(1) Plastic pruning

①Pruning

Hawthorn is suitable for a variety of shapes, especially tree stumps of different shapes and ages. Shaping, creating various forms of potted trees based on the original tree shape. And after shaping, it can not only increase the beauty of the potted tree, but also help control the tree body so that it can grow and produce normal results.

Hawthorn branches are brittle and hard, and can easily break at the bend when the branches are shaped. Therefore, timely shaping is very important. According to practical exploration, when the sap first begins to flow in early spring, the branches have less water content and stronger toughness, which is a favorable period for intensive branch pulling and shaping operations.

②Pruning

In order to make the tree compact and fruitful through various pruning methods such as cutting, thinning, spreading, wounding and shrinking based on the original tree shape. Balance, keep the tree posture moderate, and make the tree posture more perfect. Pruning can be carried out during the dormant period and the growing season. Pruning should be carried out in a timely and reasonable manner according to the short growth time of hawthorn new shoots, the early stoppage of production, the age of the tree, the strength of the tree, etc.

③Pruning of saplings

According to the characteristics of the top and upper buds of hawthorn saplings, the growth potential is strong, but the lower buds are not easy to germinate, and only a few longer and strong branches appear under the cut. In order to make young trees have more branches, control vigorous branches, prevent the bare strips from elongating, and form early, the following principles should be mastered:

Pruning during the dormant period

The main trunk of hawthorn saplings It should be short rather than high, the branch angle should be large rather than small, and strong branches should be short rather than long. When pruning, pruning should be done at the middle and lower parts of upright branches and strong branches, and heavy branches on the back should be shortened or flattened. In order to increase the number of branches, the branches should be cut short or flattened. No sparseness or less sparseness of branches is appropriate.

Pruning during the growing season

When the strong branches at the apex grow to about 20 cm, leave 4 to 6 leaves for pruning, which can suppress the front and promote the back, control the strength and promote the weakness. The effect is to cut off the new shoots that are too strong and upright to promote their branching.

④Pruning of fruit-bearing trees

Hawthorn flower buds are mostly borne at the tips of strong branches and form the mother branches for fruiting in the next year. Many thin and weak branches are often formed. Therefore, the pruning of fruit-bearing trees should keep the tree vigor moderate, the tree shape stable, thick, short, strong fruit-bearing branches and strong continuous fruiting ability, which can achieve high and stable yields.

Pruning during the growing season: It is easy for hawthorn potted trees to bloom, but often results in excessive fruiting, which affects the next year's fruiting and results in alternate-year fruiting. When pruning, the amount of fruit can be adjusted by thinning the inflorescences so that the ratio of fruiting branches to vegetative branches reaches about 1:2. For potted trees with weak growth potential, the number of fruiting branches should be appropriately reduced to a ratio of about 1:3.

For new shoots with latent buds, when the number of branches is insufficient and the space is large, they can be cut and retained to cultivate new fruiting branches. Otherwise it should be removed as soon as possible. Top off individual long branches to prevent them from growing too long and damaging the tree shape.

Pruning during the dormant period: mainly thinning and shrinking. That is, thinning out thin and weak branches and overly crowded branches to preserve strong, medium and short branches; retraction is to cut off branches that affect the shape of the tree and extend too long, and leave a branch with appropriate direction under the cut. Branches to facilitate rejuvenation.

(2) Flower promotion and fruit preservation technology

①Flower promotion

It is easier for potted hawthorn to bloom, as long as the new shoots are strong, stop growing in time, and do not cause Autumn shoots generally form flower buds at their tops. Therefore, promoting strong branches and timely stop growth is the basis for the formation of flower buds.

In order to make the branches strong and promote the formation of sufficient flower buds, fertilizer and water management from germination to early flowering is the key. At this time, the water supply is sufficient and the proportion of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is appropriate, and the purpose can be achieved. The commonly used method in production is: dilute 1:0.7:1 nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers into a 0.2% to 0.3% solution, apply once every 7 to 10 days, and apply 2 to 3 times. Then use 150 times the organic fertilizer (sesame paste residue, bean cake, etc.) liquid fertilizer, apply once every 7 days and apply 2 to 3 times.

②Control fertilizer and water

After mid-July, control the supply of nitrogen, appropriately reduce the frequency of watering, inhibit the formation of autumn shoots, reduce nutrient consumption, and promote the formation of flower buds.

③Fruit preservation

Spray gibberellin at a concentration of 40 to 60 mg/L during the blooming period of hawthorn potted trees, and then spray again every 3 to 5 days, and spray continuously 2 to 3 times can increase the fruit setting rate by 20% to 50% and significantly increase the size of the fruit. When using gibberellin, its concentration must be strictly controlled. If it is too high, it will easily cause the branches to grow and affect the formation of flower buds.