Wallets have many uses, which are widely used to hold things, decorate clothes and hold incense. Hebao has experienced various dynasties and generations, and contains rich modeling features, exquisite embroidery art and rich cultural implications. Not only that, the purse is the sustenance of feelings, especially between men and women in ancient times.
The source of wallet
Pocket? At first, the word was widely used in the Song Dynasty, meaning small bags carried with you, and there were other names, such as velvet silk, lotus bag, fragrant bag, Xiang Ying and Pei Wei. The prototype of wallet can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period. Since the Spring and Autumn Period, it has been widely worn by the people? Capsule? And put small objects in the bag, and some people put herbs to repel mosquitoes. The earliest account can be found in "Poetry? Daya？ Gong Liu? It is wrapped in food and in a bag. ? , of which? Hey? And then what? Capsule? , which is the wallet.
Put it on? Capsule? It is also an important part of the ancient Chinese dress etiquette system. Book of rites? In the internal rules? Male skin, female silk. ? In ancient times? Capsule? In terms of material selection, men's weft and women's weave conform to etiquette norms. What happened afterwards? Capsule? It has also become an important status symbol of official uniforms. Is it recorded in the Book of Jin? Eight sitting on the history of lotus purple, taking raw purple as a bag and dressing clothes? . ? Lotus purple? Pick up the bag? Which is the wallet. In the Tang Dynasty, gold thread and silver thread were also used. Fish bag? As a symbol of rank.
Among them, the purse used for placing spices developed into another important handicraft in ancient times? A sachet is a sachet. During the Tang dynasty, gold and silver sachets began to appear, beautifully made, exquisite and beautiful.
Small? In the wallet? Dakun?
Most of the things in the wallet are coins, keys, etc. Small size and easy to carry. It can also put all kinds of spices as aromatherapy to carry around. Such a practical wallet also has a beautiful artistic style. Wallets are rich and varied in shape, with exquisite and unique embroidery patterns, which are of great appreciation value and are ideal decorations for clothing. The wallet looks simple and small, but in fact it has its own set. Dakun? .
In ancient times, money bags were personal belongings, and storage was also an important item that was often used by the owner in his daily life and easily scattered, so it was easy to carry around. The contents mainly include coins, keys, seals, handkerchiefs, sweat towels, bills, jewelry, spices, needlework, tobacco, fans and other objects.
The contents vary according to the gender and identity of the wallet wearer. For example, ancient women's purses were mostly spices, handkerchiefs, jewelry, needlework, etc., while bills and tobacco were mostly held by male wearers.
Clothing Accessories In ancient China, the clothing was mainly cut in a wide range, with little change in style and even no spare place to store items. The appearance of purse solves the aesthetic demand of ancient costume decoration and the use demand of personal belongings, and becomes the finishing touch of ancient costume.
The cloth used to make the purse is colorful, and the overall consumables are not much, which can meet the ancient people's demand for different colors and styles of clothing. In addition, beautiful patterns are often embroidered on the purse, such as flowers and birds, plants, insects and fish, character stories, auspicious patterns, etc., which can decorate all kinds of clothes. In Qing dynasty, purse became an indispensable part of women's clothing decoration, and was often tied on clothes.
In the pre-Qin period, the ancients put herbs in clothes. Capsule? , repel mosquitoes. With the development, putting spices in the wallet has also added a bit of elegance. Especially under the influence of high society and literati's lifestyle of burning incense and making incense, people pay more and more attention to the spices contained in purse, and even choose Chinese herbal medicines with aromatherapy effect as spices. This kind of wallet has gradually acquired a unique name? Tianminang
The sachet also inherits the artistic characteristics of the purse, which has both incense and decorative functions. In addition to being accessories, sachets are often hung in curtains and carriages by educated people. So much for BMW cars. The gold and silver sachets that appeared in the Tang Dynasty were more exquisite in shape, and even began to be used by women in the Song Dynasty. Hey? That is, a shawl to prevent the shawl from slipping.
Artistic features contained in wallets
Practical and changeable plastic arts, the shape of wallet can be described as varied. This is completely influenced by the gender of the wearer, the position of the tie and the contents of the wallet. The main shapes of wallets are purse, belly bag, chain bag and tie bag, which can be used by both men and women. The waistband has a cover, which is cut to fit the waist of the human body. The abdominal bag has no cover and the opening is upward. Chain wallets can be folded up and put in your waist or pocket, or placed horizontally on the back of animals carrying heavy objects.
The design of wallets, for the convenience of the wearer, is mostly open collar, and there are also wallets with lids, which have hidden buttons, so it is not easy to miss items. Among them, tie wallets are mostly tied around the waist, with the most abundant shapes, such as square corners, necking, pinching the waist, round mouth, chicken heart-shaped, plant-shaped and animal-shaped.
Colorful colors and artistic styles. The largest color of wallet area is the background color of sewing cloth, followed by the color of embroidery pattern. The choice and collocation of different colors endow the wallet with colorful artistic style. Since the pre-Qin period, five-color series has been derived from the five elements in ancient China, and three of the five colors are mainly used in purse: Xuan, Chi and Qing. Yellow is mainly used in the court, and it is hardly seen in folk wallets. The embroidery of wallets is mainly monochrome, and a few are multicolor.
