Maintenance method of potted guava
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Guava likes light and is more resistant to shade. Potted plants can be placed in sunny places such as balconies to ensure sufficient sunshine. If the light is insufficient, it will affect the growth of the plant and is not conducive to its pregnancy.
water
Do it as soon as you see it, and water it too wet at ordinary times to avoid root rot and plant death.
land
Guava has low requirements on soil, so it is suitable to choose loose and fertile sandy loam with good ventilation and drainage.
Fertilize soil or land
Guava generally needs to be fertilized about 4-5 times a year, mainly with organic fertilizer.
Eliminate pests and diseases
To prevent and treat canker and damping-off disease, jujube paste can be applied to the wound for prevention and treatment; For the control of anthracnose, coke rot and soot, 50% zineb or 75% chlorothalonil can be sprayed for 800 times, which can achieve good results.
For the control of aphids, mealybugs and other pests, 40% spray and 1000 times solution can achieve good results. For the control of main pests such as peach fruit borer, 2,000 times of 2.5% Kung Fu EC was sprayed to kill them.
Breeding of potted pomegranate
Pomegranate: alias pomegranate, sea pomegranate, pomegranate family. Deciduous shrubs or small trees have needle-like branches with long obovate or oblong leaves and are glabrous. May-June flowering, mostly vermilion, but also yellow and white. Berries are nearly spherical, with a maturity of 9- 10 month. Exocarp is translucent and juicy; Endogenous leather. Originated in Iran and its surrounding areas.
1. Growth habit: Pomegranate is a positive plant and likes sunshine. Pomegranate needs sufficient light and water throughout the growing season. Pomegranate is not afraid of strong light, but insufficient light affects plant growth, affects pomegranate bud germination and growth, and even leads to poor flowering and fruiting.
2. Cutting propagation: Cutting new pomegranate seedlings can blossom and bear fruit in the same year. The growth of the first "trunk" of seedlings, premature flowering will affect the results, and it is also not conducive to the growth of stems. Newly planted pomegranate should have its flower buds removed in the first few years to promote the growth and strength of its stem. After 4 ~ 5 years, there will be fewer flowers and 5 ~ 7 fruits. At this time, the fruits will be big. The future will gradually increase year by year, and we should not be greedy. Too many flowers and fruits will lead to scattered nutrition and not easy to grow up, which will seriously affect the germination and growth of the next year.
3, watering: water control and fruit protection Pomegranate is not strict with water requirements and can resist short-term drought. As long as the water permeability of the basin soil is good, the water has little effect. Only when the water is big, the branches and leaves will grow white, the fruit will fall at the beginning, and the epidermis will crack after the fruit matures, which will affect the ornamental value.
4, reasonable pruning, the newly planted pomegranate should not be overweight in the past few years. After 3 ~ 4 years, it should be pruned once before dormancy in late autumn and basically pruned before germination in the following spring. The first fruit setting is much less, and the mother branches that affect the tree shape can also be pruned. After flowering and fruit setting, some new delicate branches and useless branches should also be pruned in time.
5, fertilizer and water management: rational fertilization pomegranate is barren-resistant but fertilizer-loving, and it is appropriate to plant loose, breathable and fertile sandy loam. During the growth period, we should pay attention to applying thin fertilizer frequently, mainly phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, but not more nitrogen fertilizer, so as to avoid the excessive growth of branches and leaves affecting flowering and fruit setting. In addition, in late autumn, the leaves are fully fertilized before falling, and then dormant to promote their germination in the next spring, and the branches are quickly and robustly pulled out.
6. Harvest after autumn: After late autumn, the temperature drops, the green leaves turn yellow and start to wither and fall off, and the fruits hang on the branches. It's best to pick fruits in dormancy period, and immediately after the Spring Festival at the latest, so as to reduce the nutrient consumption of fruit branches and ensure that fruit trees shoot branches and grow leaves as early as possible in spring.
7. Flowering management: During flowering, windproof pomegranate fruit is the most taboo, especially when the wind increases the rain, which is very harmful. Some of the light ones were dropped, and the heavy ones were lost. Therefore, preventive measures must be taken during the fruit-setting period to ensure that the fruit is safe and sound.
Cultivation techniques and methods of potted pomegranate
1 rapid production of small bonsai by cutting and wrapping mud on main branches
Old and weak pomegranate trees with low fruit-setting rate and no yield-increasing potential were selected, and the tree types were observed 7- 10 days before the rainy season in the first half of June. According to the height, thickness and branch size of the tree, select the connecting line between the thick branch and the trunk for ring cutting, with a width of 0.5-0.8cm and a short top, leaving 3-5 branchlets, then cover the wound with mud as much as possible, and wrap it in a plastic bag for external use. Treat other major branches in the same way. Generally, each pomegranate can make 3-5 bonsai. Before the rainy season, pay attention to prevent the soil from drying, and replenish water in time, so that the ring cutting place can take root after 10-20 days, and after 30 days, it can be divided into plants, planted in flowerpots and trimmed properly, and then placed in flower beds for management and sales.
