In history, except China, the coronation dress was once the highest-grade dress of the monarchs of Japan, Korea, Vietnam and other East Asian countries, Chu Jun and others. There are six kinds of coronation obedience from high to low, which are mainly distinguished by the number and length of "stripes" on coronation clothes and the types and quantity of "stripes" on clothes and dresses, but all of them are black tops with red skirts, which are the so-called mysterious clothes and dresses.
Big fur noodles: used by the king to sacrifice to the gods in the martial arts, twelve crowns of big fur, and god clothes. The coat is painted with six chapters of the sun, moon, stars, mountain dragons and insects, and the lower layer is embroidered with six chapters of algae, fire, rice, Zong Yi flounder and glutinous rice, and there are twelve chapters of * * *, so it is also called twelve chapters. Which is the most expensive in the six-crown system? ? Clothes are usually made of "fine materials"? ? Made of black lamb skin? ? . Daegu chose black because "it comes down in one continuous line with the crown and mysterious clothes"; The reason why lambskin is used is because lambs are "obedient" and "group without losing class." Qiu Yi is divided into several grades. According to the occasion of wearing, the identity of people and the purpose of clothes, clothes can be divided into four types: heavy hair, good hair, industrial hair and pestle hair. As a leather coat? ? At the highest level, the Great Qiu Guang Department worships Heaven as the Son of Heaven? ? Time is running out? ? Sacrificial clothing. "Qiu Si" said, "If Qiu Yan is a big shot, he will use his clothes to worship heaven and earth. So when he says big, it means the same thing as shooting big. " Ancient governors were not allowed to sacrifice to heaven, and the son of heaven was not allowed to reward governors with Daegu. In the Book of Rites Jade Algae, it is said that "clothes are full of beauty". Daegu? ? Clothes outside, that is, "clothes are added to Qiu." The ancients thought tattoos were full of energy. Have an identity? ? People walk the door? ? Time can't just wear fur clothes, so that's why "fur doesn't enter the public door" in Jade Algae. Clothes? ? There is a coat on the outside that is "the same color as autumn" and "taking the twelve chapters of the dragon as the attack".
Emblem: King's clothes, nine crowns, mysterious clothes, five chapters of dragon, mountain, insect, fire and Zong Yi, four chapters of embroidered algae, pink rice, flounder and glutinous rice, and nine chapters of * * *.
Harrier crown: used by kings to sacrifice ancestors and shoot. Equipped with seven crowns, mysterious clothes, Chinese insects, fire and Zong Yi, embroidered algae, pink rice, flounder and glutinous rice, and seven chapters. Click here to add a picture description.
Crown: Wang Si used to look around mountains and rivers. Equipped with five crowns and mysterious clothes, the clothes are painted with three chapters, algae and pink rice, and embroidered with two chapters, Fu and Nuo, and five chapters.
Crown: used by kings to offer sacrifices to the country and former kings. Equipped with four crowns and a mysterious dress, the dress is embroidered with a pink rice chapter, and the dress is embroidered with two chapters: Blessing and Nuo.
Xuanmian: When the king's sacrificial group was young, it was used to worship Lin Ze's tomb in all directions. It is equipped with three crowns, a mysterious dress with no pattern and a chapter embroidered on it. "Zhou Li": "Green red refers to the text, red and white refers to the chapter." Wen is a combination of different colors, while Zhang is a colorful pattern. The origin of the word "article" can be traced back to Zuo Zhuan's "Zhao's article, which is bright and noble" and Chu Ci's "green and yellow mixed, the article is decadent" The article about the crown is to show the equality and difference between classes. Dong Zhongshu said, "You can know his rank by seeing his clothes in the world; See its chapter, we can know the potential. "The son of heaven has to wear twelve chapters, and' twelve' is the largest number in the ancient people's thoughts." The Book of History records that when he was in Hue, he "wanted to see the images of the ancients, such as the sun, the moon, stars, mountains, dragons, insects in China, writers' associations, Zong Yi, seaweed, fire, rice flour, flounder and embroidery, and displayed them in five colors to serve you. 」
The arrangement and distribution of Twelve Articles can be found in Sui Shu at the earliest. "According to this, there is a sun and moon on the left and right, with stars, mountains and dragons on their backs, and they are all twelve. The records of past dynasties gradually enriched, but each had its own dynasty and time. In the Ming Dynasty, the arrangement of Article 12 was finally finalized. 1405, Judy, the Ming emperor, stipulated that "Xuanfu has eight chapters, with the sun, the moon and the dragon on the shoulder, the star mountain on the back, fire, insects and Zong Yi on the sleeve; There are four chapters, one is Vega algae, the other is pink rice, the other is flounder and the other is glutinous rice. "Because the narrative content of this paragraph has different customizations in different dynasties, the situation is more complicated. Now, the Ming emperor Zhou Guan was chosen as an example.
