P3-4 activity topic reference answer:

1, (1) Mountains and plains —— According to the value and density of contour lines, the southeast of the map should be mountains, and the northwest should be plains, with an altitude below 200 meters, which are divided according to the standards of natural areas.

(2) Forest areas and agricultural areas-According to the division standard of agricultural areas, the mountainous areas in the southeast should develop forestry, and the plains in the northwest should become agricultural areas and develop farming. In the area with steep slope and high altitude, there are no trees growing. How should we develop? Although the entrance increases and the residential areas expand, dividing agricultural areas can increase food production. However, this area is not suitable for farming because of its steep slope, which will cause soil erosion and affect the environment of the whole area. Therefore, forestry should be developed.

2. The first and second codes represent the first-level administrative region.

The third and fourth digit codes represent lower administrative regions.

The fifth and sixth codes indicate the code of the delivery department.

P5-6 activity topic reference answer:

1.

The dominant factor to determine boundary A is the influence of summer monsoon, which is roughly consistent with the 400 mm isorainfall line-the northwest region is deep inland, not easily affected by summer monsoon, and the precipitation is small and dry. The eastern monsoon region is affected by the summer monsoon, with more precipitation, which belongs to the humid and semi-humid region.

2.① Boundary B is closest to the 0℃ isotherm of 65438+ 10 month.

② Boundary B approximates the distribution of 800 mm isohyet.

③ The determination of boundary B is mainly influenced by temperature and precipitation-comprehensive climate.

④ Qinling-Huaihe River.

3. The boundaries between the first step and the second step are basically the same.

The dominant factor in determining the boundary line C is the terrain factor.

Section 2 North and South Districts

1, see the table below.

North of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains

The average temperature in January (above 0℃/below 0℃) is below 0℃ and above 0℃

The annual precipitation is less, ranging from 800 mm to 800 mm.

The main landforms are plateaus, plains, plains, hills and basins.

2. The northern vegetation type is temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest, and the southern vegetation type is subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. The main reason for the difference is the temperature difference. The average temperature in the north 1 month is lower than 0℃, and that in the south 1 month is higher than 0℃. The flow of rivers in the north is small, while the flow in the south is large. The main reason for the difference is the difference of precipitation, with less precipitation in the north and short rainy season, more precipitation in the south and long rainy season. Therefore, the dominant factors that form the natural differences between the north and the south are the obvious differences in climate, temperature and precipitation.

P 10 the answer to the activity question

The reasons for the northern and southern regions

Farming system Land use type Dryland dominates paddy field and climate dominates paddy field.

Climate of main crops: wheat, soybean, rice and rape.

Crops are cooked once a year or twice a year or twice a year.

The traditional mode of transportation is mainly land transportation, and the terrain of water transportation by car and carriage is mostly used.

Traditional houses have small roof slope, thick wall, large roof slope and high climate wall.

Others are different from Bangzi and Qinqiang Opera, singing high-pitched Yue Opera and Huangmei Opera, and singing euphemistically.

2. "Oranges born in Huainan and oranges born in Huaibei" reflects the regional nature of agricultural production. The main reason is the climate difference between the north and south of Huaihe River. Because of the difference of natural conditions (mainly climate) between Huainan and Huaibei, it is difficult to produce oranges, which makes the same seeds bear different fruits in Huaibei.

3.65438+ 10 The average temperature in the north is lower than 0℃ in October, and the temperature in winter is low, which lasts for a long time and is too low for students to attend classes normally. Therefore, the winter vacation in the north is longer, and the summer in the south is hot and rainy, and it lasts for a long time, and the temperature is too high, so it is easy to get heatstroke, and students can't attend classes normally, so the summer vacation in the south is longer.

Northwest China and Qinghai-Tibet region

Living in the deep inland, far away from the sea, coupled with the high mountains blocking the humid airflow, it is difficult to reach the humid airflow from the ocean, so there is little precipitation and the climate is dry here.

From east to west is grassland-desert grassland-desert.

