Weizhou Island is in the middle of Beibu Gulf in Beihai City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, belonging to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, not a province. Weizhou Island is the largest volcanic island with the youngest geological age in China and the largest island in Guangxi. Its famous landscapes include marine erosion, marine deposits and dissolved rocks.
Weizhou Island used to be a sea of Wang Yang 3 million years ago, and it has been on land since 285 million years ago.
Weizhou Island has experienced many marine storms, earthquakes and tsunamis, and there is also the interaction between seawater and the coast in peacetime, so today's rich and colorful marine erosion, marine deposits and beach landforms have emerged.
Weizhou Island's beaches are mainly wide and flat sandy beaches, generally 15-3 meters wide, and the gravel layer is 4-8 meters thick. There are two new and old sand banks on the northern tide, three layers of sea caves on the southern sea cliff, and two polar sea erosion platforms at the foot of the cliff.
Weizhou Island is rich in landscape resources. The famous scenic spots include Dishui Danping, Crocodile Mountain Volcano Park, Rainbow Beach, etc., as well as Xieyang Island, which is the best place to watch the sun.
There is Shengtang Village which can't be missed. There is a French Catholic church on it, which is very exotic. There are also cultural landscapes such as three old ladies Temple and Notre Dame Temple, and the combination of Chinese and Western is very obvious.
Weizhou Island also has various recreational facilities, such as diving exploration, island exploration, fishing at sea, bathing in the sea and picking up shells, etc. If you have enough time, you can ride around the island, and it is also very pleasant to rent a bicycle to enjoy the beautiful scenery slowly around the island.
the island is shaded by the sun, and the four seasons are fragrant. Three old ladies Temple, Notre Dame Temple and God have their own characteristics. The islanders are hospitable, hardworking and simple, which makes people linger.
The nearest civil airport to Weizhou Island is Beihai, Guangxi, but there are relatively few flights at Beihai Airport, which is inconvenient to take. You can take a flight to Nanning Airport, take the airport bus to Nanning East Station, and then transfer to Beihai. Take a boat from Beihai to Weizhou Island. Brief introduction and detailed information of Weizhou Island
Historical evolution
Weizhou Island belonged to Hepu County in the Han Dynasty, and belonged to Leizhou Shenchuan Inspection Department in the early Tang Dynasty. Since the border of the Song and Yuan Dynasties remained unchanged, Weizhou Inspection Department was established in the 31st year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1294) in Suixi County, that is, "in the island of the eighth capital Boli Village".
Weizhou Island
It still belonged to Xiezhou Prefecture in the early Ming Dynasty. In the seventh year of Hongwu (AD 1374), the inspector moved to Silkworm Village in Suixi, Leizhou, where he was responsible for coastal defense and guarding the pearl pond.
In the sixth year of Wanli (AD 1578), he immigrated from Leizhou to cultivate on the island. In the twenty-eighth year (AD 16), the Guerrilla Department moved to Yongan Station in Hepu County, Lianzhou. Since then, Weizhou has been under the dual jurisdiction of the military administration of Lei and Lian.
From the first year of Kangxi to the eleventh year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1692-186), Weizhou residents were forced to move inward for three times, and the administrative agencies stationed on the island were abolished, but a few "squatters" still stayed. The military control was under the control of Haianying Guerrilla in xuwen county, Leizhou and Longmen Association in Hepu County, Lianzhou, and they were patrolled by two shifts each year.
in the last years of Xianfeng (ad 186), 4 mainlanders came to settle in the island to avoid war, regardless of hardships and the ban of the government.
in the sixth year of Tongzhi (ad 1867), the government reopened the island ban and moved the boatmen and tourists from Leilian prefecture to the island in view of the fact that the local houses on the island had become a reality. At this point, the island, which has been abandoned for hundreds of years, has revived. At that time, the French Catholic forces took the opportunity to set up a church in Shengtang Village, and then built one in Chengzai and one in Xieyang Island, which was the earliest Catholic base in Qinqian area.
in the more than 2 years of Guangxu, Weizhou was officially placed under the jurisdiction of Hepu county from Leizhou, and the Weizhou inspection department was set up. The military establishment was subordinate to Yong 'an camp of Longmen Association.
