The dynamic change of human body is rich, which affects the whole body. Therefore, in addition to studying the static human body structure and its local motion laws, we should also connect all the parts in series and seriously study the movement changes and some laws of the whole body. Generally, we divide the human body into one longitudinal (ridgeline), two transverse (the connecting line between the acromion on both sides and the anterior superior iliac spine on both sides), three-body (head, chest and pelvis) and four limbs (upper limbs and lower limbs).
Longitudinal: refers to the human spine, which is a vertical line from top to bottom when viewed from the front or side, and is the most important supporting structure of the human body. When the character moves, the dynamics of the upper body is accomplished by twisting the spine.
The second horizontal: the line between the two shoulders (shoulder line) is parallel to the line between the upper pelvis (hip line) when the human body strives for posture; Tilt when exercising, rotate back and forth around two horizontal lines and a spine when walking or running, usually the shoulders and chest are in the same direction, while the hips and legs twist in the other direction.
Three volumes: refers to the three basic components of the human body, namely the head, chest and pelvis. The three volumes are connected by the neck and waist, and various movements are reflected by the different motion States of the three blocks.
Limbs: arms (upper arm, forearm); Legs (thighs, calves).
Second, the head analysis
Head analysis: the skull plays a decisive role in the shape of the head. To master the structure of the head, we must first be familiar with it. Except the mandible, the rest of the skull is connected into an inseparable whole. At the same time, we should understand the muscles of the head, which plays an important role in mastering the shape of the head, especially in depicting expressions.
Third, the human torso analysis
Trunk: Due to the difference of physiological structure between the sexes, the change of appearance is still obvious. Trunk is the most important part of human body, not only because it is the largest part of human body, but also because it contains the center of gravity of human body and upper body and is closely connected with the center of gravity of head. Therefore, when analyzing the human body structure, the trunk is always regarded as an important content.
Chest and pelvis are two important bodies in the human body, which constitute the basic form of the human body, and there is a spinal connection between them. Only when standing in a military posture will the chest and pelvis show a parallel relationship. In most cases in life, there are always various distortions and deformations between them, thus forming the basic movements of the human body.
Fourthly, the analysis of human limbs.
Hand: The structure of the hand is complex, and the bones are mainly composed of styloid process of radius, ulna, triangle bone, skull, hamate, metacarpal bone and phalanx. Hand muscles are mainly composed of abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi and dorsal interosseous muscles. The basic shape of the palm is hexagonal. The shape of fingers is roughly several hexagonal truncated bodies.
Upper limb: The bones of upper limb are composed of clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, wrist, metacarpal bone and phalanx. The upper limb muscles are mainly composed of deltoid, biceps brachii, circular knitting machine, brachioradialis, ulnar muscle, long muscle, flexor carpi radialis, abductor pollicis longus and so on.
Foot: For the foot, we should pay attention to its morphological characteristics, proportion and perspective changes. Clear the structure of foot, make the connection between foot and foot reasonable, and pay attention to the structural relationship between foot and leg.
The foot will try to keep in touch with the ground at any position, so the arch of the foot will change accordingly. In exercise, the foot is almost in a straight line with the calf, but when landing, the outside or heel touches the ground first, and then the whole inside touches the ground.
Lower limb: The bones of the lower limb are composed of hip bone, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsal bone, metatarsal bone and phalange. The lower limb muscles are mainly composed of gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, quadriceps femoris, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranous muscle, gastrocnemius, fibula and soleus.
Five, the human body center of gravity
When drawing character dynamics, we must first find the position of the center of gravity that supports the dynamics, so as to show the dynamics harmoniously. The center of gravity of the human body is mainly reflected in the stressed parts (such as standing, walking and squatting, the center of gravity falls on both feet or one of them; The center of gravity of sitting posture mainly falls on the buttocks; When doing hand landing support or reclining elbow support, the center of gravity is on the hand or elbow joint).
The center of gravity of the human body does not just fall on one part, but depends on different dynamics. If the action range is large, there will be more stress parts and more center of gravity.
Therefore, understanding the position of the center of gravity of the human body depends on different dynamics, and pay attention to cultivating your own intuitive judgment. There is a basic method, that is, to determine the position of the center of gravity of the human body according to the stress points that play a stable role in the human posture, and at the same time to carry out auxiliary measurement with the help of vertical lines.