Answers to activity questions

(1) and Lhasa have an annual average temperature of about 7℃, and Chengdu has an annual average temperature of about 16℃.

Lhasa is located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an average elevation of more than 4,000 meters, while Chengdu is located in the Sichuan Basin. The influence of topography on temperature is that the temperature decreases with the elevation, which is about 0.6℃ for every elevation 100 m. Therefore, the higher the terrain, the lower the temperature.

Abundant solar energy: the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has high terrain, clean and thin atmosphere, good air transparency, less energy loss when sunlight passes through the atmosphere, and more heat reaching the ground. In addition, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has many sunny days and long sunshine hours, so the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is rich in solar energy.

The birthplace of great rivers: the Qinghai-Tibet region is high in terrain, so the climate is cold. Many mountains are covered with snow all year round and glaciers are widely distributed, which is the birthplace of many rivers.

P 16 activity question answer:

(1) Inner Mongolia is a temperate grassland pasture with a vast grassland area and tall and lush pastures; Qinghai-Tibet region is an alpine grassland pasture with high terrain, many mountains, relatively small grassland area and short and sparse grassland.

The reasons for this difference are as follows: a, the terrain is different, and the Inner Mongolia Plateau is flat and gentle; The Qinghai-Tibet region is mountainous and rugged. B. the climate is different. Inner Mongolia Plateau belongs to temperate continental climate, with high temperature in summer, lush grassland and diverse vegetation types. Qinghai-Tibet region belongs to the alpine climate, with low average temperature in summer, which is only suitable for the growth of cold-tolerant grasses and other plants.

2. The pastoral area in Inner Mongolia is one of the four famous pastoral areas in China, and the residents mainly graze. In areas with good natural conditions, pasture grows vigorously, so residents graze in these areas. In order to meet the needs of nomadic life, herders generally live in yurts made of wool felt, which is easy to disassemble, carry and install. A yurt is a round tent supported by wooden poles and covered with white wool felt. The yurt has doors and windows, and the roof can be opened for lighting and ventilation.

Beijing National Political and Cultural Center

1, (1) Beijing is located at 40 north latitude and116 east longitude, on the northern edge of North China Plain, bordering Bohai Sea in the southeast and Hebei and Tianjin. The terrain is mainly plain, and rivers flow from northwest to southeast, so the terrain is high in northwest and low in southeast.

(2) Beijing enjoys a superior geographical position, with the Loess Plateau energy base and vast northwest in the west, the plains extending to the Bohai Sea in the southeast, and the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain with rich products in the south. The northwest can enter the Inner Mongolia Plateau, and the east can enter the northeast. Energy, raw materials and food are abundant. Therefore, after the founding of New China, Beijing will be its capital.

Beijing is the cultural center of our country: colleges and universities are concentrated, and there are many gymnasiums, museums and art groups.

P23 activity questions:

After the Liao Dynasty (1, (1)), some spatial changes have taken place in the ruins of Beijing City, which are roughly as follows: First, the spatial scope of the old city of Beijing has been expanding; Secondly, the spatial distribution gradually expanded from the original site of Nanjing City in Liaoning Province to the north and east, and then contracted to the south in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which changed the outline of the old city from a square in Liao Dynasty to a rectangle in Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and evolved into a "convex" shape in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

(2) The constant changes of the ruins of the old city in Beijing are closely related to water sources. As can be seen from the picture, no matter how the location of the city changes, we must always ensure that there is sufficient water near the city to provide sufficient water for production and living. Therefore, with the continuous increase of urban population and the continuous enrichment of urban functions, the abundance of water resources directly restricts the development of cities and the changes of urban sites.

2. The reasonable ways to protect the Forbidden City are: (1) restricting daily ticket sales; (two) advocate civilized environmental protection behavior; (3) Using modern information technology to develop virtual tourism; (4) Strengthen management; (5) Increase capital investment to protect the Forbidden City.

