2. Seventh grade history teaching plan (good hanging 80! ) Grade 7 geography review score 1, and the map types include: natural map and socio-economic map.
2. The three elements on the map include: direction, scale, legend and notes. 3. Determine the direction on the map: there is a map with a pointer, and the pointer arrow points to the north; Maps that do not point to the target usually use "up north, down south, left west, right east" to determine the direction.
When reading a map outdoors, you should hold the map with your face facing north and your back facing south. On a map with a latitude and longitude network, longitude indicates the north-south direction and latitude indicates the east-west direction. 4. The example scale is the ratio of the distance on the map to the actual distance. Generally speaking, paintings are large in scope, simple in content and small in scale. On the contrary, the scope of painting is small, the content is fine and the scale is large.
The scale is a fraction, and the larger the denominator, the smaller the scale. 5. The ball is an irregular sphere with slightly flat poles and slightly bulging equator.
6. Magellan sailed around the world in the following order: Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. 7. The equator is 0 parallel, with a circumference of about 40,000 kilometers, which is the longest parallel.
The latitude is 90 degrees from north to south, which is represented by n and s respectively. The 0 meridian, also called the prime meridian, has 180 degrees from east to west, which are represented by e and w respectively.
8. The average radius of the earth is 6371km; The surface area of the earth is 565,438+0 billion square kilometers. 9. Divide the earth into the southern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere with the equator as the boundary; With 20 W and160 E as the boundaries, the earth is divided into the eastern hemisphere and the western hemisphere.
10, latitude range: 0 30 is low latitude; 30 60 is the middle latitude; 60 90 is high latitude. 1 1, the earth's surface, the land area accounts for 29%, and the ocean area accounts for 7 1%, so it is vividly called "three-thirds of the land, seven-quarters of the ocean".
12. Comparison of latitude and longitude characteristics: the nominal length indicates that the directions are equal in longitude, which is semicircular (arc), and the north and south latitudes are circular (except poles), and the east-west direction is 13. The names of the seven continents are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Oceania. (Asia, Africa, North and South America, Antarctica, European Ocean) Asia and Europe are called Eurasia, and China is located in Asia.
Antarctica is the continent with the longest longitude span in the world; Asia is the largest continent. 14, the four oceans are: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Arctic Ocean.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. The Atlantic Ocean is S-shaped; The Arctic Ocean is the longest ocean in the world. 15. The dividing line between Asia and Europe is the Ural Mountains, ural river, the Great Caucasus Mountains and the Turkish Strait (connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea).
The dividing line between Asia and Africa is the Suez Canal (connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea). The dividing line between South America and North America: Panama Canal (connecting the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean).
16, all kinds of ups and downs on the surface are called topography. It is usually divided into five basic types: plains, plateaus, mountains, hills and basins.
17, the height is expressed by altitude and relative height, and the ground fluctuation is expressed by elevation on topographic map. Green represents plains, blue represents oceans, brown represents alpine plateaus, and white represents glaciers.
18, the Congo basin in Africa is the largest basin in the world; The largest plain in the world is the Amazon plain; The highest plateau in the world is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The longest mountain range in the world is the Andes. 19, the characteristics of five basic landforms: plain: low altitude, flat ground; Plateau: high altitude, flat ground and steep edge; Mountain: high altitude, undulating peaks and steep slopes; Hills: the ground is undulating, the altitude is not high, and the slope is gentle; Basin: high around and low in the middle.
20. Submarine topography: continental shelf, continental slope and ocean floor, consisting of trenches, basins and mid-ocean ridges. 2 1, the shape of the earth's surface is in endless motion and change.
The varied topography on the earth's surface is the result of the interaction between the internal and external forces of the earth. 22. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the earth's lithosphere consists of six plates, namely, Eurasia plate, America plate, Africa plate, Pacific plate, Indian Ocean plate and Antarctic plate.
