The level of youth and employees in enterprises and institutions can be relaxed to 2 1 year, and college degree or above can be relaxed to

22-year-old young woman 18- 19 years old in 2006. In order to meet the needs of soldiers, according to

The 65,438+07-year-old young women and high school graduates voluntarily collected in 2006 include

Young men who graduated from vocational schools, technical secondary schools and technical schools all joined the army.

Height: the height of male is not less than 162 cm, and that of female is not more than 160cm.

Weight condition: the male's weight shall not exceed 25% of the standard weight and shall not be lower than 15% of the standard weight. woman

The weight shall not exceed 15% of the standard weight and shall not be lower than 15% of the standard weight. standard test weight

= (height-1 10) kg].

Vision condition: The naked vision of the right eye and left eye of land personnel shall not be less than 4.9.

4.8。 Secret service personnel's naked eye vision is not less than 5.0. Green education after graduating from high school.

The naked eye vision of the right eye is not less than 4.8, and the naked eye vision of the left eye is not less than 4.6. Corrected vision is not less than

5.0。 Young college students with college education or above, relaxed physically and mentally, with naked vision in the right eye.

4.6, the left eye vision was relaxed to 4.5.

Physical examination method for citizens applying for enlistment

operate

(1) Asking about medical history

Should focus on the investigation, requiring no low back pain, joint pain, trauma or surgical history.

(2) anthropometry

(male nude, female underwear shorts)

Height: Check that the height board, pillow, hip and heel are close to the feet at three points, and the altimeter is horizontally close to the feet above the head, and record centimeters.

2. Weight: Before the test, the weight of the pedal center should be corrected to zero to prevent intentional shaking or forced pressure, and recorded in the weight standard table in kilograms according to the length (attached) to determine overweight and weight loss.

(3) Visual inspection

The theme is upright, the upper limbs extend horizontally forward, and the palms are down. The front body back button is used to observe the development of objects, nutritional posture, color of nails and skin, tattoos, skin diseases, obvious deformities and abnormalities. Then tell his subjects to observe the existence of gait abnormality back and forth.

(4) Joint inspection

1, neck: do flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation. Pay attention to stiff neck and torticollis.

2. Shoulder flexion, abduction and extension are performed twice each, 3 times each time, and the shoulder joint rotates back and forth. Observe the movement of shoulder joint, whether there is habitual dislocation and dysfunction.

3. Bend the elbow and rotate internally and externally for 3 times. Check elbow flexion and extension and forearm rotation.

4. Wrist flexion and rotation several times. Check the flexion, extension and rotation function of wrist joint.

5. The palm and bending index of finger joints are times. Check the movement of each joint of your fingers.

6. Lower limb joints: put your hands on your head, your feet on the west side of Xinghua Street, chest and abdomen, and squat down for three times without jumping for further inspection, and pay attention to whether there is obvious capture (if there is obvious snap-up McNamara test, you should follow the quadriceps femoris or not contract tenderness). Check the function of hip, knee, ankle and toe joints.

7. The spine bends forward, stretches backward and bends sideways, and the pelvis is fixed and rotated left and right. Observe whether there is movement limitation and deformity.

(5) Physical examination

Head:

(1) plane: Observe whether there is vitiligo, scar, hemangioma and superficial muscle paralysis.

(2) Occipital region: Observe whether there is tinea capitis, traumatic keloid, skull defect and depression.

Neck: Torticollis, goiter, dermatosis watch. Touch the thyroid, clavicle, neck, submandibular, ear and other lymph nodes to check for nodules, swelling and tenderness.

Simple goiter judgment:

Me: Thyroid gland is palpable, less than 3cm in diameter.

Degree II: Thyroid swallowing can be found by visual inspection and palpation, with a diameter of 3-5CM.

ⅲ: Swallows can find that the thyroid gland is 57 cm in diameter.

Ⅳ degree: The symptoms of head and neck lymphadenopathy are very obvious. Appearance, the diameter of 7-9CM has changed.

ⅴ degree: Thyroid enlargement, the diameter is obviously larger than 9 cm, and most of them are accompanied by nodules.

