Buyi is a large minority in southwest China. Before liberation, Buyi people were called "Zhongjia", "Shuihu", "Yi", "Tubian", "Local" and "Around Home". During the period of 1953, representatives of Buyi people from all over Guizhou Province formally adopted Buyi people as their national names after consultation. Buyi people worship their ancestors, mainly believing in polytheism and nature worship. In addition to the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, there are February 2nd, March 3rd, April 8th and Ox King Festival, and the most grand festival is June 6th of the lunar calendar.

2. Daour ethnic group

Daur people mainly live in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province, and a few live in Tacheng County, Xinjiang. "Daur" means "pioneer" Ethnic origin qidan. /kloc-in the middle of the 0/7th century, in order to safeguard the reunification of the motherland, this nation fired the first shot of armed resistance against Russian invasion. The Daur people call the Spring Festival "Agne" and regard it as the biggest festival in a year. The 16th day of the first month is "Black Ash Day". On this day, people smear each other's faces, thinking that the darker they smear, the more auspicious the new year will be.

3. De 'ang (Dragon Collapse) De 'ang was originally named "Dragon Collapse". 1985 September 17 officially changed its name to De 'ang nationality with the approval of the State Council. "Longbeng" means that more than two-thirds of the people in all branches of De 'ang call themselves "De 'ang", which means "Shiyan". De 'ang nationality is one of the oldest nationalities in the southwest frontier, living on the west bank of Nujiang River as early as the second century BC. The traditional folk festivals of De 'ang mainly include Water-splashing Festival, Closing Festival, Opening Festival and burning white firewood, which are mostly related to Buddhist activities. De 'ang people also have ceremonies such as ancestor worship hall, village gods, land gods, dragons and girls, among which Dragon Boat Festival is the most interesting.

4. Dongxiang nationality

Dongxiang ethnic group is a mixture of many different ethnic groups living in Dongxiang in the second half of14th century, mainly Hui people who believe in Islam and Mongolian ancients. More than half of those who live in Gansu Province live in Dongxiang Autonomous County of Gansu Province. Dongxiang Festival, also known as Eid al-Fitr, is a traditional festival of Dongxiang nationality. According to Islam, September is the month of fasting in the Islamic calendar. The beginning and last day of this month are based on the new moon, and the second day after the expiration of fasting is a festival. Therefore, it is both a national festival and a religious festival.

5. Dong nationality

Dong nationality originated from the "Luoyue" in Qin and Han Dynasties. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, these tribes were generally called "Liao", and Dong people were a part of "Liao". Now it is mainly distributed in Guizhou and Hunan. Believe in polytheism and worship natural things. The dates of Dong traditional festivals vary from place to place, and the festival diet is often associated with banquet activities. The main festivals are wedding festival, bridge crossing festival, ox festival, New Year's Day, fireworks festival and so on. Dong people like bullfighting, and every village has a "Buffalo King" to compete.

6.Dulong people

Dulong was once called "Ren Xun" and "Quren". After liberation, according to the wishes of the nation, it was renamed Dulong. Now they mainly live in Dulong Valley in Gongshan, Yunnan. In the middle of this century, Dulong was still in the disintegration stage of primitive commune, and women still advocated the custom of tattooing. In the past, the religious belief of Dulong was still in the primitive stage of nature worship or animism, and even the only festival (Dulong language: Kakwa) was related to religion. The parade is held on a certain day in the twelfth lunar month every year (the time varies from place to place), and the length of the festival often depends on how much food is prepared.

7. Russians

Russians are ethnic minorities who gradually migrated from tsarist Russia to China and Xinjiang after18th century. During the reign of feudal warlords in Xinjiang, they were called "naturalized families". After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), it was renamed Russian. Mainly scattered in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang and other places with a small amount of distribution. The customs and habits of Russians in China are basically the same as those of Russians in the former Soviet Union. They believe in the Orthodox Church, and Russians attach great importance to traditional festivals, especially Easter. A week before the festival, I didn't eat meat, but only vegetarian food.