The Pacific plate is almost entirely ocean. 23. Generally speaking, the interior of the plate is relatively stable, and there is tension, collision and compression at the junction between the plate and the crust, which is most prone to volcanoes and earthquakes.
24. Earthquakes and volcanoes in the world are mainly distributed in the mountains around the Pacific Ocean, spanning southern Eurasia and northwestern Africa. 25. In the contour topographic map, the slope is steep where the contour lines are dense and slow where the contour lines are sparse.
The part of contour line protruding from low to high is valley, and the part of contour line protruding from high to low is ridge. 26. By June199965438+1October 12, the total population of the world had exceeded 6 billion.
Natural population growth is mainly determined by birth rate and death rate (natural population growth rate = birth rate-death rate) 27. Generally speaking, the population of countries with high economic development level (developed countries) naturally grows slowly; In countries with low level of economic development (developing countries), the population naturally grows faster. 28. The most densely populated areas in the world are mainly distributed in the coastal areas at middle and low latitudes, such as East and South Asia, Western Europe and eastern North and South America.
The reason is that these areas are located in plains and basins with moderate and rainy climate in the middle and low latitudes, or in coastal areas. 29. Population density reflects the density of geographical distribution of population, expressed by the number of people per square kilometer (the number of people living per square kilometer).
30. Population growth should be coordinated with resources and environment, and adapt to social and economic development. 3 1. Urban problems: traffic congestion, housing shortage, industrial pollution, noise interference, insufficient water supply, rising crime rate, etc.
32. There are three major races in the world: yellow race, white race and black race. Yellow people are distributed in: Indians and Inuit in East Asia, and North and South America are also yellow people.
White people are distributed in Europe, North America, North Africa, West Asia, South Asia and Oceania. Black people are distributed in: central and southern Africa.
33. Native Americans are Indians and Inuit, both yellow people. 34. At present, the working languages determined by the United Nations are Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish and * * *.
English is the most widely used one. Chinese is the most widely used language. 35. Portuguese is spoken in Brazil and also in West Asia and North Africa.
3. Who has a history lesson plan for the seventh grade? The seventh grade history lesson in junior high school Unit 4. Teaching design of review class. Tan Fugen, the central school of Quyuan Town, aims to master the time and historical role of famous battles in this period, such as the battle of Guandu, the battle of Battle of Red Cliffs and the battle of Feishui. Understand the simple concepts of the development of the Three Kingdoms, the Western Jin Dynasty, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Jiangnan region.
Master the major contributions of Cao Cao, Emperor Xiaowen, Zu Chongzhi, Jia Sixie, Li Daoyuan, Wang Xizhi and Gu Kaizhi. Through the analysis of the development of Jiangnan area and the reform of Emperor Xiaowen in the Northern Wei Dynasty, we can improve the comprehensive analysis ability of historical issues and know that the theory (conclusion) is based on history (historical facts).
The induction of key historical knowledge points in teaching, the systematic teaching method of historical knowledge, the teaching process of group cooperative learning, and the introduction of review class. (Direct introductory review) This lesson reviews Unit 4: Separation of political power and national integration (Lesson 65438 +08-22) (Show unit topic) Second, show the review objectives with a whiteboard.
Third, show the review catalogue: "Review Catalogue of Separation of Political Power and National Unity", arrange students' review tasks and set time. Four, the student group * * * cooperate to complete the "self-guided training", and then the group representatives will answer the unified correction.
5. Guide students to review the contents of "Lesson 18": 1. Complete the battle of Guandu and the form of Battle of Red Cliffs (reason, time, both sides, result and significance); (Provide answers for students to sit in the right places) 2. Three-nation formation table: time, capital and founding monarch (with hints); 3. Economic development of the Three Kingdoms: Students completed it according to the textbook page 106. The intransitive verbs guide the students to review "Lesson 19" 1, and the students complete 1-3 in groups.