3. Check the axillary lymph node enlargement and pay attention to underarm odor.

Judgment of mild bromhidrosis: With naked eyes, you can smell body odor when you check it.

4. Chest: Observe the symmetry of the chest, whether there are deformities, tumors or scars.

Normal bust (cm) = 1/2 height (cm) 8 cm.

Chest width: less than 1/2, height 10cm.

The difference between the transverse diameter and the front and rear diameter of chicken breast and barrel breast is less than 5cm.

Flat chest: the diameter difference between front and back of the driver is greater than 10cm.

Between normal, narrow chest, chicken chest, bucket chest, funnel chest and flat chest were formed, and the chest was diagnosed as mild thoracic deformity.

5. Abdominal and genital dysplasia: wristwatch, scar, hernia, swollen inguinal lymph nodes, varicocele, hydrocele of testis, epididymal nodules, phimosis, scrotal eczema, tinea cruris and sexually transmitted diseases.

Judgment of varicocele;

Mild: scrotum is normal in appearance, scrotum skin is tight, a few varicose veins and scrotum can be seen, which increases abdominal pressure, no obvious swelling of veins, and soft vein wall is palpated.

Moderate: scrotal skin is taut, varicose veins are found by palpation, veins are slightly thickened, abdominal pressure is increased, veins are soft, tortuous and slightly swollen.

In severe cases, the scrotal skin is tight, and scrotal masses, tortuous veins, stiff and hypertrophy of vein wall by palpation, or testicular atrophy can be seen.

6. Anal: The subject stands with his back to the examiner, with his legs apart, his knees straight and bent forward, and his hands touching the ground. The examiner shall separate his hips with his hands, remind the examiner of the abdominal pressure and dentate line, and observe whether there are anal fissure, anal fistula, hemorrhoids, proctoptosis and tumor abnormalities.

7. Lower limbs: Observe the symmetry of both lower limbs. If they are so long, is there genu valgus (O-shaped and X-shaped legs), varicose veins and deformity?

Measurement of unequal length of lower limbs: the examinee lies on his back on a hard bed, his legs are straight and close together, and the extension line of the trunk's long axis should pass between his feet. Measure the length of the anterior superior iliac bundle on both sides of the medial malleolus with a steel tape or a soft ruler. A record in centimeters.

Measurement of genu varus: the subject stands upright, the medial malleolus is close together, the degree of skin, and the distance between the two femoral condyles is measured. A record in centimeters.

Measurement of genu valgus: The subject stands upright, the two femoral medial condyles are close together, and the distance between the medial malleolus of tibia is measured by skin. A record in centimeters.

Determination of varicose veins:

Mild: local columnar dilatation or trunk dilatation of veins of lower limbs, no thinning of vein wall, normal skin and no local complications.

The leg vein is severely nodular or cystic, tortuous and lumpy, with a wide range, accompanied by local vein wall thinning. Complications such as local malnutrition, ulcer, eczema, edema, skin pigmentation or acute inflammation.

8, arch foot: observation, pay attention to the presence of calluses, corns, chapped, etc.

9, scar constitution: often secondary to trauma, burns, chemical wrist injuries, scars higher than the skin surface, tough and elastic, pink color, smooth and hairless skin surface, no scars, telangiectasia, sweating, conscious itching or burning pain can be seen.

10, sexually transmitted diseases and others

(1) Scope: The "standards" mentioned in various diseases shall prevail.

(2) Inspection: mainly check suspicious related laboratory tests, and ask about medical history and symptoms (investigation).

After the national AIDS prevention and control is confirmed, relevant laboratory tests should be carried out in areas with high drug incidence. Asking about medical history

Medical science

( 1)

It should be a systematic arrangement, asking while checking. Ask about fever, chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, palpitation, abdominal pain, diarrhea, frequent urination, dysuria, enuresis, low back pain, swelling, joint pain, headache, insomnia, psychosis, family history of psychosis, infectious diseases, etc.

(2) measuring blood pressure

The measurement of sitting posture is based on the brachial artery pressure of the right upper limb. The first time I heard knocking at the door, my systolic blood pressure relaxed and my heart suddenly changed tone.

