation.

⑶ Team: side, middle, pass, counterattack, etc.

(4) Set-pieces: kick-off, corner kick, goal kick, free kick, sideline kick and penalty kick.

2. Formation: four, two, four; 433; 442; 352; 532; One, three, three and so on.

3. Defense

(1) Personal: man-to-man, seat selection.

⑵ Local coordination: coordination, protection and position compensation of adjacent positions.

⑶ The whole team: area, man-to-man, mixed.

(4) Set-pieces: kick-off, corner kick, goal kick, free kick, sideline kick and penalty kick.

pass the ball

Passing is the basis of collective cooperation and the main means to complete tactical cooperation and create shooting opportunities.

Choosing the passing goal, grasping the passing opportunity and controlling the passing force are the main tactical contents of passing.

Passing can be divided into short pass (within 15m), middle pass (15-29m) and long pass (over 30m). According to the passing height, it can be divided into ground ball, low flat ball and high-altitude ball; According to the passing direction, it can be divided into direct pass, oblique pass, horizontal pass and back pass.

(1) passing target: generally divided into two types: passing to the foot and passing to the air. In the game, passing the ball to the air, especially passing the ball to the front air, can increase the attack speed, effectively break through the defensive line and pose the greatest threat to the opponent, which is the main form. But the game actually needs to be passed to the foot, the middle pass and the back pass. The purpose of these passes is to better control the ball, master the rhythm of the game, and prepare for effective forward insertion and empty pass. Too many passes to the foot, passing and returning the ball can control the ball, but it poses little threat to the opponent; Although the single striker's air pass is fast, it is easy to be seen by the other side, which reduces the success rate of the attack. Therefore, the two must be organically combined and used flexibly to achieve the best tactical effect.

When the ball controller can pass the ball to several players at the same time in the game, it should be passed to the player who poses the greatest threat to the opponent. Generally, players who run forward and run to empty spaces are more threatening, so it is necessary to pass the ball to these empty spaces in time and accurately.

(2) Passing power: it is not conducive to the interception of defensive players, but also to the handling of the ball by the receiver. When passing the foot ball to the partner who is pressed by the opponent, the passing power is stronger; When passing the ball to the empty space, because the ball is required to reach the person, the passing speed should be the same as that of the partner running to the empty space; When passing the ball to the frontcourt space, if the breakthrough player is fast and the defensive substitute player is far away, it is difficult for the opposing goalkeeper to attack and intercept the ball, then the passing force can be greater to give play to the speed of the breakthrough player.

(3) Passing time. Generally, there are two situations:

1. Pass the ball first and catch it in the running position, that is, pass the ball to direct the running position. This kind of pass is mainly passed by the ball controller, and the receiver is commanded to run and catch the ball according to the passing route to carry out the tactical intention. For example, when attacking from one side, it can attract a large number of players from the other side to defend in this area. At this time, the ball controller suddenly transfers the ball to the other side, and the opposing player can insert the space in time for a quick attack. Another example is a quick counterattack. After the ball is intercepted by the ball controller, it is quickly passed to the space behind the defender, and the receiver quickly inserts the space to catch the ball and shoot. This kind of passing must be sudden and fast, and the receiver must run to the passing point quickly, otherwise it will be easily seen by the opponent and the tactics will be difficult to work.

2, first run, then pass, that is, run to guide the pass. This kind of pass is mainly that several receivers run to the empty space at the same time, and the ball controller should choose the most threatening empty space to pass the ball. For example, after an avant-garde gets the ball in midfield, the neighboring avant-garde approaches to meet, the full-back inserts from the side, the center retreats to meet, and the other center inserts into the space behind the center. At this time, the ball controller chooses the space behind the central defender to pass the ball. The best time to pass this kind of ball is at the moment when the partner is about to overtake the opponent. If the ball is passed early and the partner is not close to the opponent, the defender can turn around and get the ball first. If the ball is passed late, it may cause the partner to wait for the ball, and the defender can turn around and intercept the ball in time. If the defender is the penultimate opponent, his partner will also be offside.

Generally speaking, a transmission is a single point and a single line, which has poor concealment, but as long as it is sudden, fast and accurate, it still has certain threats. The second type of passing is multi-point and multi-line, which is the main form of passing, with full choice of passer, greater concealment, difficult defense by defenders and high tactical success rate.

(2) Points for attention in passing the ball

1, observe carefully before passing the ball, and foresee the intentions of the players and defenders.