At the beginning of Xuantong, it belonged to Jinghai Regiment in Hepu County, and set up a "public bureau" civil affairs agency on the island.
From the beginning of the Republic of China to 1931, it belonged to Hepu Jinghai Group and Hepu Second Autonomous Region.
from 1936 to 1949, Hepu county was under the jurisdiction of the second administrative region, the fifth administrative region and the third administrative region.
From September 13th, 1938, Weizhou Island was brutally ruled by the Japanese aggressors for seven years. During this period, the island became a naval and air base where the Japanese aggressors threatened to invade the rear area of South China.
On June 18th, 1945, the people of Weizhou Island rose up to annihilate the remnant bandits, and Weizhou was restored to the township system under the leadership of the county.
On March 6, 195, the People's Liberation Army crossed the sea to liberate Weizhou, and initially established a township people, Zhili County. Since August of the same year, it has been under the jurisdiction of the people of Beihai Town.
in 1953, the third district was established, which was divided into four townships: Huidong, Weixi, Weibei and Nanwan.
in 1959, it was changed to Weizhou commune.
geographical environment and location
Weizhou Island is located in the middle of Beibu Gulf, bordering Beihai City in Guangxi in the north, Leizhou Peninsula in the east, Xieyang Island in the southeast, Hainan Island across the sea in the south and Vietnam in the west. The latitude and longitude range is 2 54'-21 1' n, 19 -19 15' e, with a total area of 24.74 square kilometers.
geology and geomorphology
Weizhou Island is located on the continental shelf along the coast of Guangxi. It used to be a sea of Wang Yang 3 million years ago, and it has been on land since 285 million years ago. Until the early tertiary 5 million years ago, it was still in a dry and hot continental climate. It was not until 25 million that the Beibu Gulf area began to sink on a large scale, forming a shallow sea shelf. By 3 million, the sea water in the northern part of the Beibu Gulf gradually receded. Until 9, years ago, Weizhou Island became land again, showing a state of weathering and erosion. The climate is still warm and humid with occasional droughts. In the early Middle Pleistocene, 9, years later, Weizhou Island was once again below sea level, and it was not until the late Late Pleistocene, 23, years later, that Weizhou Island completely rose out of the sea, showing its present appearance. Between 2.5 million years and 7 years, there were at least four basic volcanic eruptions in Weizhou area, forming the main stratum on the island now. During this period, there have been many marine storms, earthquakes and tsunamis in Weizhou Island, and the interaction between seawater and coast at ordinary times has formed the colorful marine erosion, marine accumulation and beach landforms in Weizhou Island today.
Weizhou Island is approximately circular in shape, about 6 kilometers wide from east to west and 6.5 kilometers long from north to south. Judging from the geological conditions, Weizhou Island is a basalt platform with a slightly undulating surface covered with a thick layer of purple basalt weathering. The topography of the island is high in the south and low in the north, with the highest elevation in the east and west of the island, all about 75 meters above sea level, and gradually inclines to the north, until the elevation in Beigang Village in the north drops to about 2 meters, and then gradually transitions to a flat and wide sandy beach, with relatively simple landform types.
The southern half of Weizhou Island is dominated by marine erosion landforms, with well-developed marine cliffs, caves, platforms and columns. The northern half is dominated by marine landforms, including shati, xuanhu, beach and reef flat. In the marine erosion landform, Nanwan coast is typical. Nanwan was originally a volcanic depression with a break in the south, which was submerged by seawater to form a bay surrounded by volcanic sedimentary rocks. Under the mutual erosion of waves and tides, the rocks near the intertidal zone are destroyed first, and then the sea caves distributed in layers are formed, while the rocks at the upper part of the caves break or collapse along vertical joints after losing support, thus forming steep sea cliffs. The nearly 5km-long bay between the east and the west is covered with such sea cliffs, which are 3-5m high and have a slope greater than 75.