2. Dry cutting, piling and storing branches to expand bonsai
The trunk is thick, suitable for large bonsai, with long period but high price. Generally speaking, it goes through the following steps:
2. 1 plastic surgery
According to the morphological characteristics of the old tree, the tree art design is carried out, and then it is cut off at a proper height, and the hidden buds on the side of * * * grow sprouting branches; Keep several branches as needed, and erase the extra sprouted branches. When the new branch grows to 5- 10cm, cut off most of the main roots and branched roots of the old tree, leaving only a few fine roots, watering to keep the soil moist, and using stumps to generate new roots in the shallow soil layer. Because the old roots store a lot of nutrients, the new branches just grow fast, so we should control the water and fertilizer to prevent crazy people. When the branch thickness reaches 70% of the ideal thickness, the branch should be cut short to inhibit elongation and promote its thickening for plastic surgery.
In spring, the stump grows 1 year, and can be planted in flowerpots in the following spring. Design the shape and choose the flowerpot before planting. Among them, modeling is very important and should be carefully conceived. The following is the tree I used in my production.
2.2. 1 direct dry type. The trunk is tall and straight, graceful and graceful, and the branch height is 20 ~ 30cm, so it is natural and unrestrained.
2.2.2 Inclined dry type. The trunk leans to one side, the distribution of branches and leaves is natural and orderly, and the balance of trees is imposing, which is more poetic than the upright trunk.
2.2.3 Bending dry type. The trunk is twisted and the tree shape is changeable, which can be trimmed by methods such as binding, twisting and bending.
2.2.4 Horizontal dry type. The main part of the trunk is lying on the basin surface, which is a fake tree that was hit by lightning and blown down by the wind. It is a tree-shaped old stone monster, full of wild interest.
2.2.5 Cliff style. The trunk droops like a downward growing pine or wisteria. Choose this type when the stump is tall and straight.
Dry type. Trunk withered, branches and leaves are still lush, such as dead trees in spring. Choose this type when the stump is thick and short.
Double dry type. A wooden double stem should be a high one and a low one, and a leaning one is beautiful.
2.2.8 Co-planting type. When petite stumps are difficult to shape, two or more pomegranate trees can be planted together in 1 pot. Usually, varieties with different colors and fruit colors are planted together, and the flowers are mature, red and white, gorgeous and unique.
2.2.9 Types of attached stones. Pomegranate trees are planted in the cracks of stones, rooted in the soil, and look like trees growing on rocks from a distance. They can be matched with a lake at the foot of the mountain, which is simple, natural and vivid. After matching the appropriate flowerpot according to the shape, planting is simple. Because the shallow root system suitable for the growth of flower pots has grown when the stump is cultivated, it only needs to be matched with fertile and loose pot soil. The soil layer should not be too thick, accounting for about 2/3 of the height of the basin. Roots should be flush with the soil surface, and the soil should be compacted and watered. After underwater infiltration, the surface should be covered with dry soil to moisturize and planted in a semi-shady place. Generally, it is not advisable to water before germination, so as to raise the soil temperature and promote rooting.
3 Post-management
After the shape is determined, the next step is to "light up" the viewing points of potted pomegranate flowers and bright fruits. Generally, the nutritional conditions of potted pomegranate are difficult to meet the requirements of large fruit and many fruits, so the management should first focus on more flowers and fewer fruits. Therefore, the management should focus on the flower bud differentiation period.
3. 1 foliage management
When the new shoots grow to 10 ~ 15 cm, they should be picked, and the length should be controlled to promote flowering. Adventitious buds sprouting from trunk, main branches and roots affect modeling and ventilation, and should be removed in time. In order to dwarf the trees, 200 times of 15% paclobutrazol solution can be sprayed 2-3 times in the prosperous period of new shoots, which is beneficial to control the length, promote flowering and achieve the effect of shrinking the dragon by one inch.
3.2 Fertilization
Pomegranate likes fertilizer, so it should be fully fertilized when planting, and topdressing should be carried out several times in each phenological period during the growing period to supplement the nutrients needed for plant growth. Mainly apply nitrogen fertilizer in spring, mainly apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in autumn, or water with fully decomposed liquid such as bean cake and chicken and duck manure, apply fertilizer on the leaves for 3-5 times during the growth period, and spray 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to supplement soil fertilization.
3.3 watering
Pomegranate tree is a drought-tolerant tree species, and it is easy to grow white when there is more water. Generally don't water it, but water it thoroughly when you fall into the water. It is not fertilization after rain, but watering after fertilization; During flowering and fruit setting, keep proper drought to prevent falling flowers and fruits.
3.4 Flower and Fruit Management
Pomegranate likes sunny and warm environment. Throughout the growing period, flowerpots should be placed in sunny and ventilated places. During the flower bud differentiation period, it is beneficial to the formation of flower buds to keep the basin soil properly dry.
4. Make clustered bonsai with rootstock seedlings.
For pomegranate trees with healthy plants and vigorous growth, some tillers will grow in the root system of the tree disk every year. Roots and tillers growing after fruit-setting period have little effect on fruit growth. You can keep it and cut it short to promote the growth of lateral branches, form clustered seedlings, and separate it from the mother plant next spring to make clustered bonsai, which is also a good way to increase the income of orchards. Journalists are anonymous.