8. Hani nationality

According to historical records, Hani, Yi and Lahu nationalities originated from the ancient Qiang nationality, and now they are mainly distributed in southwest Yunnan. Hani people claim to be many, and they are collectively called Hani people after the founding of New China. Hani people believe in polytheism and worship their ancestors. Traditional festivals mainly include "New Year's Day" (10) and "Eating Zhazha" (May Day). In addition, there are two small festivals, namely "Seedling Planting Festival" (also known as "Yellow Rice Festival") and "Nianwei Festival".

9. Kazakh

Kazakhs have a long history. In the Western Han Dynasty, Wusun in the northern Tianshan Mountains was the ancestor of Kazakhs. These herdsmen who moved eastward were named "Kazakhs", meaning "asylum seekers" or "deserters". Kazakhs are mainly distributed in Xinjiang, with a few in Aksai, Gansu and Qinghai. Kazakhs used to believe in Shamanism, but converted to Islam around 1 1 century. The main festivals are Eid al-Adha, ji zi Festival and Nawureqi Festival. Kazakhs are hospitable and sincere. It is a traditional custom of Kazak people to throw "Balshak" and sugar to welcome happy events.

10. Han nationality

Han nationality is the most populous nation among the 56 ethnic groups in China, and it is also the most populous nation in the world. The Han nationality was originally called "Huaxia" in the Central Plains. Later, it gradually assimilated with other ethnic groups. Since the Han dynasty, it has been called the Han nationality. The most solemn festival of Han nationality is Spring Festival, as well as Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Tomb-Sweeping Day. Han nationality, like other nationalities, is rich in holiday food. It often skillfully combines rich nutrition, pleasing artistic forms and profound cultural connotations to become a typical festival food culture.

1 1. Jinuo nationality

Jinuo people live in Jinuo Township and its vicinity in Jinghong County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Jinuo people call themselves "Jinuo people" and Chinese translation is "Youle". 1979 was officially recognized by the State Council as the 55th ethnic minority in China. Jinuo people used to believe in animistic primitive religion, but mainly worshipped ancestors. Traditional festivals are mainly Chinese New Year, and the specific time is determined by each village, but most of them are held in the twelfth lunar month. Every September in the lunar calendar, Jinuo people celebrate the annual New Rice Festival, which is called "auspicious morning" by local people.

12. Jing nationality

Jing people mainly live in Jiwei, Wutou and Shanxin islands in Jiangping Township, Fangcheng Autonomous County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and are known as the "three islands of Jing people". The Jing nationality who claimed to be "Jing nationality", "Yue" or "Annan" in history, 1958 was officially named Jing nationality with the approval of the State Council. The Jing people mainly believe in Taoism, and a few people believe in Catholicism. Traditional festivals include Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Singing Ha Festival. One of the most solemn and lively festivals is the "Singing Ha Festival" (Song Festival). Singing Hado is held in Harding, which is a building with a unique national style.

13. Jingpo nationality

Jingpo nationality developed from a part of Xunchuan tribe in Tang Dynasty. Modern literature is often called "the top of the mountain", which mainly lives in the mountainous areas of counties in Dehong Prefecture. 1953 On July 24th, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous County was established, and 1956 was changed into an autonomous prefecture. Munao Zongge (Munao Zongge) is a traditional festival for Jingpo people to drive away evil and promote good and wish good luck and happiness. It is usually held after the fifteenth day of the first lunar month and lasts for 2-3 days. According to the legend of Jingpo nationality, it is a large-scale song and dance activity in which the sun in the sky gathers everything on the ground and spreads from rhinoceros to human beings, and later becomes the biggest festival of Jingpo nationality.

14. Kyrgyz

"Kirgiz" is a national self-declaration, and its meaning has many interpretations: "forty tribes", "forty girls", "mountain people" or "prairie people". Most Kirgiz people live in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture in southern Xinjiang. The biggest festival of Kirgiz in a year is Novozi Festival. According to the Kirgiz calendar, every new moon appears for one month, and twelve months is a year. Nowruz Festival is celebrated in the first month of every year, which is similar to the Spring Festival of Han nationality.