2. Pass the ball as quickly and concisely as possible.

3. When passing the ball, you should hide your intention and surprise your opponent.

4. Less passes or returns in the backcourt, especially in rainy days.

Shoot (at the goal)

The ultimate goal of football match is to score goals. No attack, no matter how beautifully organized, fails to shoot the ball into the goal, thus losing any meaning.

(1) The shooting must be accurate, sudden and powerful.

Accuracy is the premise of shooting. On the basis of accuracy, we should make a sudden move. It often catches the opposing goalkeeper off guard. Shooting power is also a very important factor, especially for long-distance shooting, which can show its power better.

(B) the use of defensive mistakes to shoot

In the game, the goal rate of shooting is generally low, however, many goals are often obtained from the mistakes of defenders. Therefore, the attacking players should always pay attention to taking advantage of the opponent's mistakes to "miss the target", and at the same time try their best to cause the opponent's defensive mistakes and seize the opportunity of instant shooting.

(3) Create shooting opportunities

In order to get the shooting opportunity, we should not only make use of some mistakes of the opposing team members' defense, or rely on the passing of our companions, but more importantly, we should create the shooting opportunity by actively moving and getting rid of the defense.

(d) shooting ability.

Football match is a continuous and changeable sport. Although each team has a plan to organize an attack, it will be greatly restricted by the other team, which is more obvious than other sports. Therefore, athletes should be good at dealing with various situations when shooting. So players must have good adaptability.

1, according to the technical characteristics of the opposing goalkeeper, attack its weaknesses. If the goalkeeper catches a high ball better than a low ball, shoot more low balls.

2. In view of the goalkeeper's position deviation, it is often difficult for the goalkeeper to defend and make mistakes.

3, according to the actual situation, choose a reasonable shooting method. If it's too late to turn around and shoot, we'll use hook shots and diving top shots.

In short, in today's football match, players rarely have the opportunity to shoot well prepared. Therefore, only by mastering all kinds of shooting techniques can players take contingency measures against all kinds of incoming balls on the spot and seize the shooting opportunity.

Local coordination

Local cooperation refers to the way that two or three players in a local area break through 1 or two defenders by passing the ball.

Local cooperation includes two-person offensive cooperation and three-person offensive cooperation.

Collaborative method of one or two local attacks

The two-person local attack cooperation often used in the competition includes pass-and-cut cooperation, cover cooperation and two-to-one cooperation. The cooperation of local two people is the basis of the overall offensive tactics. Any two players (except the goalkeeper) can use it on any court. The ability of two people to cooperate directly reflects the quality of the team's offensive tactics. The quality of cooperation between the two players is closely related to the technical level and tacit understanding of the players.

Second, the three-person attack coordination method

Three-man attack coordination tactics generally refer to the tactical means adopted when there is a favorable situation of three attacks and two defenses (three strikes and two defenses) in the local area of the competition. When they cooperate, the attack range is wide, and the passing points and routes are generally more than two, so the tactical changes are more than two, and the threat to defense is greater. However, because its cooperation is composed of three people, its complexity and difficulty are greater than two people, so the requirements for the players are correspondingly higher. Three people together can be roughly divided into the following categories:

(1) The second space. A player ran to the favorable space, pinned a defender and made room in the area. The second player quickly inserted into the space and cooperated with the ball controller to beat another defender by passing and cutting.

(2) continuous "two ones". To carry out the "three super two" cooperation, we must do the following:

1 and 3 players are basically triangles. 1 When a player is in possession of the ball, the other two players should pull and insert one by one or insert one by one, without overlapping connection, and in order in time.

2. The ball controller should pay attention to the observation before receiving the pass, so as to choose the most threatening offensive cooperation.

Two people's local offensive cooperation

Collaborative method of one or two local attacks

The two-person local attack cooperation often used in the competition includes pass-and-cut cooperation, cover cooperation and two-to-one cooperation. The cooperation of local two people is the basis of the overall offensive tactics. Any two players (except the goalkeeper) can use it on any court. The ability of two people to cooperate directly reflects the quality of the team's offensive tactics. The quality of cooperation between the two players is closely related to the technical level and tacit understanding of the players.

(1) Belt cutting

1, oblique pass and straight line coordination: the attacker obliquely passes the ball and directly inserts it behind the opponent to catch the ball, breaking through the opponent's defense.

2. Straight pass and oblique insertion: The attacker passes the ball in a straight line, and the receiver inserts a diagonal line from the inside of the opponent's defender to catch the ball behind him.

