First, the propagation method of Abies australis
1. Sowing: Seedlings cultivated by sowing Abies australis are robust and suitable for mass reproduction. Generally speaking, in July and August, in order to promote germination, the seed coat of newly picked seeds should be destroyed first, otherwise the seeds will rot easily if they are left in the soil for a long time, and then the treated seeds will be hit on the sand bed and covered with fine sand of about 1.5~2 cm. Under the condition of maintaining 25~28℃ and a certain humidity, it germinates for about 2~3 weeks and is cultivated immediately after germination.
2. Cutting: When cutting Taxodium ascendens, if the main shaft or long branches are selected as cuttings, the crown of the plant will easily become crooked and can only grow horizontally, which will affect the ornamental value. Cut off 2~3 sections of the front end of robust branches that are easy to take root as cuttings, remove some leaves, soak them in clear water overnight, and then insert them into a sand bed with coarse sand as the substrate, and keep rooting for about 3 months under the conditions of 20~25℃ and high air humidity.
Second, the bonsai production of Australian fir
1. The best substrate for potted Chinese fir is a mixture of garden soil, humus soil and sphagnum moss, and most of the potted plants are small seedlings. Choose a suitable potted plant according to the size of the seedlings. Australian fir likes diffuse light and should be placed in a bright place in the cabin. Keeping it in the dark for a long time and moving it to the sun every few weeks can keep the beauty of dark green leaves. The growing season is long, and it can grow all year round except that the temperature exceeds 32℃ in summer.
2. Australian fir should be watered more from spring to autumn, but don't accumulate water in the basin. When drying at high temperature, please spray water on potted plants and nearby floors to cool and humidify. Do not water the soil after it is dry. After the end of autumn, in order to improve the cold tolerance, the water gradually decreased. Fertilize once every two weeks in the growing season, and compound fertilizer containing nitrogen and potassium is suitable. Insufficient supply of fertilizer makes the branches and leaves turn yellow easily.
3. During the growth of Taxodium ascendens, in order to prevent the trunk from leaning to one side, rotate the flowerpot once every half month to make the plants receive light evenly. In addition, the trunk of young trees is fragile and easy to bend and deform, so it is better to fix the trunk from the column of young trees. In order to prevent plants from growing too tall, the flowerpots should be replaced every 2~3 years after the spring is warm. Usually, we should pay attention to protect the lateral branches to avoid damage and affect the plant shape.
4. Australian fir bonsai usually grows naturally without pruning branches. The optimum growth temperature is 10~25℃, and the overwintering temperature is above 5℃. You can give some light in the wintering season, and the soil should not be too dry. Spray water on sunny days to increase humidity.
Three, Australian fir four seasons conservation
1. Spring: Change pots when the minimum temperature in spring is stable above 10℃. General Chinese fir cultivation methods and precautions should be changed every 2~3 years 1 pot. It is best to choose fertile, loose and well-drained sandy soil for basin soil.
2, summer: Australian fir is resistant to high temperature, but not to the scorching sun. Under the strong light, the leaves are old and green, which is not conducive to viewing. Summer should be arranged in a bright place, the basin soil should be kept moist, the number of water sprays should be increased, the air humidity should be improved, and ventilation should be paid attention to.
3. Autumn: After the temperature is cool in autumn, gradually increase the light, keep the soil moist, and stop fertilization. Before the temperature drops in late autumn, Australian fir can move to the external shelf on the balcony and receive proper low-temperature exercise. Proper cold-resistant exercise is beneficial to overwintering, but it cannot be attacked by frost. After the temperature drops, pay attention to the room temperature above 5℃, and move the Australian fir to a closed balcony with light to make the basin soil moist and dry.
4. Winter: Abies australis is not cold-resistant, and the balcony temperature can reach above 5℃. Ensure sufficient light, keep the basin soil moist and dry, and do not apply fertilizer. When it is sunny in winter and the temperature is high at noon, spray the leaves and the surrounding area several times. When using air conditioner, the spraying frequency should be increased because of the low air humidity.