In the Ming Dynasty, the emperor only used the imperial crown, and abolished the other five crowns, which were twelve crowns and twelve chapters, and were used to worship heaven and earth, ancestral temples, villages, farmers, worship books, Zheng Dan, winter solstice, holy festivals and other occasions. Crown Prince, Prince Han Wang, dressed in nine crowns and nine chapters, Crown Prince eight crowns and seven chapters, County King seven crowns and five chapters. North Korea's so-called "prince" was originally impossible to be crowned, and it could only be crowned with beams, but it was later crowned.
The crown system of the Ming emperor (the sixty volumes of Ming Hui Dian rebuilt by Wanli contain the crown system formulated four times in the 16th year of Hongwu, 26th year of Hongwu, 3rd year of Yongle and 8th year of Jiajing, and the binary system of 3rd year of Yongle and 8th year of Jiajing is extracted);
Yongle three years:
Crown, two out of ten, crowned with soap yarn and covered with [8]. , tung board for quality, clothes for yee, declare table Zhu Li, front round rear. It is one foot two inches wide and two feet four inches long. There are two branches before and after every ten, five branches for each branch, two out of ten, twelve jade beads for five passes, red, white, cyan, yellow and black, the crown is maintained with a jade scale, and the clasp, clasp, crown and tassel are tied with jade, all of which are decorated with gold.
Jade laurel, one foot and two inches long, carved with four mountains and covered with Zhou Li's "returning to the truth" system. Huang Qi made an appointment, not with the bag tower, but with Jin Longwen.
Faust has two chapters. Eight chapters of Xuanyi: Sun, Moon, Dragon, Shoulder, Star, Mountain, Back, Fire, Insect, Zong Yi on each sleeve, all woven, brought up in true colors; ? The first four chapters are: woven algae, pink rice, flounder, glutinous rice, two pieces each, the first three pieces, the last four pieces, unrelated, waist * * *, solid accumulation.
Single yarn, plain yarn as the object, green collar, woven goods 13.
Knee cover, with the color of clothes, has four chapters: woven algae, pink rice, flounder and glutinous rice, each with its own color and two hooks on it.
Yu Pei II, each with a jade pendant,, Yuer, Chongya I,, each with a jade flower and two drops of jade hanging under it. It is decorated with Yunlong characters and gold lacquer. From honing to the bottom is the fifth group, which is penetrated by jade beads. When you leave, you will hit two drops of teeth, touch the yellow with your voice, and use a gold hook. There are two small ribbons, six colors, six colors: yellow, white, red, mysterious, light green and green. Quality.
Big belt, plain and upright, with stripes on the waist, red on the top and blue on the bottom. New york used the normal group.
Six colors: yellow, white, red, mysterious, light green and green. Quality, the small ribbon is the same as the big ribbon, with three Yuhuan and Longwen in the middle. All woven.
Socks, pure cotton, full red, pure cotton with black cotton [34] solid color, with yellow decorative cotton head.
Jiajing eight years:
Crown system: made of round yarn, with a cover plate on the crown, 2 feet 4 inches long and 2 feet 2 inches wide, exposing the inner darkness and the back of the front ring. Seven jade beads were collected before and after, and twelve jade beads were used, including yellow, red, blue, white, black, red and green. Jade Heng, Jade Hairpin Guide, Jade Hairpin Guide, Jade Hairpin Guide are all ears, and they are all decorated with jade beads. Every ruler is measured in weeks.
Clothing: dark black, who weaves six chapters: the sun and the moon are on the shoulders, each with a diameter of five inches; Xingshan is behind; Dragons and worms are on two sleeves. It covers six chapters.
Dress, yellow, seven: the first three, the last four, even as curtains. Fan embroidery consists of six chapters, divided into four lines: fire, algae, health, rice, fu and health.
Single yarn, ordinary yarn. Twelve papers on green collar and knitting.
Cover your knees and follow the color of the skirt. Embroidered dragon above, embroidered fire below, tied to a belt.
Large area, plain in Zhu Li, with Zhu on the top and Qing on the bottom. There is no brocade.
Leather belt, jade in front, jade in the back, covered by a tie with a ribbon.
Gui, white jade for it, two inches long, brush on it, yellow paint on the side, carved with four mountain shapes. Huangqi capsule, gold.
Zhu socks, red dragonfly, yellow tapestry edge, knot. Three generations
China's clothing has a very long history. The Book of Changes says: "The Yellow Emperor Yao Shun hung down his clothes and ruled the world, taking over the dry Kun." "The Yellow Emperor began to wear fur coats, taking the sky as the top and the ground as the bottom. In Xingyang, Henan Province, linen cloth was excavated 5500 years ago, and at the same time, objects such as light crimson silk, yarn and flowers were obtained. When I arrived in Yu Xia, The Analects of Confucius recorded that "clothes are disgusting, and beauty is almost crowned", that is, Dayu doesn't care about his own clothes, but values the uniforms of the masses. Shang dynasty is a dynasty with exact written records; According to historical records, "Yi Yin was crowned heir to the throne", which proved that the coronation ceremony did exist. There is also the word "crown" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which was claimed by Yin Wang. [2]
The Zhou Dynasty was the era when coronation was formally established. Later generations recorded that "respecting ancient rituals" was intended to restore the laws and regulations of the Zhou Dynasty. Li's coronation ceremony on Thursday is divided into six kinds (big crown, high crown, Zhu crown, Zhu crown, defending crown and Xuan crown), so it is called "six crowns". Emperors, husbands, Hou, uncles, sons, men, orphans, Qing Dynasty and doctors can wear uniforms. People at all levels need to wear the highest level of coronation clothes they can wear when they worship the late king and the ancestral temple on major sacrificial occasions. Coronation personnel rank number of coronation articles Chapter 12 of King Qiu Mian: Sun, Moon, Stars, Mountains, Dragons, Insects and Algae, Fire, Powder Rice, Fu, Fu Chapter 9: Dragons, Mountains, Insects, Fire, Algae, Powder Rice, Fu. Male five Zhang Zong Yi, seaweed, flounder, three chapters flounder, Xuan Mianqing and doctor.
