First of all, Changsha dialect has 23 initial consonants and 41 finals, both of which are more than Mandarin (22 and 39 respectively in Mandarin).
Secondly, Changsha dialect does not have the common Erhua pronunciation in northern dialects.
Thirdly, Changsha dialect retains the entry tone, which is one of the obvious features of ancient Chinese. The entering tone has basically disappeared in northern dialects. Example: For each pair of Chinese characters below, the pronunciation and tone are the same in Mandarin, but the tones are different in Changsha dialect. "Yi" and "一", "Ba" and "Eight", "wife" and "七", "武" and "屋", " Vegetable" and "Uncle". In Changsha dialect, the second character in each pair of Chinese characters above is pronounced with a rhotic tone.
Fourthly, the voiced sounds in ancient Chinese are still pronounced as unaspirated voiceless sounds in Changsha dialect.
The pronunciation of each group of characters below is exactly the same, but there is only a difference in tone: Pai - Bai Tong - Dongkui - Guiqiao - Jiaoci - Zibed - Shape
* Changsha Pinyin System
Tone:
Yinping (inn1 pin2)——1
Yangping (iaen2 pin2)——2
上(san3)——3
Yin Qu (inn1 kheh4)——4
Yang Qu (iaen2 kheh4)——5
Enter (y6)——6
Initial consonants:
bang p/p/ pan/pan/ 1
悂ph/ph/ phan/phan/ 1
Ming m/m / min/min/ 2
Apply f/f/ fu/fu/ 6
End t/t/ tunn/t?/ 1
Through th /th/ thou/thou/ 4
Mud n/n/ ni/ni/ 1
干k/k/ kann/k?/ 1
Look at kh/kh/ khann/kh?/ 1(khann 4)
Ya ng/?/ ngai/?ai/ 2
姚h/h/ ho/ho/ 1
See hc/t?/ hcienn/t?i?/ 4
Miss hch/t?h/ hchye/t?hye/ 6
xiao hs/?/ hsiao/?iao/ 3
荍c/ts/ can/tsan/ 1
Cangch/tsh/ chan/tshan/ 1
Monk s/s/ sen/s?n/ 1
来l/l/ lai/lai/ 2
日z/z/ zih/z?/ 6
Single vowels and nasal sounds:
aa/ɑ/ ah aa/ɑ/ 1
(a/a/)
an/an / 安/an/ 2
ann/?/ 安ann/?/ 1
[ae/?/]
o/o/ 何 ho /ho/ 2
[e/e/]
eh/?/ special theh/th?/ 6
ehn/?n/ horizontal hehn/ h?n/ 2
ehnn/?/ very hehnn/h?/ 5
i/i/ yi/i/ 1
in/in / should be in/in/ 1
inn/?/ because of inn/?/ 1
ih/?/ when sih/s?/ 2
u /u/ 武u/u/ 1
unn/?/ 官kunn/k?/ 1
y/y/ y/y/ 2
yn/yn/ halo yn/yn/ 1
Compound vowels and nasal sounds:
ai/ai/ 爱ai/ai/ 4
ao/ao / Ao ngao/?ao/ 2
ei/ei/ non-fei/fei/ 1
ou/ou/ Hou hou/hou/ 2
iaa /iɑ/ yeaa/iɑ/ 2 (ie/ie/ 2)
[iae/i?/]
iaen/i?n/ 杨iaen/i?n/ 2
ie/ie/ ye ie/ie/ 2 (iaa/iɑ/ 2)
ienn/i?/ yanienn/i?/ 2(ngan/?an/ 2)
iou/iou/ Xu hsiou/?iou/ 6
uaa/uɑ/ tile uaa/uɑ/ 3
[ua/ua/]
uan/uan/ 王uan/uan/ 2
uann/u?/ wan uann/u?/ 1
[ueh/u?/]
uehn/u?n/ Wen uehn/u?n/ 1
uai/uai/ Wai uai/uai/ 1
uei/uei/ is uei/uei/ 2
ye/ye/ month ye/ye/ 6
yenn/y?/ circle yenn/y?/ 2
Remarks:
In this system, h is used to indicate the difference between finals, not the final rhyme. eh and ih are just symbols.
In this system, the initial consonant h is used to describe the aspirated sound. Such as: ph th kh hch.
This system uses nn to describe nasalized sounds.
The pinyin with [] represents a word that has no representative, but is included in this system