Before sprouting in March, we should pay close attention to pruning again, mainly to cut off the dead branches and blind branches left over from winter pruning, and properly remove the over-dense branches left over from winter pruning according to the amount of branches left and the reserved yield. Peel off the buds on the back of the protruding branches and the clustered buds next to the big wound. Young trees should be cut lightly, bearing branches should be cut long, and branches with small lateral branches should be pulled out.
Clean the garden thoroughly immediately after pruning. First, scrape off the upturned skin from the trunk with a knife or wire brush, and take it out of the garden together with the pruned branches, residual branches and fallen leaves for centralized burning.
From March to April, peach trees gradually entered the period of germination, flowering and fruit setting and new shoot growth. In order to meet the nutrient requirements of new shoot growth and young fruit development, topdressing before flowering is particularly important, especially for fruit trees with weak growth potential or peach orchards with high annual output, which is beneficial to orderly flowering, improving fruit setting rate and early growth of new shoots.
Appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied before flowering to promote fruit setting and tree growth, but attention should be paid to the dosage so as not to cause vigorous new shoots and aggravate fruit drop. Water immediately after topdressing. The topdressing method can be furrow application, spot application, belt application, radial application or ring application, or combined with watering and spreading.
At present, the main methods of thinning flowers are pruning and thinning the buds of varieties with high fruit setting rate (Chun Yan, Okubo, nectarine, etc.) before flowering. ). The thinning depends on the tree condition, the number of fruit branches and the early spring climate. Generally, short, medium and long branches leave 2, 3 and 4 buds respectively, and long branches leave 5-6 buds. Fruit thinning time: the first fruit thinning should be carried out when young fruits can separate large and small fruits. Varieties with high fruit setting rate can be thinned early, while varieties with low and unstable fruit setting rate should be thinned late. The amount of fruit left should be comprehensively considered according to factors such as tree age, variety, crown size, growth potential, fertilizer and water supply conditions, last year's output, and the number of flowers in that year. Generally, 3-4 fruits will be left on young branches of 30-40 cm, 2-3 fruits will be left on branches of 20-30 cm, and 1-2 fruits will be left on branches below 20 cm. At the full fruit stage, there were 3, 2 and 1 fruit in the long, middle and short branches of the tree, 2 fruits in the long branch of the old tree, 1 fruit in the middle branch, and no fruit in the short branch and leaf branch.
Before germination and before and after flowering are the key periods for peach tree pest control, especially before germination.
In the middle and late March (before germination), spray 4-5 baumeishi sulfur mixture 1 time or 45% crystal stone sulfur mixture for 30 times, and spray it carefully and evenly. Taoyuan, which suffered from serious diseases last year, can be sprayed with Bordeaux mixture 1: 2: 120 times before flowering, but the time interval between spraying the mixture of sulfur and stone is more than 12 days.
In early April (before peach blossom), once aphids are found, they can be controlled with 2000 times solution of 10% imidacloprid; Anthrax can be prevented and treated with 500 times solution of 80% anthrax ant; Brown rot can be controlled with 70% zineb 500 times solution or 50% Sulklin 1000- 1500 times solution. Gummosis can be scraped off with broken porcelain pieces and coated with 30 times of liquid bacterial toxin.
In the middle and late April, after the peach tree withered, the diseased leaves of leaf shrinkage disease were manually removed to kill overwintering larvae such as red-necked longicorn beetles. Mancozeb 600 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution+agricultural streptomycin 2000 times solution+imidacloprid 10 times solution +20% pyrethroid 2000 times solution can be sprayed once every 10 day, which is mainly used to prevent and control leaf shrinkage, bacterial and fungal perforation.
1, water can be poured two days before cooling.
2. Flowering management is mainly to improve pollination and prevent late spring cold. In case of freezing injury, the freezing point can be reduced by 2-3℃ by using the technology of Lu Shen in Tiangong 1000 times+1.8% sodium nitrophenolate 4000 times +98% boron 1000 times +3‰ sucrose.
3. Lv Yun "Haizhibao" 2000-2500 times solution can also be sprayed 1-2 times before and after flowering or before and after frost, which can obviously alleviate freezing injury and reduce losses.
4. Because of the warm winter, remember to pay attention to the cold spring.