The youngest volcano in China, with intact magma bubbles
The sea erosion platform is a natural platform preserved at the foot of the sea erosion cliff. The sea erosion platform at the foot of Zhuzailing on the east side of Nanwan is not only flat, but also many volcanic bombs and impact craters formed by * * * can often be found on its mesa. Whenever the volcanic bombs on the table are washed away, the waves will carry debris and continue to abrade those pits and pits, making them form large and small barrel-shaped pits. Some hard rock columns sometimes remain on the platform of marine erosion, which is called marine erosion column. Zhuzailing is a huge sea pillar, 35 meters high and less than 3 meters wide, but about 1 meters long.
Weizhou Island's beaches are mainly wide and flat sandy beaches, generally 15-3m wide, and the gravel layer is 4-8m thick, which are laid flat on the upper bank of basalt or exposed by basalt. The intertidal zone is generally wide, and the widest one can reach 15 meters. The subtidal bandwidth is about 6 meters, with coral distribution. Below the coral is the reef flat. Coral residues broken by waves can easily form beach rocks with accumulated glue such as shell gravel. Beach rocks in Beigang area of Weizhou Island extend from Guhu Lake to the upper part of the subtidal zone, covering basalt.
The original crater has become a good deep-water harbor in Nanwan, and the volcano shape is very obvious. The crater is an arc steep wall with a height of 5-8 meters.
Weizhou Island has two new and old sand dikes on the northern tide, three layers of sea caves on the southern sea cliff, and a bipolar sea platform at the foot of the cliff, which reflects that Weizhou Island has been intermittently rising since the Quaternary, and its range can exceed 2 meters.
Climate
Weizhou Island has an average annual temperature of 23℃, frost-free all year round, and an average annual precipitation of 1297mm, with obvious wet and dry seasons, and rainy season from June to September.
Natural Resources Animal Resources
By 212, there were 186 species of birds in Weizhou Island Bird Nature Reserve, belonging to 16 orders and 52 families, accounting for 34.125% of the 543 species of birds in Guangxi. Thirteen species of these birds are listed as threatened by IUCNX, including 3 endangered (EN) species, 6 vulnerable (VU) species and 4 endangered (NT) species. There are 29 species of national key protected birds, including 2 species of first-class protected birds and 27 species of second-class protected birds. Migratory birds (including winter migratory birds, summer migratory birds and traveling birds) account for a large proportion. Among 186 species of birds, there are 172 species of migratory birds. There are only 14 species of resident birds. Among the migratory birds, there are 117 species, 48 species in winter and 7 species in summer.
Plant resources
The main tree species in Weizhou Island are Melia azedarach, Mulberry, Pueraria lobata and Cinnamomum camphora. The newly introduced tree species are mainly Casuarina equisetifolia, Acacia formosana, Leucaena leucocephala and Eucalyptus, etc., which are mainly shelter forests composed of Casuarina equisetifolia and Acacia formosana.
scenic spot crocodile mountain
crocodile mountain scenic spot is located in crocodile hill on the west side of Nanwan, and was approved as a national 4A-level tourist area in December 29. Crocodile Mountain Scenic Area includes Crocodile Mountain Lighthouse, Tangwengtai, Crater Site, Dragon Palace Wondering, Tibetan Turtle Cave, Thief Cave, Wild Animals Roaring the Sea, Eclipsed Arch Bridge, Moon Bay, Coral Sedimentary Rock Scenery, Sea Drinks, Moon Square and other attractions, as well as geological wonders such as volcanic impact crater, ancient tree fossils, water curtain cave, sea pillars and sea piers.
Catholic Church in Crocodile Mountain Scenic Area
Weizhou Island Shengtang Catholic Church is located in Shengtang Village of Weizhou Island, which is a national key cultural relic protection unit and one of the "Four Great Catholic Churches in the Late Qing Dynasty". The church was built in 1853 by foreign missionaries in Paris, France. It took 1 years to build, and the main building was well preserved. The whole building is mainly made of coral sedimentary rocks at the bottom of the sea, and it is built by careful mechanical design. It is a typical Gothic church in Renaissance France. The towering Roman steeple has the momentum of "striking the sky", causing an illusion of "the mystery of heaven". The church is 13.5 meters high, 56 meters long and 17 meters wide. It is made of rocks, coral granules and bamboo tiles, with a building area of 1,5 square meters, and the church can accommodate 1,5 people.