15. Lahu nationality

Lahu people are mainly distributed in Lancang, Menglian, Shuangjiang, Menghai and Ximeng counties in southern Yunnan Province. The word "Lahu" is a vocabulary in our national language. "Lahu" means tiger, and "Lahu" means barbecue. Therefore, the Lahu people were called "tiger hunters" in history. Traditional festivals of Hu nationality include Lahu Year, Pagoda Extension Festival (Spring Festival), Torch Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and New Year Tasting Festival. One of the biggest festivals is the Lahu Year. Legend has it that the Lahu brothers came from the gourd. On the first day of the lunar new year, Lahu men, women and children should wash their hands with gourd water to wash away the poverty of the past year and usher in a bumper harvest in the new year.

16. Li nationality

Li people live in Tongshi Town, Hainan Island. According to textual research, the Li nationality developed from a branch of the ancient Baiyue nationality. As early as four or five thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Li nationality flourished in Hainan Island and became the earliest residents on the island. Li people call themselves "filial piety", "ambiguity" and "Mobil" The use of Li people's names began at the end of the Tang Dynasty and is still in use today. The traditional festivals of Li nationality are Spring Festival and "March 3rd". Most festivals of the Li nationality are the same as those of the Han nationality, such as the Spring Festival, which is basically the same as those of the Han nationality. March 3 is a unique lunar festival of the Li nationality, which originated from the legend that the ancestors of the Li nationality produced offspring.

17. Barrow nationality

The Barrow ethnic group is mainly distributed in the southeast of Tibet, with a population of only over 2,300, which is the smallest ethnic group in China at present. Loba is what Tibetans call them, meaning southerner. Domestic slavery still existed before liberation. 1August, 965, officially recognized as a single nation. The Barrow people living in Medog and Milin follow the Tibetan calendar, and all festivals and sacrificial activities are not much different from those of Tibetans. Barrow of Ximeng called New Year's Day "Tiaogeng Valley Breast Surgery". Many places still retain the ancient custom of "clan assembly".

18. Manchu people

Manchu is mainly distributed in three northeastern provinces of China, with Liaoning being the largest. Among the 55 ethnic minorities in China, it ranks second only to the Zhuang nationality. Manchu has a long history, which can be traced back to Sushen people more than two thousand years ago. Heishui is the direct ancestor of Manchu, and later developed into Jurchen. 19 1 1 After the Revolution of 1911, Manchu was renamed Manchu. Traditional festivals include Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, February 1st, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Traditional sports activities such as "Pearl Ball", vault, camel jumping and skating are generally held during festivals. The Golden Festival is a day of "national celebration" for Manchu people. 1989 10 month, officially designated the annual 12 3 as the "Golden Festival".

19. Maonan nationality

Maonan people mainly live in the upper, middle and lower mountainous areas of Huanjiang County, Guangxi, and Maonan people are the indigenous people of Lingxi. Before the Tang Dynasty, Dai and Ling of the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties were their ancestors. According to historical records, Maonan nationality was called "Mao Tan" and "Maonan nationality" in ancient times, and it was approved by the State Council in August 1986, and it was renamed today. Maonan festivals have two obvious characteristics: first, ancestors must be sacrificed; The second is to carry out more singing activities. The biggest festival of Maonan nationality is Dragon Boat Festival from summer to the future every year. At the temple fair in May of the lunar calendar, the "meeting to drive away ancestors" in Tomb-Sweeping Day and the "flying birds" in the Lantern Festival are also their unique commemorative activities.

20. Mulao nationality

Mulao people, in their own language, the word "Mulao people" means "mother". Mulao people mainly live in Luocheng and other counties in Guangxi, and have their own language, but no writing. Most people speak Chinese and Zhuang, and use Chinese. In the past, the Mulao people believed in many gods and held many festivals. There are festivals almost every month of the year except October and November. The triennial "Fan Yi" Festival, also called "Joy and Enrichment", is the biggest festival of the Mulao people. The main purpose of "relying on food" is to make a wish to our ancestors, pray for the safety of people and animals, and reap a bumper harvest.