(After discussion, the representative answers) 2. Using the curtain call, students should review the "Battle of Canglang"; 3. Students discuss in groups "The reason, performance and influence of the development of Jiangnan area". (Discuss the answer) Seven. Instruct students to review "Lesson 20 Great Integration of Northern Nationalities". Student group discussion 1-3: the time when the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the Yellow River basin, the purpose of Emperor Xiaowen's move to Luoyang, the measures and significance of reform.
(Answer by the group representative) Eight. Guide students to answer forms and practice the content of "Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Culture". (Group representatives answer and show the answers) 9. Students communicate in groups: a material analysis problem and a drawing problem.
(The representative of the group answered) X. Checking the students' learning situation: the group * * * checks the completion of the "self-study guidance" and * * * corrects it. Lesson 16, the first volume of the seventh grade history: the prosperous culture of Qin and Han Dynasties (I) Teaching plan design Tan Fugen's teaching objectives Knowledge objectives: Understand the scientific and technological achievements and medical achievements in Qin and Han Dynasties, including the invention and improvement of papermaking, nine chapters of arithmetic and seismograph, Hua Tuo and Zhang Zhongjing; Ability goal: to understand the papermaking process by guiding and observing the schematic diagram of papermaking in Han dynasty; According to the slope map of seismograph, the working principle is analyzed to cultivate students' observation and imagination ability; Emotion, attitude and values: Learn the science and technology in Qin and Han Dynasties, give students a preliminary education on the history of science and technology, realize the leading position of China's science and technology in the world at that time and the great contribution of the Chinese nation to human civilization, and inspire students' patriotic feelings.
The invention and improvement of papermaking, the focus of teaching; Difficulties in teaching seismograph: teaching method guidance of seismograph made by Zhang Heng+multimedia (electronic whiteboard) teaching process 1. The new curriculum introduces that "during the Qin and Han Dynasties, the unification of the country, the prosperity of feudal economy and the strengthening of economic and cultural exchanges among ethnic groups in various regions laid the foundation for cultural prosperity in this period." Lead to the topic.
Second, guide students to read the lead-in box. Show me the question: before papermaking was invented, what did people use to record ancient Chinese characters? What are the inconveniences? It is inconvenient for the teacher to show the relevant written materials (tortoise shell, animal bones, metal utensils, bamboo and wood, silk and so on) when the students answer. ) and then use the whiteboard function to show it.
Limited quantity, cumbersome, expensive, etc. Teacher: When was the earliest paper invented in the world? Who improved papermaking? Third, guide students to read the first item "The Invention of Paper and Cai Lun's Improvement of Papermaking". The teacher shows the reading requirements-historical information and knowledge points searched by students on behalf of the whole class. Teachers ask questions and students discuss: 1. What was the paper made of in the early Western Han Dynasty? What are the advantages of improving papermaking in Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty? Do you know how paper was made in Han Dynasty? 3. What is the significance of the invention of papermaking? 4. Paper is widely used in all fields of human life. Can you tell me something about it? (Students speak freely) Fourth, guide students to read the second "Nine Chapters Arithmetic Seismograph" (requirements: find knowledge points and take notes)-student representatives exchange questions and students discuss: 1. When was the book Nine Chapters Arithmetic written? What was its historical position at that time? 2. Talk about the working principle of the seismograph according to the "Restoration Model and Vibration Schematic Diagram of the Seismograph".
(The teacher plays the video of the principle vibration of the seismograph first, and the students narrate it in combination with the textbook. 3. What are Zhang Heng's excellent qualities worth learning? Fifth, guide students to read the third item of the textbook "Hua Tuo and Zhang Zhongjing" (complete the reading task)-exchange teachers' questions; 1. Summarize the medical achievements of Hua Tuo and Zhang Zhongjing.
2. Think about how P90 Zhang Zhongjing wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases. According to his quotation, "Seek the ancient method diligently and learn from others". 3, P90 Use your head: Think about it, did Hua Tuo say so, why? Class summary: present the summary of the table of scientific and technological achievements in Qin and Han Dynasties. Consolidation test: 1. Show a group of multiple-choice questions and test and consolidate the content of this lesson.
