When pruning, it is forbidden to cut out of order and without thinking. First, we should look at the whole crown around the tree and know what shape it needs to be integrated into, and then trim it in the order of "from inside to outside the crown, from under the crown to the crown", so as to avoid mistakes or missed pruning, ensure the pruning quality and improve the pruning speed.

Second, the growth period of pruning:

1, cracked. In order to prevent branches from growing too vigorously, or to distort branches to form various vigorous and powerful artistic shapes, branches often crack when buds sprout slightly in early spring.

2, in addition to buds (buds). Removing excess buds is called bud removal.

3. Choose your heart. The measure to remove the top of the new bud is called coring. The coring part is about 2-5 cm long.

4. Pick leaves. Proper removal of excess leaves is called leaf picking.

5. Sparse flowers and fruits. Avoid excessive consumption of nutrients and promote flowering and fruiting every year.

Third, dormant pruning:

1, truncated. Truncation is a measure to cut off stems or thick main branches and backbone branches. This method can promote the regeneration and rejuvenation of trees. This method is used for the cultivation of secondary budding forest and the "head surgery" to remove the top of the tree. When cutting thick side branches, it should be sawed from bottom to top into 1/3-2/5, and then sawed from top to bottom to avoid splitting. In order to prevent the wound from rotting due to evaporation of water or invasion of pests and diseases, protective agent should be coated on the wound, the wound should be sealed with wax, or wrapped with plastic sheets for protection to promote healing.

2, thinning branches. The dead branches, diseased branches, cross branches and over-dense branches on trees should be thinned to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the crown and avoid or reduce the barefoot phenomenon of branches in the crown. When thinning, the cutting mouth should be flush with the cuttings, leaving no residual piles.

3. Shorten the incision on the back. It is often used to rejuvenate weak trees, old trees and old weak branches. The principle is that the strong branches are lightly cut and the weak branches are heavily cut and kept short, so that the new branches grow healthily and evenly and achieve the purpose of rejuvenation. When retracting or cutting short, the incision should be smooth and with an inclined plane.

Four, pruning measures can be implemented in the growth period or dormancy period:

1, tiller. Removing root tillers near the base of plants or sprouting tillers on rootstocks is a measure to reduce nutrient consumption.

2. lettering. Use all kinds of broken branches to weaken or warm the growth of branches, such as carving, girdling, winding, longitudinal injury, root cutting and so on. However, it is necessary to master the principle that bone injury does not hurt the skin and use it flexibly according to the situation. In our common methods, root cutting measures are often used before precious seedlings leave the nursery or before big trees are transplanted, because root cutting can stimulate the generation of new fibrous roots at the roots, which is conducive to the survival of transplantation.