Because of the different planting methods and planting densities, the pruning methods of densely planted hawthorn orchards are also different. The purpose of temporary plant pruning is mainly to bear more fruits early, so the tree shape is not emphasized. As long as it does not affect the growth of permanent plants, leave as many branches as possible, bear more fruits and bear early fruits. When permanent plants are affected, temporary plants will become thinner or smaller, and where they are affected, temporary plants will become thinner or smaller.
After planting temporary plants, they may not be aired, but they can be pulled to nearly horizontal level to sprout in series to promote growth and branching. This plastic method has a large amount of growth, but it is easy to grow and has early results. For the leveled temporary plants, when the branches are semi-lignified in autumn, the lateral branches are leveled, sprouted to form branches, and then the long branches are selected for short cutting to form the second level horizontal branches. For the flourishing branches sprouting on the back of transverse branches, they can be leveled in summer, and the middle branches can be circled. The trunk can be girdled with a width of about 2 mm in July, and more flower buds can be formed in that year, and a certain yield can be obtained in the next year. Because the temporary plants are girdled to promote flowers, the crown expansion is slow and the vegetative growth is very small, which will not affect the development of permanent plants.
Temporary plants are mostly happy trees, which are short, easy to shape, sunny and bear early fruits.
When temporary plants are remolded, the height of trees should not be higher than that of permanent plants to ensure good ventilation and light transmission conditions. When the space is large, you can slowly release the long branches to occupy the space, and when the space is small, you should loosen or retract them in time.
The requirements of permanent plant shaping and pruning are: rapid molding and early high yield; High yield and long life should be achieved.
According to the characteristics of hawthorn tree, which has strong photophobia and strong top advantage, Happy Tree is more suitable.
Hawthorn close planting garden requires low stems and short crowns to prevent excessive growth. Once a tree is too strong to be adjusted by conventional pruning methods, it can be girdled at the base of the main branch in July, and then thinned and reselected after a large number of fruits are produced.
1 layer, the angle of the main branches of evergreen trees should be larger, and the angle of the main branches and side branches of the second layer should be smaller, which is beneficial to increasing the distance between leaf curtains and improving ventilation and light transmission conditions. With this arrangement, as long as the size and density of the branch group are appropriate and the structure is compact, the main results can be achieved.
According to the growth and fruiting habits of hawthorn trees, the row spacing of permanent plants should be 5m× 6m, and the interlayer distance should be above1.20m.. There should be fewer auxiliary branches on the middle trunk between layers, and the existing large auxiliary branches should be thinned or shrunk as soon as possible to make them close to the middle trunk. The main branches and lateral branches of permanent trees should also be properly preserved. The main branches are rarely conducive to thickening and robust growth, making the side branches developed. The inner cavity branch group has large growth, strong growth potential, strong trunk and long fruiting life. It is advisable to choose to keep three side branches on the main branch on the first floor. At present, the number of main and lateral branches of permanent plants in young dense planting gardens is generally too large, and there are also many auxiliary branches. The distance between layers is short, the ventilation and light transmission are poor, and the crown cavity is empty. It only bears fruit on the surface, and the yield is low, so it should be adjusted when pruning.
Branchlets on the crown of young trees should be released slowly to promote their flowering and fruiting; After the middle branch is slowly released, the branch position is higher and the baldness at the base is serious. Therefore, the middle branch with a length of less than 30 cm can be released slowly, and the middle and long branches with a length of more than 30 cm can be shortened slightly, which can promote the growth of branches and reduce the branch position; Overdeveloped branches should be properly thinned or severely chopped to promote short branches and separate culture; New buds can sprout many times early to form branches or flower buds; The developmental branches planted in large space can be continuously shortened to promote the growth of short branches and utilize space.
The fruit setting rate of vigorous middle and short branches is high; The fruit setting rate of old branches and weak branches is low, and the fruit setting intensity is weak; Although the branches are early in fruiting and strong in initial fruiting, the base is bald quickly, the branches are weak quickly, and the fruiting ability drops sharply. In order to cultivate branches with compact structure and strong fruiting ability, some developed branches can be moderately or severely pruned, and then adjusted by measures such as coring after the second year of branching.