Museum
The museum has a building area of 1,5 square meters and contains a variety of volcanic rocks, corals and marine life specimens. All specimens are annotated with detailed instructions and accompanied by corresponding pictures in the geological park scenic area. There is a propaganda film of Weizhou Island in the image hall, and there is a 4D popular science film in the dynamic hall to show Weizhou Island's marine and geological knowledge.
Rainbow Beach
Rainbow Beach Scenic Area is located on the east coast of Weizhou Island. Almost all the 1.5-kilometer-long coasts in the scenic area are developed with sea cliffs with a height of 2-5 meters, and the cliffs stand tall. The sea erosion platform is spread in front of the sea erosion cliff, which is flat and wide. At low tide, the sea erosion platform with a width of tens of meters to hundreds of meters can be seen. At the junction of sea cliff and sea platform, sea caves with different shapes can be seen everywhere.
Shiluokou
Shiluokou is located in the west of Weizhou Island, and its nearby villages are like stone snails, which belong to coastal landforms. Storm events and geological events are extremely rich in deposits. Volcanic rocks and marine erosion rocks along the coast are rich, strange and weird. A "Wangfu Stone" in the northwest of the beach looks like a beautiful baby standing on the coast waiting for her husband to return.
drip danping
Weizhou Island "drip danping" is located in Dishui Village in the west of Weizhou Island. The formation of the dripping Danping is a miracle of the volcanic landscape in China. The cliffs formed by rocks are marine erosion landforms. The rock formations of * * * are red, yellow, purple, green and blue, and the texture is extremely clear. The Brawly is wrapped around the cliff top, and the red flowers and green leaves are hanging upside down, showing a beautiful color. Take "Danping". Water drops have been surging on the cliff for many years, constantly dripping down the cliff, so it is named "dripping water".
Ocean Park
Guangxi Weizhou Island Coral Reef National Ocean Park, located in the southern waters of Beihai City, is one of the 1 national marine parks approved for construction in China, with a total area of 2,512.92 hectares, including 1,278.8 hectares of key protected areas and 1,234.84 hectares of moderate utilization areas. The coral reefs in Weizhou Island are mainly distributed in the north, east and southwest of Weizhou Island. It is the only coral reef group along the coast of Guangxi and an important part of the offshore marine ecosystem in Guangxi. Coral belongs to 26 genera, families and 43 species. Coral reef ecosystem is a characteristic ecosystem in the South China Sea, with high biodiversity and high productivity.
Weizhou Island Lighthouse
Weizhou Lighthouse is located at the top of Weizhou Island. It was established in 1956, originally with an iron frame structure, and was converted into a stone tower in 1969. In 22, Guangdong Maritime Safety Administration allocated more than 1 million yuan to rebuild Weizhou Lighthouse, which is 22 meters high and has a spiral staircase, which is convenient to climb up and down. The steps are paved with red granite surface, with white tiles on the inside and white imitation brick on the outside. Lighthouse adopts high-grade aluminum alloy rigid glass watertight window, which is corrosion-resistant and waterproof; Ventilation holes are skillfully opened at the bottom of the tower and the bottom plate of the cantilever room, so that the interior of the lighthouse is ventilated for a long time; Shanghai copper lanterns are installed at the top of the tower, with a light range of 18 nautical miles; The upper part of the lighthouse is designed with an observation platform, which can enjoy the scenery of the whole island.
Weizhou Island Lighthouse Development and Construction
In December 21, the management committee of Haicheng District and Weizhou Island Tourism Resort formulated the Weizhou Island Tourism Resources Development and Ecological Environment Protection Plan and other related plans, and successively invested more than 7 million yuan to build and improve the National Geopark Monument, Theme Square, Volcano geological museum, Crater Park and Dishuidanping.
Layers of volcanic landforms
In 21, the Development Plan of Weizhou Island Tourist Area in Beihai was approved and implemented, and Weizhou Island became the second island in China to develop international high-end leisure and holiday tourism after Hainan Island.
in March 211, Beihai