It's called Guangli Bridge. Later, because the bridge body crossed Lugou, people called it Lugou Bridge. As early as the Warring States Period, Lugouhe Ferry was already a transportation hub and a battleground for military strategists in Yanji. It turns out that only the pontoon bridge is connected. 1 153 After the Jin Dynasty made Yanjing its capital (now the west of Xuanwu District in Beijing), this pontoon bridge became the only way for southern provinces to enter Beijing and an important gateway to Yanjing. Traffic and pedestrians meet, and the original pontoon obviously cannot meet the political, military, economic and transportation needs of the capital. Jin Shizong ordered the construction of the bridge. Lugou Bridge was built in June 1 189, and was completed in March 1 192 in the third year of Ming Chang. There are 140 sentries on the stone guardrails on both sides, and stone lions are carved on the stigma, with different shapes. According to the records, there were 627 original books, and there are 50 1 book. Most of the stone lions belong to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and there are also a few remains from the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. "Lugou Xiaoyue" has been listed as one of the "Eight Scenes of Yanjing" since the reign of Jin Zhangzong. Lugou Bridge was rebuilt in A.D. 1444. Due to the flooding of Yongding River in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty, the bridge was seriously damaged and could not be used again, and a large number of historical sites disappeared in the flood. Reconstruction in 1698, Kangxi ordered a monument to be erected at the west end of the bridge to describe the reconstruction of Lugou Bridge. At the eastern end of the bridge, there is a "Lugou Xiaoyue" tablet inscribed by Qianlong. A.D. 1908, after the death of Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, he was buried in Qing Xiling, Yixian County, Hebei Province, and had to cross Lugou Bridge. Because of the narrow bridge deck, the stone fence beside the bridge had to be removed and a wooden bridge built. Later, the stone fence was restored to its original state. 1On July 7th, 937, Lugouqiao "July 7th Lugouqiao Incident" became the starting point of China's eight-year national War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the bridge deck was paved with asphalt, the footpath was widened and the stone lion pavilion was restored. 196 1 year, Lugouqiao and nearby wanping county were announced as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 197 1 year, the new Lugou Bridge, which was built to protect Lugou Bridge and reduce its traffic volume, was completed, but Lugou Bridge continued to undertake transportation tasks. The Lugou Bridge Historical Relics Restoration Committee was established in 1986 to restore the original appearance of Lugou Bridge. The asphalt paved after 1949 and the footpath widened by 1967 were demolished, which restored the original appearance of the ancient bridge, and at the same time moved the traffic of motor vehicles to the adjacent Lugou New Bridge and the later built Jingshi expressway. As early as13rd century, Lugou Bridge was famous all over the world. At that time, an Italian named Kyle Poirot came to China. In his travels, he praised the bridge very much, saying that he was "unique in the world" and especially appreciated the lions carved on the bridge pillars, saying that they "* * * together constitute a beautiful spectacle."
Legend of Lugou Bridge
The legend of Lugou Bridge-the Qing Dynasty did not move, Qing Er shook, and Sanqing came to Lugou Bridge. Lugou Bridge was built in the 27th year of Dading in Jin Dynasty (A.D. 187) and in the 3rd year of Mingchang (A.D. 1920). The stone lions with stone pillars on the Lugou Bridge were added when the Lugou Bridge was rebuilt in the ninth year of Ming Dynasty (AD 1444). Feicheng, whose real name is Gong Ji, was built in the 13th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (AD 640). "Qing did not move, Qing Er shook, and Sanqing walked to Lugou Bridge." This is another story about Liu Bowen making Beijing. Beijingers always say, "Liu Bowen made Beijing", so let's say "Liu Bowen made Beijing". What is the relationship between Liu Bowen's construction of Beijing and Daqing, Qing Er and Sanqing? There is also a folklore here. Liu Bowen and Yao bet that Yao would become a monk in a fit of pique after drawing the map of Beijing, so Yao would not mention it. Liu Bowen, a great strategist, is a man with other ideas. He is only committed to building this "city with eight arms". Liu Bowen thought to himself, "It is certain that you can't blame the city for building eight arms, but how can this terrible dragon surrender?" ? This is very embarrassing for this great strategist who can pinch and calculate. Liu Bowen thought about it day and night. Later, I learned that there are three big bluestones known for ten thousand years, five thousand years and one thousand years on the mountain above fangshan county, which can help the tiger. Liu Bowen himself thinks that when these three sacred stones are combined, the dragon will be conquered. He also thought: If these three sacred stones were obtained from the "big bluestone" that existed for 10,000 years, this dragon in a lonely and miserable state would never make trouble or turn over. Liu Bowen thought again: How can such a heavy stone and such a big "road" get to Beijing? We must find a way to do this. We must combine hard and soft. Don't talk about Liu Bowen's plan, just talk about the Qing, Qing Er and Sanqing in the mountains above. Three brothers in Liu Bowen there wanted to think, you know Liu Bowen's plan. Daqing said, "I won't go anyway. It's so comfortable in the mountains!" Qing Er said, "I'm not going either. Liu Bowen with a crooked nose can't move me, and I won't listen to him! " Sanqing said, "Who's going? I am afraid of what I am doing with my nose tilted! " Daqing said angrily, "Let's wait until the crooked nose comes!" Besides, after