Black and warm red are the most commonly used handbags in monochrome series, followed by ultramarine and indigo. These colors are very bright and have strong visual effects. However, water green, blue and meat powder with lower color purity are used less. The multi-color collocation of wallet is mainly red, blue and green, supplemented by white and black; Or mainly white and black, with colors such as blue and red.
The color matching of leather bags has different regional styles, the most prominent of which is the art of leather bags with different styles in the north and south. Or influenced by the mild climate, beautiful scenery and graceful female personality in the south, the artistic style of the purse in the south is pure and elegant, with light blue, pink, off-white and other colors as the background, mainly cold colors, with colored silk threads, which is fresh and elegant as a whole and subtle and beautiful. Northern leather bags are mainly in bright red, pure black, dark blue, orange and other strong colors, with bright and light colors as the main collocation. It presents a rough, vigorous, harmonious and unified aesthetic feeling.
Elegant and beautiful decorative embroidery art In ancient China, the level of textile skills was extremely high, and the embroidery skills also developed greatly. Embroidery is very popular with the court nobles, and there is even an official embroidery manufacturing bureau. The pursuit of the imperial court also made embroidery techniques popular among the people. Embroidery once became a necessary skill for ancient women. Embroidery also shows its exquisite skills in the purse. A Brief Introduction to Ancient Capital Cultural Relics records the prosperity of purse embroidery art in Qing Dynasty. There are nine official samples sold in Hebao Lane, which are resplendent and magnificent. ? The common embroidery techniques of purse embroidery include plain stitch, sleeve stitch and outline embroidery. In addition, intensive and durable embroidery methods such as net embroidery, braid embroidery and seed embroidery are also widely used.
Exquisite embroidery technology endows the wallet with beautiful decoration. The embroidery patterns of the purse mainly include flowers, plants, birds and animals, landscapes, figures, symbols, figures and stories. The overall pattern of the wallet is simple and simple, with appropriate white space, which forms a harmonious picture with the background color of the fabric. Embroidery patterns are mostly combined for personal aesthetics, or traditional auspicious patterns, or special meanings, or combined with physical associations.
Wallets are not pure embroidery. It has rich decorative patterns and exquisite embroidery skills. Every stitch and thread has different feelings, including blessings and lovesickness.
Emotional sustenance in ancient money bags
China has been quite reserved in the expression of emotion since ancient times. Miss? And then what? Love? Never floating in words, poetry writing feelings are ever-changing, often containing feelings in things, euphemistic and implicit. Confess? My husband is like dust on the road, like mud in dirty water. ? Miss? When * * * cut the candle at the west window, but talk about the rain at night. ? In addition to poetry, purse is also an important emotional sustenance, and the ancients used purse to convey feelings and blessings.
Every holiday celebration, people will give wallets to each other to express their blessings. At the end of each year, the emperor embroiders princes and ministers. Have you been peaceful all these years? Money bag, as emperor? Boss? Right? Subordinate? Holiday greetings. From ancient times to the present, in the tradition of Dragon Boat Festival, people often give triangular purses filled with spices to relatives and friends to express their good wishes of removing the five poisons and exorcising evil spirits.
The direct expression of blessing is the rich embroidery patterns on the purse, which mainly have two kinds. One is that the pattern of the wallet is directly embroidered with decorative patterns and words expressing blessings, such as? Have you been peaceful all these years? Flo Xi Shou? Longevity Safe and sound How blessed are children? Waiting for a blessing message.
The other is a pattern embroidered with auspicious meaning to express good wishes euphemistically, such as symbols? How blessed are children? Grape, lotus, pomegranate and other multi-seed fruit patterns; Animal patterns such as Chinese Pulsatilla, Yuanyang and Pisces symbolize the harmony between husband and wife and their deep affection; Animal patterns such as pine, cypress and crane symbolizing longevity. All kinds of beautiful purse patterns convey the sincere wishes of the ancients to each other, so as to reflect their hopes for a better future in life, such as exorcising evil spirits, seeking children, wealth, officials and blessings.
Sending money bags is the main way to convey affection between young men and women in ancient times. It is not only a token of love, but also a gift for the bride after marriage. Compared with oral and written confession, purse is more subtle and euphemistic, and can even be carried around, which is more in line with the youthful ignorance between young men and women.
It is said that after the change of Ma Wei, Li Longji, who returned to Chang 'an, missed Yang Yuhuan very much and sent someone to pay a visit to Yang Yuhuan's mausoleum. The waiter answered? The skin is not good, but the sachet is still there. ? A small sachet carried by Yang Yuhuan is also an emotional sustenance in Li Longji's eyes. Although the beauty is gone, the perfume bag is still there, and the feelings are still there.
The love of purse is also reflected in ancient novels from reality, and it has become indispensable for the development of love between men and women? Role? . In A Dream of Red Mansions, Sister You wanted to send Jia Lian a purse, but it was interrupted by the appearance of a maid. The purse shows the shyness of Second Sister You who wants to refuse and welcome. Even Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu once caused a storm because of their wallets. It turned out that Daiyu mistakenly thought that Baoyu had given the purse sent by Daiyu to the page, so she went back to her room with anger. A wallet will express the friendship between Baodai and Baodai.
Small wallet, but different? Dakun? . The purse is a practical thing that is convenient to carry around in ancient life. It is also a means to convey blessings between relatives and friends, and it is also the sustenance for men and women to express their wishes. There are not only exquisite embroidery art, but also endless feelings in the silk thread of purse.
References:
China folk pocket and Chinese embroidery pocket.