Requirements: The ball control players use dribbling or other actions to induce the defenders to tackle forward and create conditions for passing the ball. The inserted player suddenly started to catch the ball quickly. But pay attention to the starting time to avoid offside.

(2) Cross-shielding cooperation

The two-person local attack cooperation often used in the competition includes pass-and-cut cooperation, cover cooperation and two-to-one cooperation. The cooperation of local two people is the basis of the overall offensive tactics. Any two players (except the goalkeeper) can use it on any court. The ability of two people to cooperate directly reflects the quality of the team's offensive tactics. The quality of cooperation between the two players is closely related to the technical level and tacit understanding of the players.

(C) Kicking the wall "two in one" coordination method

"Two-one-one" cooperation is a tactical means for two attackers to pass a defender twice in a local area. Kick the wall "two-one-one" (as shown on the left), and the attacker approaches with the ball and passes it to another player's foot. After the player receives the ball, he passes it directly behind the defender, and the receiver quickly cuts in to catch the ball.

1. Requirements for ball control players:

(1) Bring the ball close to the defender and pass it to 2-4m.

(2) It is best to pass the ground ball with moderate strength and the ball is in place.

(3) Quickly cut in immediately after passing the ball and prepare to catch it.

2. Requirements for wall players (that is, to satisfy players):

(1) When the ball control partner approaches the defender with the ball, the squash player should suddenly get rid of the defender and face the attack direction, which is conducive to passing, observing and adapting.

(2) Touch the ball once with moderate strength. Pass the ball in place and try to land it.

(3) Move immediately after passing the ball to find a favorable position to attack again.

(D) Failback to the "211" coordination method

The attacker retreated to catch the ball and the defender pressed hard. The receiver returns the ball after receiving it, and immediately turns around and cuts into the space behind the defender to catch the ball. (as shown on the left)

Requirements: When cutting "2 1 1" with backhand, there should be a certain depth distance, especially in the front and middle area of the restricted area, and it should be estimated that the goalkeeper may come out to cut.

1. Requirements for ball control players:

(1) dribble the ball to the receiver 8- 10 meters away.

(2) Passing the ball under the catcher's hands and feet is slightly stronger.

(3) After receiving the pass, pass it to the defender immediately.

2. Requirements for players:

(1) Retreat and catch the ball realistically, so as to induce the defender to press on.

(2) The return ball should be passed to the foot, and the passing force is slightly larger.

(3) After returning the ball, quickly turn around and insert it behind the defender.

(5) The second vacancy

Three-man attack coordination tactics generally refer to the tactical means adopted when there is a favorable situation of three attacks and two defenses (three strikes and two defenses) in the local area of the competition. When they cooperate, the attack range is wide, and the passing points and routes are generally more than two, so the tactical changes are more than two, and the threat to defense is greater. However, because its cooperation is composed of three people, its complexity and difficulty are greater than two people, so the requirements for the players are correspondingly higher.

The cooperation of the three people can be roughly divided into the following categories: the second space and the continuous "two ones".

The second space. A player ran to the favorable space, pinned a defender and made room in the area. The second player quickly inserted into the space and cooperated with the ball controller to beat another defender by passing and cutting.

(6) Continuous "two ones"

To carry out the "three super two" cooperation, we must do the following:

1 and 3 players are basically triangles. 1 When a player is in possession of the ball, the other two players should pull and insert one by one or insert one by one, without overlapping connection, and in order in time.

2. The ball controller should pay attention to the observation before receiving the pass, so as to choose the most threatening offensive cooperation.

Set-piece tactics

Set-pieces tactics include: kick-off in the middle circle, foul ball, goal kick, penalty, corner kick and free kick. Especially the corner kick and free kick tactics near the penalty area have been paid more and more attention by the world football. This is because the result of the game often determines the outcome of a key game and a set piece. According to statistics, about 40% of the goals come from set pieces. Therefore, we must attach importance to the training of set-piece tactics.

First, free kick attack and defense tactics

Generally speaking, if the tactics are concise, the chances of success will be greater. What can pose a greater threat to opponents is the free kick in the penalty area, but the actual situation of the game tells us that there are fewer free kick opportunities in this area, while there are more free kick opportunities on both sides of the penalty area. Therefore, the free kick near the 30-meter penalty area in the frontcourt is analyzed and described emphatically.