Liu Bowen planned to remove the three sacred stones, he made two sets of ideas. One set is to prepare a fragrant flower ceremony and invite the sacred stone to go down the mountain in the form of "courtesy" with his entourage; The other set is a trick up its sleeve. He moved many soldiers and generals from the sky and hid them in the sleeves, just to scare Qing, Qing Er and Sanqing into going down the mountain. Liu Bowen made this idea, arranged it, and took a group of followers to "please" the sacred stone. They left Beijing and headed for the southwest. After crossing the Lugou ferry, they went straight to the square. Liu Bowen, a great strategist, went to the foot of Fang Shangshan and put away his prestige as a great strategist. He honestly came to the Three Holy Stones and arranged a fragrant flower ceremony. He respectfully said, "The Three Holy Stones are on the table. I, Liu Bowen, have accepted the emperor's will and invited the Three Holy Stones to visit Beijing. The emperor will make you a general!" Daqing lay there firmly, motionless. Qing Er and Sanqing took one look at Daqing and thought, since Big Brother didn't move, we two brothers don't have to move. Liu Bowen saw it and sent you fragrant flowers and gifts. You didn't move. This is really ugly. I want to show you what a great strategist can do! Liu Bowen whispered to the "Heaven" in the sleeve seam: "Please, take these three fucking stones to Beijing, and the emperor must seal you!" "Heavenly Soldiers" and "Heavenly Commanders" answered, flew out from the seams of Liu Bowen's sleeves, brandished knives, guns, swords and halberds, stepped forward and surrounded the Three Holy Stones, calling on them to quickly enter Beijing! Daqing is still motionless; Qing Er was frightened by these soldiers and generals in Paradise. He had to move, and it shook. Sanqing could not resist the cheers invited by Liu Bowen, so she had to go down the mountain with Liu Bowen. Liu Bowen knew he couldn't move Qing and Qing Er. With Sanqing, he can do an "imperial errand", so he took his entourage and hurried off the party and went straight to Beijing. Not to mention Liu Bowen took Sanqing to Beijing. Just say that when Liu Bowen crossed Lugou Ferry, the Dragon King of Lugou Ferry had received a letter from the Dragon Palace, the son of the Dragon King of Youzhou, saying that he was in distress. They discussed how to prevent Sanqing from entering Beijing. They made a plan: to build a "Scorpion City" at Lugou Ferry, and let the scorpions leave Sanqing here when Liu Bowen arrives with Sanqing, so that it can't get in. After discussion, they first built the scorpion tail-Lugou Bridge, which was completed overnight. They will repair the body of the scorpion again. This is the "Fat City" to the east of Lugou Bridge. The two wells outside the east gate of Feicheng are scorpion eyes. Further east, there are two small earth mountains in the north and south, which are the two big front paws of the scorpion. When Scorpion City was built, Liu Bowen arrived with Sanqing. The entourage reported to him: "Report back to the military master, Lugou Ferry. When we came, there was no bridge. Now there is not only a long stone bridge, but also a city to the east of the bridge. Please check it! " Hearing this, the Liu Bowen secretly taken aback. He hurried to urge the horse to cross the bridge and saw that this was Scorpion City, which was an obstacle to Sanqing's entry into Beijing, but there was nothing he could do. Let's leave now. Liu Bowen pretended to be calm and said, "Nothing, let's cross the bridge." He pushed Sanqing forward again. As soon as Sanqing got to the west of the bridge, he dared not move. On the one hand, Liu Bowen secretly called Tian Bing, and Tian urged Sanqing to go. On the other hand, he said, "Third General, hurry up, cross the river, and you will be in Beijing soon! I will be sealed by the emperor! " Sanqing had no choice but to go forward with a swish and finally crossed the Lugou Bridge. After crossing the Lugou Bridge, Liu Bowen thought: Don't go into the city, don't walk on the scorpion's back, it's dangerous! He drove Sanqing around the south of the city. Liu Bowen thought that by avoiding scorpions, Sanqing would not be stung to death. Unexpectedly, the scorpion's tail swung sideways, and a hook stung Sanqing forever. Liu Bowen looked at it and sighed: "□! Although there may not be floods in Beijing, the banks of Lugou Ferry are terrible! " He also had to re-plan the way to cure the dragon. In the south of Feicheng, after a piece of bluestone was hit, the common people told the story that the Qing Dynasty did not move, Qing Er shook, and Sanqing went to Lugou Bridge.
The origin of the name of Lugou Bridge
According to legend, there was no Lugou Bridge before, only the ferry. A Shanxi man named Lu is doing business near the ferry, and his business is very prosperous. One autumn, he took the money to his hometown to visit relatives by ferry from Tian. Unexpectedly, when Tian saw that Lu had a lot of money, he had a bad heart, drowned Lu in Yongding River, took the silver dollar for himself and started a business. The next year, Tian gave birth to a son. When my son 10 was 0 years old, he had to plow fields three times a day, and he would cry if he didn't let him. Tian was very unhappy and asked the immortal old monk for advice. The old monk said to Tian: Your son was reincarnated by the murdered Lu, and he wants to settle accounts with you. Hearing this, Tian panicked and begged the old monk for mercy. The old monk said, "It is not difficult to save you, as long as you take out all the money you robbed to build a bridge so that passers-by will not be harmed by you people." After listening to the old monk, Tian invited many craftsmen to build a bridge. After the bridge was repaired, Tian asked the old monk the name of the bridge. The old monk smiled and said, "You are paying debts for Lu. I think it's called Lugou Bridge! " The legend of Lugou Bridge has been passed down to this day.