The basic research of replantation of severed limbs began in the early 1960s. 1963 65438+ 10, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital successfully completed the world's first replantation of severed limbs, which was called a miracle in the history of human medicine at that time. In the late 1960s, the replantation of severed fingers with more accurate technical operation was successful again. After more than 20 years' efforts, the replantation technology of severed limbs and fingers in China has made a series of breakthrough progress and is in the leading position in the world. At present, the focus of research is how to continue to improve the survival rate of replantation and strive for good functional recovery. On the basis of replantation of severed limbs and fingers, microsurgical techniques have been continuously developed, and new operations and techniques have emerged. 65438-0965 It is successful to reconstruct the defective thumb with free transplantation of big toe abroad. The following year, Shanghai Huashan Hospital carried out the second case of thumb free transplantation and reconstruction, which made microsurgery enter the stage of reconstruction. Various surgical methods such as free flap with blood vessels, myocutaneous flap transplantation, bone-to-bone flap transplantation, joint transplantation, nerve transplantation, and microlymphatic anastomosis have also been gradually developed and achieved good results. In recent years, on the basis of single tissue transplantation, multi-tissue composite tissue transplantation from the same donor site and multi-tissue composite tissue transplantation from different donor sites have been carried out for some complex cases, in order to repair the missing tissue in the recipient site and rebuild its function and appearance. At present, microsurgery technology has been widely used in various fields of surgery.