The coronation system was already prepared in the Zhou Dynasty, with a big belt at the waist and knees at the front, which was full of evil spirits. Since then, generations have been different. Emperor Xiaowen began to formulate the crown service system ten years ago, which can be seen in the Northern Qi Dynasty and followed in the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Northern Qi Dynasty: Emperor Tiandi wore black veil, twelve white jade beads, colorful jade and soap clothes. There are twelve chapters, including Zhu, Zhu, Lu Jian and Lu, and the whip of Huangchi. The crown prince wears a black crown and nine white beads. Nine officials, three officials, eight officials and six officials. There are three chapters of the male mountain dragon and six chapters of the nine green algae fire. North Korea; South Korea
During the Koryo period, King Koryo accepted the coronation given by Emperor China. According to historical records such as History of Korea, the King and Prince of Korea gave coronation from the 19th year of Liao (1065) to the 19th year of the end of Korea (the 3rd year of Ming Hongwu 1370). There are many records about these coronations in the history books. During the Korean Dynasty, korean king used the nine-chapter crown of The Ming dynasty emperors, which was given by China, the suzerain of the Ming Dynasty. The system is as follows: the clothes are blue, decorated with five chapters, the dragon is on the shoulder, the mountain is on the back, and the fire, the worm and Zongxun are on the sleeves. Each condom has three chapters from top to bottom; It is decorated with four chapters of algae, pink rice, flounder and salamander, two chapters each, with accessories such as big belts, knee pads, handkerchiefs and ribbons. Wang Shizi was also crowned in seven chapters, and the imperial edict for the king and others can be found in the relevant chapters of A Record of the Korean Dynasty. Click here to add a picture description of the Korean classic Five Rites of the Korean Dynasty.
There are exploded views drawn in the instrument according to the coronation system of Chapter 9 of Yongle and Chapter 7 of Jingtai. Similar related images can also be found in books such as Records of King Sejong. The coronation clothes given by the Ming Dynasty are not "tailor-made", and they need to be worn whether they fit or not. Coronation had its own development in the middle and late period of Korea, which was not completely consistent with the Ming Dynasty system.
During the Korean Empire, Emperor Gaozong proclaimed himself emperor, so he changed it to a twelve-chapter coronation suit of emperor level, which was generally designed according to the coronation system of Emperor Zhou in Minghui Hall in Jiajing eight years. It can still be seen in some occasions in Korea today, such as the ancestral temple festival in Seoul in 2004 (which is also far from the Ming Dynasty system), and Li Jiu and LiHaiyuan, descendants of the Korean royal family.
Japan
As the Tang Dynasty sent envoys, the coronation ceremony was soon introduced to Japan. In the Dabao Law promulgated in the first year of Dabao in Wu Wen (70 1), it was clearly stipulated that the emperor should wear a "dragon royal suit" similar to the 12-chapter coronation suit on formal occasions. However, in the old-age law promulgated after the second year of Emperor Jacky's abdication (7 18), the relevant dress requirements were deleted, and the emperor's formal attire was restored to the traditional white.
According to Japanese chronicles, in the first month of Tian Ping's fourth year (732), Emperor Shengwu took the coronation dress as a dress for the first time in a formal ceremony. Since then, the coronation suit has finally been confirmed as a formal Japanese dress. In the third year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty, ashikaga yoshimitsu, the shogunate general, sent envoys to pay tribute to Ming Chengzu, named him "King of Japan" and gave him many gifts, including nine crowns. Later, during the Nonchen War, when the Ming government tried to negotiate with Toyotomi Hideyoshi, it also gave him seven leather crowns and furs, which were crowned by Tokugawa Ieyasu, and Toyotomi Hideyoshi had accepted.
Japanese coronation in kind: The coronation of Emperor Xiaoming in Japan Palace Hall is divided into two parts, both red and decorated with twelve chapters. /kloc-During the period of 0/957, the crown, petticoats, single coats, knee pads, ribbons and other parts of the Ming Dynasty coronation clothes were unearthed in Dingling, Ming Shenzong, Beijing, but only the coat was missing, so no complete coronation clothes have been found in China so far.