2. Use thinking surfing to stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning knowledge and loving the motherland. If you have spare time, let the students finish their homework or preview 17 lesson.
Lesson 17: Prosperous Qin and Han culture (2) Teaching plan design Tan Fugen, the central school of Quyuan Town, aims to understand the brief historical facts of the introduction of Buddhism and the rise of Taoism; Understand Sima Qian's life story and the brief content of Historical Records; Understand the artistic achievements and majestic ability of Qin Terracotta Warriors: Through the cognition and feelings of Qin Terracotta Warriors, analyze the reasons for the spread of Buddhism and Taoism in China, improve the ability to analyze historical phenomena, cultivate students' historical aesthetic consciousness and improve their artistic appreciation ability. Emotional state.
4. After-class reflection on the history teaching plan in the second volume of the seventh grade, how to write teaching reflection?
Up to today, I have had thirteen history classes. On the basis of two weeks' practical teaching, observing other teachers' classes and instructing teachers to attend and evaluate classes, combined with my own experience, I summarized my own shortcomings in the actual teaching process and made clear the direction that needs to be improved in the future.
(A) students lack of understanding.
This is the root cause of my teaching mistakes at this stage. Because I was educated in Hebei since I was a child, what I know best is the learning situation of students in Hebei. Therefore, when setting up teaching at the beginning, it more embodies the characteristics of Hebei teaching model. In this teaching mode, students must increase their investment in learning history. But in the history of Hebei, there is a senior high school entrance examination, which is the biggest difference between the two regions, but I ignored it.
In addition, I have been in contact with senior three students for a long time, so when designing teaching links, I tend to focus on senior three history courses, which are comprehensive in content, just deviating from the learning characteristics of rebirth. Limited by age and experience, junior high school students are not easy to accept some technical terms and complicated historical events, which has deepened their confusion and aroused their disgust.
(2) Insufficient preparation before class.
Preparing lessons before class is an extremely important job, which directly determines the quality of your class. At the beginning of class, due to insufficient preparation before class, I often don't know what the next courseware will show, and even the appearance of some content will even give me a feeling of being caught off guard. So that the courseware took me away later, instead of me controlling the courseware.
One more thing, when preparing lessons before class, if some extracurricular knowledge is not clear, it is necessary to investigate it in advance. I mentioned the word "blank bomb" when I was teaching the October Revolution in Russia. As a result, students raised deeper questions about this word, which I didn't expect when preparing lessons. It is conceivable that the scene at that time was very embarrassing.
(C) unreasonable class schedule
A class lasts forty-five minutes. If the class time is unreasonable, it is easy to finish the class. In the first class, I spent fifteen minutes leading in before class, which was far beyond the normal range. Explaining textbook knowledge and handling exercises often means that the content of a lesson book can only be completed with two buts, or it can't help students form a complete knowledge system.
(D) The design of teaching activities is unattractive
In the first class, I got to know my students briefly. Meanwhile, in order to enliven the classroom atmosphere, I designed a simple game. Because I didn't understand the students at first, and I didn't fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the students before, there was silence in this link, and I almost finished the whole game alone. From this, I also fully feel that a boring class is suffering for both students and teachers.
(e) The lecture was straightforward and lacked highlights.
The most important feature of my class is telling the truth. In order to avoid following the book and help students form a complete understanding of historical events, when preparing lessons, I specially strung the knowledge in the textbook into a line and tried to cover everything. This not only failed to achieve the expected results, but put me in a dilemma. I've been instilling knowledge in my students throughout the class. Although the knowledge is closely related, it is too general, so that students can't grasp the key points and find the places they are interested in, and the response is naturally not enthusiastic. Obviously, this class failed.
(6) I didn't notice the details.
