Yunnan Dai people are related to Baiyue people of ancient Dai people. Mainly engaged in agriculture, mainly planting rice, believing in Hinayana Buddhism. The population is about 1025 128 people distributed in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Dai people have their own language. Dai people can not only sing and dance well, but also create splendid culture, especially Dai calendar, Dai medicine and narrative poems.
Custom:
It is forbidden for outsiders to ride horses, drive cattle, carry loads, and send long hair into the stockade; When entering the Dai bamboo house, you should take off your shoes outside the door and walk gently inside; Can't sit above or opposite the fireplace, can't enter the owner's inner room, can't sit on the threshold; You can't move the tripod or push the fire on the fire pool; Whistling and nail cutting are forbidden at home; Don't use clothes as pillows, and don't sit on pillows; When hanging clothes, the coat should be high and the pants and skirts should be low; When entering a Buddhist temple, you should take off your shoes and avoid touching a series of Buddhist sacred objects, such as the head of a young monk, the Buddha statue, Mao Ge and flags.
Marriage customs:
"Catching yellow chickens" is a way for young men and women in Xishuangbanna to seek love by eating rumors, that is, girls take yellow chickens to the market to sell. If the buyer is a girl's lover, the girl will take the initiative to take out the stool and let it sit next to her. Through conversation, if the two sides love each other, they will hold the chicken and hold the stool to confess to each other in the Woods; If the buyer is not a girl's sweetheart, the girl will double the asking price.
Have some wine. When a man and a woman are engaged, the man clears the table and goes to the woman's house to treat them. When the guests dispersed, the man was accompanied by three male companions, and the woman and three female companions set a table for dinner. "Eat some wine" means eating three dishes: the first one is spicy; Second, there is more salt; Third, there must be sweets. It means passion, depth and sweetness. When the new house was completed, it was the young man who went upstairs first, singing blessing song with the bull's head, the mature man carrying the box, the married woman carrying the bedding, and the girls carrying the food in turn. Then, they set up a tripod on the fireplace, set the table, sang songs about the new house, and the villagers also sent some auspicious gifts to their owners.
On the wedding day, both parties will hold weddings at home, most of which are held at the woman's home first. At the wedding reception, the table should be covered with green banana leaves, and the dishes include blood curd, rice cakes and various dishes, symbolizing good luck. Before the banquet begins, the bride and groom should make a binding ceremony, that is, the wedding will wrap a white thread around their shoulders, and then tie two white threads on the wrists of the bride and groom to symbolize purity. Then, the old man kneaded the glutinous rice into a triangle, dipped it in salt, put it on the top of the tripod on the fireplace, and let it fall off naturally after burning, symbolizing that love is as strong as iron.
Eating habits:
Rice and glutinous rice are staple foods. Dehong Dai's staple food is japonica rice, and Xishuangbanna Dai's staple food is glutinous rice. Usually eaten on the spot. People think that japonica rice and rice only need rice when they are eaten on the spot, so they don't eat overnight rice or rarely eat it, and they are used to rubbing rice with their hands. All side dishes and snacks are mainly sour, such as sour bamboo shoots, sour pea powder, sour meat and wild sour fruit; I like to eat sauerkraut. It is said that Dai people often eat sauerkraut because they often eat sticky rice that is not easy to digest, and sour food helps digestion.
Daily meat includes pigs, cows, chickens and ducks, with little or no mutton. Dai people who live in the mainland like to eat dog meat, are good at roast chicken and roast chicken, and like fish, shrimp, crab, snails, moss and other aquatic products. Moss is a unique flavor dish of Dai people. When cooking fish, it can be made into sour fish or roasted citronella fish, or it can be made into fish steak (that is, roasted and mashed fish mixed with coriander and the like). ), fish jelly, grilled fish, white sauce eel, etc. When eating crabs, they are usually chopped into crab paste with shell and meat and eaten with rice. Dai people call this crab sauce "crab pudding".
Bitter gourd is a daily vegetable with the highest yield and the most cobalt.
There are many kinds of insects in Dai hot and humid areas. Flavor dishes and snacks made by insects are an important part of Dai food. Common edible insects are cicadas, bamboo worms, Okubo, turtles, ant eggs and so on. Dai people are addicted to alcohol, but their alcohol content is not high. They brewed it themselves, and it tastes very sweet. Tea is a local specialty, but Dai people only drink big leaf tea without spices. When you drink it, stir-fry it on the fire until it is burnt. When brewing, the taste is slightly burnt. Chew betel nut, mix tobacco and lime, all day long. Typical foods include dog meat soup pot, dried pork, salted eggs and dried eel.
Clothing:
Dai women's clothes are the most beautiful in the world. Like a proud peacock, colorful and amazing. As long as people who know the situation feel that this is not an exaggeration. Generally speaking, Dai women are slim, pure and beautiful, and graceful, so they are called "golden peacocks". They are not only beautiful, but also good at dressing up, dressing themselves up as beautiful as flowers and pure as jade with unique costumes. Dai women generally like to wear short sleeves and short skirts to fully show their slim figure. Wear white or crimson underwear above, and a tight coat outside, with narrow sleeves and collars, large lapels and double lapels. The colors are pink, light yellow, light green, white and sky blue. Nowadays, georgette, silk, polyester and other materials are mostly used for sewing. The sleeve coat tightly wraps the arm, and there is almost no gap. Many people still like to sew with flesh-colored materials. You can't see the sleeves without looking carefully. The front and back skirts are waist-length and tightly wrapped around the body, and then the short-sleeved shirt and uniform skirt are tied with silver belts to match the ankle uniform skirt. The waist is slim and small, and the hem is wide. This kind of dress of Dai women fully shows the beauty of women's chest, waist and buttocks. The fabric used is soft and bright, giving people an elegant and noble feeling whether walking or doing things.
Dai men generally wear collarless double-breasted or large-breasted small sleeve shirts, long-sleeved trousers, white cloth, green cloth or crimson cloth, and some wear tweed hats, which looks elegant.
Dai people, both men and women, always like to carry a cotton bag (handkerchief) on their shoulders when they go out. The satchel has bright colors, simple styles, strong life colors and national characteristics. There are rare birds and animals, flowers and trees or vivid geometric figures. Each pattern contains specific contents, such as: red and green are to commemorate ancestors; Peacock pattern indicates good luck; Elephant patterns symbolize harvest and a better life; It fully shows the Dai people's yearning and pursuit of a better life.
Festivals:
Celebrating the Dai New Year is one of the most famous national festivals in China. Generally, it is between April 13 and April 15 in Gregorian calendar. At that time, people will go to a nearby Buddhist temple to bathe the Buddha, and then splash water on each other to express their sincere wishes for the origin of the Water-splashing Festival. There is an old myth and legend circulating here, and you will hear the introduction of the tour guide during the tour. During the Songkran Festival, colorful folk entertainment activities will be held, such as cockfighting, peacock dance jumping, wallet throwing, dragon boat racing and lantern display.