If the blood pressure is too high or too low, you can check it 2-3 times, at least half an hour apart, and check it the same day.

(3) Chest examination

1, observe the chest breathing evenly.

2, lung examination: take a sitting position or supine position.

Vertex starts from percussion instrument, compares symmetrical parts from top to bottom, and then returns to percussion instrument.

Auscultation: compare the chest, back and symmetrical parts on both sides from top to bottom, and pay attention to whether there are breathing sounds, rales and pleural friction sounds.

3. Heart examination: Take the supine position and pay attention to the heart boundary, heart sound, heart rate, heart rate and whether there is any abnormality.

Physiological and pathological systolic murmurs

Physiological and pathological

The auscultation area of mitral or pulmonary valve and the auscultation area of each valve.

Time occurs in the early recognition of step contraction, and the uncovered first sound accounts for most or all of the covered first sound during contraction.

The intensity of noise is usually lower than level II.

Class ⅲ hair with soft noise, like rough hair or thunder.

Conduction is often limited and the range of conduction is wider.

When the variation is easy to change, through breathing, persistence, little change, no breathing,

The change of posture affects BR/& gt；;

Tap: Generally speaking, the order is from left to right, from outside to inside, and from top to bottom. Measure the starting point of each intercostal voiced sound at the midline of the sternum at the heart margin, and measure the straight line distance when bending on the chest wall with a ruler.

Auscultation: mitral valve orifice area (apex), tricuspid valve area, auscultation area? Aortic valve, pulmonary valve, aortic valve area? The order of. If a heart murmur is found, the website should judge it according to the murmur, intensity, nature, length, time range, posture and breathing changes.

Physiological systolic murmurs generally do not exceed Grade II in apical area, Grade III in aortic valve area and me in pulmonary valve area. Soft murmurs, hairlike and conduction-limited diastolic murmurs are mostly pathological murmurs, and the loudness is only divided into "mild" or "loud".

Judgment of sporadic premature beats: Do not exceed 3/30 premature beats, squat 15 times, and auscultate continuously for three minutes. If the premature beats are relieved or disappeared, ECG examination is needed.

(4) Abdominal examination, lying flat, legs slightly apart, hands on both sides of the body, relaxing muscles and abdominal breathing. The general order of palpation is left lower abdomen, right lower abdomen, navel and upper abdomen. Please note that the abdominal wall is soft, with tenderness and lumps.

2. Liver function examination: generally, along the middle line of the right clavicle at the beginning of the year, from bottom to top, positive pressure at the end of exhalation is deep in the abdomen, inhale, slowly raise your hand, then reach the inside of the rib margin and continue to touch the xiphoid process, and finally check the obtuse angle at the junction of the rib arch and the floating rib. Pay attention to the size, hardness, edge, surface condition and tenderness of the liver during palpation. Measure the size of the liver, breathe quietly, and the size of the abdomen and liver should be parallel to the costal margin. The right lobe of the liver, the midline of the right clavicle and the costal margin were taken as the starting point, and the intersection of the vertical lower edge and the liver was taken as the starting point. Measure the vertical amount of the left lobe of xiphoid process and the edge of liver. Measurement data are recorded in centimeters.

Evaluation of liver texture hardness is moderate, such as sharp nose and hard forehead, such as soft lips.

3. Spleen examination: Take supine position or right lateral position. Check the flexion of the right lateral position. Check left leg, right leg extension, left arm, head and abdominal breathing. Check your breathing, bottom-up touch.

Measurement method of splenomegaly: the lower edge of rib is less than the distance measured along the midline of left clavicle; In addition to the navel, it is necessary to measure the distance from the rib edge of the left clavicle line to the farthest spleen tip and the maximum distance from the frontal midline of the right spleen edge. The size of spleen was measured, and the measurement data were recorded in supine position cm.

4. Matters needing attention in palpation of liver and spleen:

(1) Check the abdominal breathing of the line to avoid chest ups and downs. A gentle movement

(2) Avoid pushing too hard or pushing up.

(3) When examining the liver, we should pay attention to delimit rectus abdominis tendon, gallbladder enlargement, hepatic curvature of colon, examine the spleen, and identify signs such as abdominal distension sound, floating rib sound and spleen music.

