1 colonization
The planting time of Myrica rubra is generally from late February to mid-March, when the temperature has started to warm up. It is best to choose cloudy or rainy days, when the survival rate of a single plant is high. Variety selection should be based on different regions, and the early, middle and late maturing varieties should be reasonably matched. Water chestnut and Myrica rubra are suitable for planting in Xishan, Suzhou. Select high-quality Suzhou Xishan Myrica rubra grafted seedlings with strong roots and no pests and diseases, fill the dug pit with decomposed manure 10- 15 kg and burnt mud ash 5- 10 kg, plant lightly, and then cultivate small soil beds around the plants, and cover the soil in time to avoid root exposure. Myrica rubra in Suzhou Xishan is dioecious, so 1-2% male plants should be planted for pollination.
2 Fertilizer and water management
In order to improve soil fertility, lettuce, medicine or green manure can be planted in woodland for one year. Young trees are mainly quick-acting fertilizers, combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and are fertilized 2-3 times a year. Adult trees are topdressed twice a year. For the first time, before germination in late winter and early spring, farm manure or calcium superphosphate 1-2 kg was applied to the roots one by one. Or potassium sulfate 1 kg with 0.2 kg urea per plant, or 0.25 kg urea with burnt putty 15-20 kg. Cover the soil after application. The second time is after fruit picking, accounting for 50-55% of the annual fertilization. According to the principle of multi-bearing and multi-fertilization, ditches of 10-20cm were dug one by one under the crown drip line, and 0.5- 1kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.3-0.5kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 30-50kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer were applied to cover the soil. The fleshy roots of Myrica rubra in Suzhou Xishan are easy to be damaged, so it is necessary to avoid damaging the roots when ditching and digging holes. You can also apply foliar fertilizer at the fruit development stage and spray 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.3% potassium sulfate 1-2 times. In addition, soil improvement and waterlogging control should be done well to ensure high quality and high yield of Myrica rubra in Suzhou Xishan.
3 plastic pruning
Yangmei has a natural round head shape. The pruning of young trees is mainly to fix the trunk shape and cultivate early-bearing and high-yield trees. Generally, the natural happy crown of "one stem and three main branches" is adopted. That is to say, for the new shoots that germinate after the stem is formed, 3-4 branches with vigorous growth, uniform azimuth distribution and a certain distance (about 20-30cm) are selected as main branches, and 2-3 auxiliary main branches or lateral branches are selected on each main branch, so that the distribution is reasonable and hierarchical, and the crown skeleton is basically formed within 3-5 years. Pruning of adult trees is mainly to cultivate high-yield population structure, adjust the relationship between growth and fruit, and promote sustained, high-quality and high-yield growth. Plastic pruning is divided into summer pruning (corner opening, coring, twisting, bud wiping, branch pulling, branch taking, carving, peeling, etc.). ) and winter pruning (drying, shrinking and pruning).
Artificial regulation of growth and fruit.
4 pest control
Myrica rubra has strong resistance to stress, and pests and diseases rarely occur. However, due to the large-scale seedling replacement caused by the change of ecological environment, it is also necessary to observe and comprehensively control pests and diseases according to local conditions. The main pests are white moth, leaf roller moth and bag moth. The main diseases are brown spot disease, red coat disease [2] and cancer. Prevention and control methods. Strengthen cultivation management and strengthen tree potential; Cut off diseased branches and dead branches in time; Do a good job in clearing the garden in winter, remove deciduous weeds and focus on burning.