Medically known as "pigmented nevus", commonly known as boils, is a benign tumor of the skin, which is differentiated from nerve cells. People of different ages and sexes may have boils. Generally speaking, boils are harmless to people, but boils that grow in special parts such as palms, soles of feet and lips need attention. Because these parts are prone to friction, resulting in malignant transformation of boils and malignant melanoma. Therefore, it is suggested that long boils in special parts should be removed in time. This operation can be done in an outpatient clinic. After the operation, it is best to do pathological section in the cut part to observe whether there is any change, whether it is clean, benign or malignant. The boils at the back of the neck may become malignant due to friction. It is best to go to the dermatologist to decide whether surgery is needed. Except boils in special parts, boils in other parts of the body are generally divided into intradermal nevus, crossed nevus and mixed mole. Intradermal nevus is more common, generally protruding on the skin surface, relatively large, relatively round, black, and may have hair on it. This kind of mole is safe and generally does not need treatment. Cross-border moles generally appear at the junction of epidermis and dermis, which are not higher than the skin surface to the touch, generally hairless and relatively dark in color. If this boil is damaged, painful, running water, or surrounded by satellite ovens, it means that it has become malignant and should be removed in time. In addition, it should be reminded not to blindly use laser, Dot mole and other methods to remove boils. Because if the laser is not done well, it looks clean on the surface and can't be completely eliminated in fact; Repeated laser treatment will worsen boils. Dot mole has not been completely removed, and it may become malignant after repeated stimulation. 1. Members of nevus family: those with nevus are generally flat, and nevus cells are located at the junction of epidermis and dermis, with a large number of cells and strong activity, which are prone to malignant transformation. The merged nevus will change from flat to slightly convex hemisphere with smooth surface over time. Because it grows deeper and goes deep into the upper dermis, the color will become skin color or brown-black, and because the activity of black cells is reduced, the probability of malignant transformation is also low. Intradermal nevus evolved from compound nevus. The cells of the nevus grow downward and are completely separated from the epidermis. Clinically, it is convex, brown to fleshy. Second, the principle of laser nevus removal: the huge energy of laser burst instantly acts on the pigment tissue, so that the pigment is crushed, decomposed and swallowed by macrophages and excreted with lymphatic circulation to achieve the purpose of removing pigment. Indications: It has obvious therapeutic effect on various pigments. Such as nevus OTA, pigmented nevus, bad eyebrow tattoo, eyebrow tattoo eyeliner, senile plaque, nevus flammeus, eyebrow tattoo, tattoo, varicose vascular disease, vascular disease, etc. Fourth, postoperative precautions: 1, local wound, can not get wet; 2. Post-operative ulceration and natural shedding in 5-7 days; 3. Review one and a half months after operation; 4. Pay attention to the sunscreen method for removing moles: 1. All the chemicals in the market are cauterized with strong acid or strong alkali chemicals, while Dot mole trichloroacetic acid is used in hospitals, which has a good effect on newly emerging and shallow combined moles, and often leads to sunken scars due to excessive cauterization, or raised scars due to scar formation. 2. Electrocautery is effective for superficial combined nevus and deep and prominent compound nevus. Surgery is not easy to control, and it is easy to produce scars. 3. Freeze the mole with liquid nitrogen. Can effectively remove protruding and flat moles. Because depth control is not easy, it often causes injuries, so now dermatology does not need to treat moles. 4. Surgical resection can be done once and for all. If there is a possible malignant mole, pathological examination can be carried out after resection. Excision is a kind of operation, which requires anesthesia and suture, and the wound is difficult to take care of. 5. Laser gasified nevus has no trace after demobilization except some punctate bleeding after laser surgery. It is only suitable for shallow nevus, because the residual melanocytes under the skin will pop up again and again, and it is a bit difficult to save eyebrows by laser treatment for many times. At present, there are many plastic surgery methods, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. First of all, the doctor should check the state of the mole and make suggestions before making a decision. Electrocauterization: Using the principles of electric heating and high-temperature cauterization, moles caused by cauterization and carbonization are removed. Advantages: simple operation, which can be operated by some beauty salons. Disadvantages: it is difficult to control the degree of burning, and it is easy to leave scars. Indications: nevus with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm. Laser Dot mole method: At present, laser can be used to remove moles on the surface, such as ruby laser, chrome laser or dye laser. If it is a large and deep mole, it should be removed by carbon dioxide ultra-pulse laser. Advantages: Laser nevus removal can control the best spot size and depth, and it is not easy to leave scars and infections. Disadvantages: if the mole is too deep, you may still have to play several times. Indications: Most of them can be used, including deep and shallow nevus. Surgical resection: surgical resection of diseased tissue around nevus. Advantages: this method can choose to partially or completely remove the diseased tissue, and different treatment methods can be carried out according to the nature of hydatidiform mole. Disadvantages: it is difficult and takes a lot of time. This method is rarely used in general moles. Indications: large and prominent nevus with a diameter greater than 0.6 cm. Chemical etching method: generally, 50% triazene carbonic acid solution or sodium hydroxide and other alkaline agents are applied to the nevus. Advantages: Triazole carbonic acid solution is not easy to burn the skin and cause scars; Alkaline solution is corrosive and may take effect soon. Disadvantages: triazole carbonic acid solution acts slowly, and the deeper mole may be 10 times; Sodium hydroxide is not easy to control the corrosion depth, and it is easy to cause deep scars. Indications: Nevus with light color and light position. Freezing method: freeze with liquid nitrogen, so that the tissue of pigmented nevus is frozen at high speed, and the cells around pigmented nevus form water sores, and then fall off on their own. Advantages: The depth of the injury is relatively easy to master, usually once, and it is not easy to cause obvious scars. Disadvantages: large and thick moles can only be taken out after repeated freezing, and special instruments must be equipped, and the doctor's skills are also very important. Indications: Flat nevus with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm, including freckles.

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