5, renal function examination:

(1) supine position: after examination, the legs are flexed and the abdominal muscles are relaxed. Check the hand and raise the angle of Yao Lei. On the other hand, by checking the breathing action, the pressure of the abdominal wall after the hand is deep leads to the abdominal wall pushed up by Yao Leixin. Do not get dirty, guide the deep inhalation examination, touch the kidney and the front abdominal wall with your hands, and you can touch the kidney pole. Nephropathy. The kidney can be between your hands.

(2) Lateral position: When the supine position is unclear, the lateral position can be used for inspection. On the object side, the calf is straight and the leg is curved. Guide the examination, take a deep breath and touch with both hands.

Normal kidneys (except those with thin abdominal wall) are generally difficult to reach. For example, if you touch a kidney with drooping kidney or swollen kidney, the possibility of renal tumor should be considered if the surface of the kidney is uneven.

(5) diagnosed neurosis

Neurosis is a general term for nervous system diseases. It is common that:

1, symptoms of mental, nervous or physical discomfort, but no suitable signs can be found.

2, with good self-control, this disease often needs treatment.

3. Diseases are often related to psychological factors.

Usually can adapt to social life and keep good contact with the outside world.

The most common neurasthenia, hysteria, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobia and so on, no matter what type, are not qualified.

(1) otolaryngology, otolaryngology

Medical history: tinnitus, pus in the ear, hearing impairment, motion sickness and seasickness.

2. Listening test:

(1) Routine examination: check the examiner's lateral position, ear examination, and plug the other ear with a cotton ball. Check the fined residual gas, send 5 meters at the end of expiration, and the client will read it back. Check 4-6 words in each ear when whispering, and it is appropriate to separate the ears.

Whisper reference vocabulary:

Farm Party commercial chemical plants, trains and planes in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Hankou, Lanzhou, Xi, Qingdao, Shenyang, Guangdong, Nanchang and other provincial capital cities play peanuts, tea, bread, newspapers and soap. ......

Candidates with correct evaluation results repeat words in the lowest voice, hear 5cm at a distance of 4 cm, correctly read back most whispered words, listen to 4 m ..., and so on.

Note: When checking this course, you should explain the whisper checking method, keep the room quiet, and the familiar topics should be clearly circulated by the examiner.

(2) Hearing inspection: If conditions permit, tank crew will conduct inspection under the conditions of divers, submarines and aviation. Any attempt to measure the listening level beyond the table below will fail.

Frequency 500 1000 2000 4000

The highest decibel level of mono is 30 decibels, 25 decibels, 25 decibels and 35 decibels.

Note: This table adopts ISO standard .../>

3. External ear examination: whether there is auricle deformity, defect, redness, tenderness and mastoid scar, inflammation, secretion, fungal infection and external auditory canal stenosis.

4. The auricle of the eardrum is gently stretched at the top, and the external auditory canal is as straight as possible to the external auditory canal. Choose an otoscope with the right size. Pay attention to the clear trace of eardrum, whether there is inflammation, retraction, unevenness, atrophy, adhesion, scar, lime cooling and perforation.

Determination of eardrum;

Degree of mild invagination: mild opacity, slight change or shortening of the light cone position, and slight displacement of the posterior superior malleus stalk.

The eardrum was severely retracted, the light cone disappeared, and the end of the short malleus stalk changed obviously, showing funnel-shaped or tense shape with several horns paste.

5. Check the eardrum activity and ear pressure function:

(1) Examination method of eardrum activity: Subjects placed an inflatable otoscope in the external auditory canal to observe the eardrum activity and pressure changes.

(2) Ear pressure function test method:

Ear auscultation tube method: Liu put the subject in the external auditory canal at both ends of the tube, grabbed it and asked the subject to swallow it. If the eustachian tube is unobstructed, the inspector can hear the sound, blow the air conditioner until the eustachian tube is delivered, and the ear pressure function is good, but the sound cannot be blown, and the ear pressure function is impaired.