1, direct shooting

Whenever you get a free kick in the middle or both sides of the court, as long as it is possible to shoot, the best way is to shoot directly. With the increase of the number of defenders, it becomes more difficult to shoot directly into the opponent's goal. Therefore, the shooter needs to master the superb skills of kicking the curve ball. At the same time, attacking players often use the method of "blocking" on both sides or in the middle of the opponent's human wall, or arrange themselves in the human wall at the penalty spot, so as to block the goalkeeper's line of sight before shooting, so that he can't see the penalty shooters' movements clearly, and when shooting, these players quickly make room for the shot to pass through the space. For example, 9 is the main penalty, and 4 and 2 are arranged on the side and middle of the human wall respectively. Before nine shots, the goalkeeper was blocked for four times. When shooting, 4 and 2 quickly left the wall, and the ball passed through the gap where 2 left and hit the near corner, making it difficult for the goalkeeper to defend. Of course, this kind of shooting is very difficult.

Step 2 cooperate with the shooting

In the side corner and on both sides of the restricted area, when you can't shoot directly, you should cooperate with the shooting. There are two kinds of cooperation: short pass cooperation and long pass cooperation. However, the number of passes is less, and it is simple and not complicated. Passing and shooting should be coordinated tacitly. In order to avoid that wall, we should distract each other with the illusion of a diversion.

Second, corner kick attack and defense tactics

Attack tactics of corner kick: With the improvement of technology and the development of corner kick tactics, the threat of corner kick is greatly increased. The attack tactics of corner kick can be divided into short corner kick and long corner kick.

Corner defense tactics: When the opponent kicks the corner,10-1person can take part in the defense. A player blocks and limits the effective landing point of the opponent's corner kick at a distance of 8-9 meters.

Third, foul ball attack and defense tactics

There are many times of throwing foul balls in football matches, especially in the frontcourt, which is close to the influence and effect of corner kicks from both sides.

(A) throw foul ball attack tactics

1. Direct return: The receiver directly or indirectly returns the ball to the thrower, and the thrower organizes the attack.

2. Get rid of the catch: get rid of the defense with a sudden shift, catch or insert the catch to launch an attack.

3. Long pass attack: The player who is good at pitching throws a long pass, and the partner cooperates with the attack in front of the opponent's door. For example, throw the ball to the runner, rub the ball with the back of the head after receiving it, and the other two players cooperate with the outflanking to grab the point and attack the door at the same time.

(B) foul ball defensive tactics

1, press the throwing part hard, especially if it is possible to catch the ball, and stare at it.

2, the more dangerous areas and possible space should focus on defense and protection.

3. When the opponent throws the ball in the frontcourt, he should take corresponding defensive countermeasures, send someone in front of the bowler to influence the distance and accuracy of pitching, keep an eye on the key objects and choose a favorable position to defend.

Fourth, shooting tactics.

(1) attack method

1, long pass and short pass: kick the ball out of the organization attack directly.

2. With the cooperation of the goalkeeper's defenders, the goalkeeper serves again.

(B) the defense of free kicks

1, the opponent's big foot should be strictly controlled and protected.

2. When the team's attack is over and the opponent is playing gateball, all the other players should return to the defensive position except the striker who interferes with the opponent's cooperation and slows down the attack speed.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) kick-off tactics

(A) Kick-off attack tactics

1, organizational advancement: use kick-off to control the ball and kick back, looking for offensive opportunities.

2. Long legendary attack: At the beginning of the game, the opponent's thoughts are not concentrated and the position is not good. When there are obvious vacancies, let the opponent be caught off guard with a long legendary attack. Even if this tactic is unsuccessful, it will also cause psychological pressure to the other side.

(B) Kick-off defensive tactics

The main thing is to concentrate the attention of the whole team, choose a good position and guard against the opponent's attack. When the opponent uses short pass to advance, he should act according to the defensive principle and try to win the ball as soon as possible.

6. Penalty attack and defense tactics.

(1) Free throw players

1, shooting accuracy is the main factor, power shooting is the auxiliary factor, and the bottom corner and upper corner of the goal are the best, but there is room for it.

2. Be psychologically stable and have the confidence to make progress.

3. Look at the goalkeeper's position first, and then decide the shooting direction. You can't change your decision easily

(3) the goalkeeper's defense

1, have the confidence to win, and be psychologically stable, because the penalty shooters of the other side are more nervous, and the goalkeeper will not be blamed more.

2. You can deliberately enlarge one side, or you can confuse and interfere with your opponent with fake actions.

3, master the opponent's usual footwork and shooting position and other characteristics, targeted defense.

No matter which direction you shoot, you always jump to a bottom corner, because it is too late to rely solely on the reaction to save.