Japanese cypress, cypress and golden pine are all precious and famous trees in Japan, and their horticultural varieties have been widely used in urban greening.
[Morphological characteristics]
Evergreen tree with broad crown, reddish-brown bark, flaky cracks, large branches spreading obliquely, flat branchlets, thick scales, close, blunt apex, dark green, and white lines on the back. Flowering in March, monoecious. Male cones are oval. A cone is spherical. 1 1 month mature, green-brown, seeds with narrow wings. Common cultivated varieties are:
Branchlets of scalelike leaves of Cyperus yunnanensis. Breviramea is flaky and regularly arranged closely, and the lateral flaky branchlets cover the terminal flaky branchlets, such as layers of clouds.
Scales at the top of Sabina vulgaris branches. Golden yellow (see color map 16).
Resume. The filiform branches of Pteris pinnatifida are short, and the terminal scaly branches are short and flat, which are densely arranged on the main branches, resembling Pteris pinnatifida, with dull leaves and often glandular spots.
Crane cypress cv Lycopodium, also known as bird cypress, is short and shrubby, with scattered branches and slender, irregular and dense branchlets, especially at the end, which is suitable for potted plants.
[distribution]
Originally from Japan. Widely cultivated in all parts of China, especially in the south of the Yangtze River basin.
[habit]
Like warm and humid climate, slightly resistant to drying. The average suitable temperature is about 65438 00℃, which can withstand the low temperature of -20℃. Shallow roots. It needs moist, well-drained and fertile soil, and both slightly alkaline and acidic soils can adapt. When I was a child, I was not resistant to direct sunlight, but more resistant to shade.
[Propagation, Cultivation and Maintenance]
Sowing and cutting propagation. Sowing and propagation: 165438+ 10 Collect cones in the first half of October, store seeds in dry condition, and sow in March. Sowing site should be loose loam rich in humus, which can be sowed by sowing or cutting. The sowing amount is 75 ~ 150kg/ha, the soil thickness is 0.5cm, and it will germinate 20 ~ 30 days after sowing, and it can be thinned when primary leaves appear. Dormant branches were cut in the first half of March, and cuttings were cut from young mother trees with stout branches of 65,438+0 years old, with the length of 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05 cm. Set up a shade shed and spray water frequently after sowing to keep the environment moist. Semi-mature cuttings are carried out in the middle and late June and early August, and the survival rate can be improved by building a double-layer shade shed and using fully enclosed bed seedlings. Small seedlings should be transplanted in March, big seedlings should be transplanted in late autumn, early winter or spring, and transplanted with mud balls.
See "Japanese cypress" for pest control.
[Appreciation and Application]
Platycladus orientalis is an easily variable species with many cultivated varieties, so it is widely used. Trees are graceful and colorful, or stretch like clouds, or like the tail of a peacock, trying to spread their wings. Japanese cypress is a precious and famous wood in Japan, which can be compared with cypress, arhat pine and golden pine. As a hidden tree or background forest, most of its varieties and cultivated varieties can be planted alone for viewing, or planted in the corner of the flower bed for pattern after artificial shaping and pruning. For example, it is suitable for planting or planting in gardens, terraces, doorways, entrances, etc.