Pinch your nose and inflate: The eardrum of the subject examined by otoscope tells his subjects that they will clamp her lips tightly together with their forefinger and thumb in the nostrils on both sides and be forced to inflate. Positive pressure is caused by the nasopharynx. The eustachian tube is unobstructed, and the examiner can see the reflective solitary protruding or flashing eardrum cone in the upper quadrant of the eardrum or the back of the eardrum.

(2) Nose

Olfactory examination:

Test method: Three dark vials of the same size and shape are filled with equal amounts of vinegar, alcohol and water. A customer closes his eyes, blocks one nostril, and then puts the bottle next to his nose to show discipline, care and indifference. Bilateral nasal cavities were studied.

Evaluation results: The two nostrils can be used for vinegar, alcohol and water respectively, which is a good sense of smell. 1-2 can use one or two nasal cavities, but the nasal cavity with dull sense of smell can't use it, which is olfactory loss.

Check the back cover in time. Note: Check that the oil should be changed frequently, so as to avoid falling into the position where the inspection sequence of olfactory test bottles is often changed or changed due to odor loss or deterioration; The method to prevent the cover from being mixed with the wrong smell should not be determined for too long to prevent olfactory fatigue.

2, nasal examination:

Inspection method: first lift the tip of the nose with your thumb to observe the redness, ulceration and scab of the skin. After the nose is gently pushed into the nasal vestibule, the hole on the nose expands from shallow to deep. Generally, the inspection sequence is down first and then up, starting from the outer wall of the front and rear first inner walls. Observe the color of nasal mucosa and the size of Oracle bone, and pay attention to hypertrophy, atrophy, polypoid transformation, nasal cavity or purulent secretion, nasal polyps, deviated nasal septum, perforation or non-existence or non-existence

(1) Judgement of mild atrophic rhinitis: the nose is slightly pale and dry, with occasional white scab, slightly smaller turbinate and slightly wider nasal cavity.

(2) Judgment: The nasal mucosa of severe hypertrophic rhinitis is obviously hyperplasia and hypertrophy, with uneven surface. Nodular or mulberry influenza with 1% ephedrine contraction is hard, and the hypertrophy of nasal mucosa under turbinate is the most obvious.

(3) Judgment of chronic sinusitis: olfactory groove or nasal passage (or the part where purulent secretion is drained), purulent secretion, middle turbinate and inferior turbinate, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of mucosa, polypoid transformation or polyp of middle nasal passage.

(3) the throat

Ask about medical history: any medical history, hoarseness, sore throat, dysphagia, snoring, apnea, dyspnea.

2, the theme of natural mouth opening, calm breathing. Bamboo pressed the tongue for 2/3 of the length, told his subjects the sound of "ah", observed the movements of soft palate, uvula, lingual palatine arch, tonsil and posterior pharyngeal wall, and paid attention to whether there were congestion, edema, ulcer, organisms and secretions.

The hoarseness should be examined by indirect laryngoscope or fibrolaryngoscope.

3. Determination of chronic tonsillitis

(1) Recurrent acute tonsillitis has a history of more than one hundred years.

(2) Recurrent fever, sore throat, cold, dry throat, itching, irritating cough, bad breath, and obvious enlargement of tonsils, which may hinder breathing and swallowing, and may even cause indigestion, headache, fatigue, fever, etc.

(3) The surface of dark red tonsil in tonsil and glossopharyngeal arch is uneven, and there may be scar tissue adhesion, surrounding submucosal abscess or cyst. When the glossopharyngeal arch is squeezed, white cheese-like substances can be discharged from the fossa, and submandibular lymph nodes are often swollen.

ophthalmology

(1) Vision

1, inspection method: standard logarithmic visual acuity chart inspection. On the hand-held board, the subject stood 5 meters away from the eye chart to hide my eyes, and the eyes were checked alternately, usually right first and then left. Determine the standard from line 4.4, visual target recognition within 5 seconds. The topic smoothly distinguishes 2-3 as the standard for determining the next line.

From the point of view of using method: in inappropriate places, the design distance such as standard 5m spacing is used for a long time, such as 3.97m or 6.30m, but each sight should be reduced to 0. 1 or 0. 1. Please refer to the description of the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart for the design distance.