Details determine success or failure, but I often get lost in small details. For example:
1, when writing, the stroke order is wrong, and both the instructor and my students have mentioned it to me;
2, leaning on the podium in class, too many small moves;
3. I often forget to write on the blackboard, or the blackboard writing is too simple and casual.
The subtleties can show a person's quality and accomplishment. Attention to detail can also convey a positive attitude to students.
Teachers are a challenging profession, and the facial expressions of students in each class will directly touch my central nervous system. A semester's internship has just begun, and everything is difficult at the beginning. I have reason and confidence to believe that everything will be fine. In the days to come, learn lessons, study hard and be a qualified people's teacher.
5. Seventh-grade history lesson plans The second volume of seventh-grade history of Beijing Normal University Edition Beijing Normal University Edition contains a full set of lesson plans and exercises, with 270 pages, which cannot be completely copied here. You can download it from our website. The first lesson is the unification of the Sui Dynasty and the Grand Canal, with examples, focusing on this lesson: the Grand Canal in the Sui Dynasty; The difficulty of tyrant emperor Yang Di in this lesson: the establishment of the imperial examination system. Teaching process: 1. Introduction and review questions: (1) When did the Northern Zhou Dynasty unify the North? (2) (showing pictures of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty) In 58 1 year, this man seized the Northern Zhou regime and established the Sui Dynasty. Who is he? Second, teach a new lesson 1. The Sui Dynasty unified the economic development of the North and South Dynasties, and it is urgent to break the boundaries, strengthen economic exchanges and end the separatist situation.
After a long war, the broad masses of people long for unity and a more stable social environment. Therefore, the elimination of Chen in the Sui Dynasty ended the separatist regime for more than 270 years since the Sixteen Countries in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which was conducive to social stability and economic and cultural exchanges and development between the North and the South.
2. "Emperor's Rule and the Excavation of the Grand Canal" 1) "Emperor's Rule" The teacher asked the students to read the textbooks themselves, summarize them and then ask questions. Finally, the teacher summed up the main points: Sui completed reunification and social stability; Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty implemented the system of three provinces and six departments and the imperial examination system in the central government. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was thrifty and advocated reducing people's burden.
2) The Grand Canal teacher asked students to read textbooks and think: the powerful and prosperous Sui Dynasty enabled the Grand Canal to be opened. Does it taste good？ Multimedia demonstration: boats on the canal, granaries by the canal, cities by the canal. Explain the role of the Grand Canal with facts) (Students think) What role did the Canal play in the politics, economy and culture of China at that time? The opening of the Grand Canal changed the local geographical environment and formed an all-round water network from north to south.
The navigation of the canal has woven an unprecedented material exchange network, which has effectively promoted the breakthrough development of agriculture and handicrafts. The two sides of the strait are increasingly prosperous, and the number and scale of towns are increasing.
Luoyang, the center of the canal, is located in both north and south, and plays an important role in national politics and economy. Yangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River, with its large city, rich commodities, prosperous life and developed transportation, was called the best in the world at that time. Suzhou, the central city, is located in the center of the Jiangnan Canal, with busy shipping. Hangzhou, the starting point of the Grand Canal, was one of the richest counties in China at that time. The expansion and prosperity of cities have effectively promoted the prosperity and development of economy and culture. Later, more than one million people lived by the canal.
The navigation of the Grand Canal facilitates communication between the North and the South, and is conducive to maintaining national unity and centralization. The navigation of the Grand Canal has greatly promoted the scientific and cultural exchanges between North and South.
The Grand Canal is a great pioneering work to transform the rivers and mountains of the motherland. It is not only a north-south water artery, but also has an important influence on politics, economy, military and culture in the history of China. The ancient canal nurtured the ancient civilization of China and made it achieve unprecedented prosperity in economy, culture and transportation.
However, later generations have different opinions about the opening of the Grand Canal in Sui Dynasty. Introduce and evaluate the poems of the Grand Canal.
