Conditions for the emergence of police: First, the development of productive forces and the emergence of private ownership are the economic conditions for the emergence of police. Second, the irreconcilable contradiction between class contradictions and internal contradictions of the ruling class is the class condition for the emergence of the police. Third, the objective need to maintain the ruling order and punish crimes is the social condition for the emergence of the police. Fourth, the formation of the state machine is the political condition for the emergence of the police.
There are several differences between modern police and ancient police: first, the functions of modern police are independent, and police functions are mainly concentrated in police organs. Second, the modern police formed a full-time police force from the central government to the local government, which became one of the huge dictatorship tools of the country and exercised special powers. Third, modern police emphasize the rule of law. Fourth, modern police have uniform uniforms, while ancient police have no special uniforms.
The essence of the police: the police is an armed administrative force in the state power to safeguard national security and social order by violence, coercion and special means according to the will of the ruling class.
The essential characteristics of the police are: first, the distinct class nature. Second, the diversity of means. Third, the extensiveness of the task.
The basic function of the police: the social efficiency and role of the police. The political repression function and social management function of the police constitute the basic functions of the police.
Public security organs are an important tool of people's democratic dictatorship, which is the class attribute and fundamental attribute of public security organs.
The basic functions of public security organs are dictatorship and democracy, which embodies the requirements of public security organs as tools of people's democratic dictatorship.
The dictatorship function of public security organs refers to the social efficiency of public security organs in suppressing, sanctioning, reforming and supervising hostile forces, hostile elements and criminals who seriously endanger social order.
The purpose of public security organs is to serve the people wholeheartedly.
The public security organ is an important tool of the people's democratic dictatorship, and it is the national public security administrative and criminal law enforcement organ, which bears the important responsibility of cracking down on crimes and protecting the people. The people are the masters of the country, and all rights of the country belong to the people. The public security organ is the people's public security organ. The rights of public security organs are endowed by the people. It carries out the will of the people and safeguards their interests. Therefore, serving the people wholeheartedly is an inevitable requirement of the nature of public security organs.
The task of public security organs: refers to the work carried out by public security organs to achieve certain goals within the scope of management determined by national laws.
Basic tasks of public security organs: 1. Safeguarding national security; Second, maintain social order; Third, protect citizens' personal safety and personal freedom; Fourth, protect public property and personal legal property; Five, prevent, stop and punish illegal and criminal activities.
Responsibilities of public security organs: the responsibilities and obligations that public security organs should undertake according to law within their jurisdiction. The duties of public security organs are determined by their nature and tasks.
The duties of public security organs are statutory, limited and responsible.
The public security police is the people's police responsible for maintaining social order and ensuring public safety.
The household registration police is the people's police who is responsible for managing household registration and mastering the household registration dynamics.
Criminal police, referred to as "criminal police", is the people's police responsible for detecting criminal cases.
Traffic police, referred to as "traffic police" for short, is the people's police responsible for maintaining traffic safety and traffic order, handling traffic accidents and implementing traffic safety management.
The Foreign Affairs Police is the people's police who safeguard national sovereignty and security and manage the entry and exit of foreigners (including stateless persons) and China citizens.
Patrol police, referred to as "patrol police" for short, refers to the people's police who carry out service activities through patrol on a certain route or section.
The inspector police is the police who supervise the implementation of laws, regulations and disciplines by the people's police of public security organs.
Border police are the people's police who are responsible for maintaining social order in China's border areas and handling foreign-related affairs at the border.
The fire police are the people's police who put out fires.
The rights of public security organs refer to the authoritative measures and means taken by public security organs to perform their duties according to law.
Characteristics of public security organs' rights: 1, legitimacy. 2. Mandatory. 3. Franchise. 4. One way.
The right of public security administrative disposal refers to a kind of right behavior taken by public security organs in order to maintain social order and public safety in public security administrative activities such as public security management, road traffic management, fire control management, dangerous goods management, special industry management, exit and entry management, etc., aiming at specific people, things, things and places.
The power of administrative punishment for public security is an administrative punishment imposed by public security organs in accordance with the regulations on public security management for acts that fail to fulfill the obligations stipulated by public security laws and regulations or endanger social order, and the circumstances are minor enough for criminal punishment.
The power of public security supervision and inspection is one of the powers of public security organs to implement public security management according to law for social groups, organizations and individuals with public security responsibilities.
Reeducation through labor refers to the administrative compulsory measures to carry out compulsory education and reform for those who have committed illegal or minor crimes and have not changed after repeated education and have not been investigated for criminal responsibility. This is a way to deal with contradictions among the people.
The coercive power of administrative security refers to the coercive means of people and things taken by the public security organs to make the actors perform their legal obligations or accept punishment, and to those who do not perform their legal obligations or obey the administrative punishment of public security.
Criminal compulsory power is a kind of compulsory power exercised by public security organs against criminal suspects and defendants in order to ensure the smooth progress of criminal proceedings.
The right to deal with emergencies refers to the extraordinary measures taken by public security organs to safeguard national security and social order against sudden major violent crimes, major public security incidents and major public security disasters.
Emergency evacuation right refers to the extraordinary measures taken by public security organs in dealing with major disasters or quelling rebellion in an emergency.
Martial law generally refers to the extraordinary measures taken to maintain political stability in wartime or peacetime in the face of major emergencies.