2. Recording method: 5 recording methods (Muir method). More than half of the lines can be taken as the standard, or the lines that can't correctly identify the visual standard of lines can be recorded as the standard value; Less than half of the eyesight is the historical low of the standard line.

3. Note: BR/& gt；;

(1) Vision reexamination shall not exceed three times, and rest for half an hour after each examination, subject to the last time after the examination date.

(2) The eye chart should be installed in a well-lit place, preferably with natural light. Lack of natural light, artificial lighting, to ensure adequate lighting (such as lighting, lighting needs 200-700LM/M2, such as light boxes, the required brightness is 80-320cd/m2), to be uniform. (2) color vision

The inspection method is as follows:

Sufficient natural light, check under direct sunlight or fluorescence.

Inspection method of color vision chart: the distance between eyes and color vision is 50-70CM, and the vision and color vision of this vertical line. No more than 5-8 seconds, determine each picture, and randomly select the inspection order of the pictures. Evaluate the inspection results according to the specified color vision.

Inspection method of monochrome recognition ability: The color visual evaluation of abnormal images adopts red, yellow, green, blue and purple plates (cards) and color vision, and one color plate (card) is taken at a time for the subjects to recognize.

Eyes .../a >

In turn: external eye, extraocular muscle, eyelid, lacrimal apparatus, conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, anterior chamber, iris, pupil and lens.

1, general inspection of external eyes: pay attention to the shape and position of the eyes, whether they are prominent, concave and squint.

2. Eye movement examination: The observed eye movements are normal, cohesive and without trembling.

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3. Eyelid examination: Pay attention to redness, swelling, nodules, tenderness, scars, drooping eyelids, incomplete closure, congestion, ulcers, varus, valgus and ciliary varus.

4. Examination of lacrimal passage: Pay attention to the parts where the lacrimal gland is not swollen, tender and has abnormal obstruction of tears, and observe whether the lacrimal sac has overflow of secretions and tears of lacrimal sac fistula.

5. Conjunctival examination

(1) Whether the bulbar conjunctiva is congested, edematous, dry and pterygium.

(2): Pay attention to whether the conjunctiva is hyperemia, hypertrophy, follicular hyperplasia and nipple scar.

(3) The conjunctival blood vessels of the watchband are blurred, follicular hyperplasia, nipple hypertrophy and fornix adhesion.

6. Scleral examination: check the color of bulbar conjunctiva sclera for nodules, jaundice, congestion and tenderness.

7. Corneal examination: check the method of flashlight irradiation (use a magnifying glass if necessary). Pay attention to the transparency of cornea, and see if there is any pterygium stretching, ulcer, pannus and scar.

8. Examination of anterior chamber, pupil, iris and lens: The corneal examination method is the same. Depth of anterior chamber, turbid aqueous humor, large bilateral pupils, good light reflection, regular pupil edge, normal iris color, adhesion and lens opacity.

9. Vitreous body and fundus are generally not checked. If necessary, make special inspection.

Dentistry

(1) oral test/>

1, visual inspection: pay attention to the integrity of dentition, whether the position of abnormal teeth in dentition is missing, the contact with adjacent teeth, whether the lower dentition is normal, whether it is occlusal (occlusion), open occlusion, deep overlap, abnormal occlusion of lateral occlusal lock, and observe the color, luster and shape of teeth (including swelling and atrophy, etc.). ); Gum seamless tube, ulcer pus, regardless of oral mucosal edema, ulcer, erosion, discoloration.

Judgment of malocclusion;

(1) Super occlusion: The distance between the maxillary incisor and the labial surface of mandibular anterior teeth is more than 3 mm.. BR/>；

(2) Mandibular protrusion, the edge of maxillary anterior teeth and mandibular anterior teeth.

(3) Deep coverage: the coverage of maxillary incisors on the labial surface of mandibular anterior teeth exceeds 1/3.

(4) There is a certain gap between teeth because the center of the bitten part blocks the chin.

2. Detection: the detected positions of pits, cracks and restorations on the edge of the probe occlusal surface (especially the lingual fossa of maxillary incisors, dental caries and cervical dental caries are sometimes difficult to find, so X-ray inspection is needed).