For example, once a thousand miles of river is opened, the waves will come for nine days. The brocade sail has not fallen, and the dragon boat has not returned.
-Hu Ceng Bianshui is the most beneficial to the Huaihe River, and the harm caused by strangers is also harmonious. Of the 43 states in the southeast, this river is the most popular.
-Li Jingzhi The Sui Dynasty died as a river, and thousands of miles passed through the waves. If there is no water temple dragon boat, there are not many theories about * * *.
-Pi Rixiu 3. Tyrant Yang Di and the demise of Sui Dynasty. The powerful Sui Dynasty perished in only 37 years. Is it caused by the Grand Canal? Why "fish when you are exhausted and die for this river"? Yang Di visited Jiangdu three times. (Multimedia presentation, which can be told by teachers or media, can guide and inspire students to think) 1.
In August 605, I went from Luoyang to Jiangdu for the first time. There are nearly 200,000 concubines, song and dance bands and attendants.
The entire fleet is connected end to end, with more than 200 miles before and after, and more than 80,000 people are strong enough to pull optical fibers for the fleet. There are also large cavalry escorts on both sides of the canal. Drumming all the way.
The fleet passed through the counties, forcing residents within 500 miles to contribute treasures and delicious food. Because there are too many blackmail products, I have to pour a lot of food into the river or bury it in the ground before I leave.
The fleet is like locusts. Everywhere it goes, it is eaten up and searched empty. 2。
In March of June10, I went to Jiangdu for the second time. He also ordered the Yangtze River to be opened for an eastward tour (Shaoxing, Zhejiang).
6 1 1 Cruise from Jiangdu to Zhuo Jun in February to prepare for the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. From 6 12 to 6 14, Yang Di attacked North Korea three times.
In order to transfer military supplies, when recruiting men, they recruit women. Some people cripple their limbs in order to avoid heavy corvee, which is called "blessing hands and feet".
War consumes a lot of manpower and material resources and brings endless military service and corvee. 3。
665438+In the autumn of 2006, I visited Jiangdu for the third time. At that time, people all over the world had begun to resist the tyranny of Emperor Yang Di.
Emperor Yang Di was still extravagant and corrupt, extorting money. At that time, there was a folk song that said, "To resist soldiers and elections (choose beautiful women), every family should collect iron.".
Gather iron to make a gun, and kill all the corrupt officials. In 6 18, Yang Di's guards staged a coup and hanged themselves with towels in Jiangdu.
The prosperous Sui Dynasty perished. Teacher's summary: One visit to Jiangdu reflects Yang Di's extravagance and decay, while the second visit to Jiangdu shows that Yang Di is eager for quick success and instant benefit, and the state bears the corvee and military service. The third visit to Jiangdu shows that Yang Di has lost his heart and even his subordinates are against him.
Students think about the reasons for the demise of the Sui Dynasty. Teacher guidance can discuss the relationship between the rise and fall of the country and the huge construction project, the relationship with the rulers, the relationship between the people's wealth and the country's wealth, and the enlightenment brought to us by the demise of the Sui Dynasty. Whether the construction of a huge building project is beneficial to the development of the country or brings the country into crisis depends on the use of the project by the rulers.
The opening of the Grand Canal has consumed a lot of manpower and material resources, and it should have been cultivated long ago to reduce the corvee tax. But in Yang Di's eyes, the Grand Canal first provided him with convenience, allowing him to cruise for pleasure, wage foreign wars and suppress the resistance of the domestic people.
Show prestige, consolidate rule and prepare for war by cruising. Exploitation has intensified, and military service and corvee have increased. As a result, the Sui Dynasty was submerged in the people's resistance.
The prosperity and strength of the Sui Dynasty was the result of Emperor Wen's efforts to govern the country, and the demise of the Sui Dynasty was the direct result of Yang Di's tyranny. Thus, in the feudal period, the personal quality and ruling ability of the rulers played an important role in the rise and fall of the country.