P26 activity problem

1, urban modernization involves many aspects, which can be understood from the following aspects: traffic facilities construction; Information quantity; Green space and environmental protection; Housing; Modern educational technology; Living standard; Clothing; Rich in tourism resources; Shopping convenience, etc.

2.( 1) makes sense.

(2) While building and developing the city, pay attention to maintaining the pattern and original features of the old city, protect and repair important ancient buildings, gardens and characteristic blocks, and expand the construction of urban green space and urban water network. In order to protect the environment, we will focus on developing enterprises and high-tech industries that consume less energy, water and pollution.

Hong Kong and Macau

1, Hong Kong: 6070, Macau: 17244

2. Hong Kong is vast, sparsely populated, mountainous and flat. The construction areas are mainly distributed in mountainous areas with sparse vegetation, which fully protects the existing land resources.

3. Heaven: avoid repeated waste of land, make full use of space and maximize the use of land resources.

Going to sea: expanding land area, disadvantages: destroying ecological environment.

4. The construction of urban environment is also very important.

P32 activity problem

Talent flow: it is conducive to the exchange of talents between Hong Kong, Macao and the mainland of China;

Scientific and technological exchanges: promoted the rapid development of science and technology in the two places;

The tourism industry in Hong Kong and Macao is developed, and the number of Hong Kong and Macao tourists in Chinese mainland is increasing day by day, which has promoted the economic development of Hong Kong and Macao.

Xinjiang

1 Xinjiang is characterized by "three mountains and two basins". "Three Mountains" refer to Altai Mountain in the north, Tianshan Mountain in the middle and Kunlun Mountain in the south. "Two basins" refer to the Junggar basin in the north and the Tarim basin in the south.

2.( 1) The population, cities and transportation facilities in Tarim Basin are mainly distributed in oases. Xinjiang is far away from the sea, which leads to drought and little rain. The water sources are mainly alpine ice and snow and glacier melt water. Under its nourishment, there are many oases in the foothills of the basin edge, where the population and cities are concentrated. There are also cities and people along the river. The distribution of transportation facilities is closely related to population and cities, and most of them are distributed along the edge of the basin, connecting the oasis where population, cities and economic activities are concentrated. It is not only close to the water source, but also promotes the development of the city and economy and facilitates people's lives.

(2) The long distance between oases leads to inconvenient local traffic, and people in oases lack information exchange, which hinders people's trade between oases and local social and economic development. The improvement measures are mainly to improve local traffic conditions and build railways or highways.

(3) Desertification is most likely to occur at the edge of the oasis, that is, at the junction with the desert zone. The environment in these areas is very fragile, and the destruction of vegetation and unreasonable utilization of water resources can easily lead to land desertification and salinization. When people produce and live in these areas, they should protect the environment, prohibit overgrazing, prohibit the destruction of vegetation, make rational use of water resources and protect existing cultivated land.

Teaching material P43 activities

1 Xinjiang is located in the northwest inland, with less precipitation, strong sunshine, vigorous evaporation, lack of water resources and widespread deserts. The construction of water conservancy projects adapted to the local environment, such as "Karez", made up for the shortage of local water resources, maintained the survival of oases and developed oasis agriculture with distinctive characteristics. "Karez" consists of four parts: shaft, culvert, open channel and waterlogging dam. Precious groundwater is transported from the foothills to the basin through culverts, which irrigates many oases. Karez, Wan Li Great Wall and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal are also called the three major ancient projects in China.

2 in the development and utilization of water resources in Xinjiang, we should do the following:

(2) Vigorously build water conservancy infrastructure, such as inter-basin water transfer and reservoir construction; (3) Actively adopt advanced water-saving irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation to develop water-saving agriculture. (4) Save water and prevent water pollution; (5) Change the agricultural planting structure and increase the proportion of water-saving and drought-resistant crops.

3.( 1) In order to quickly increase farmers' income and get rich as soon as possible, Turpan farmers adjusted their crop planting types. The direction of adjustment is to plant characteristic crops that meet market demand.

(2) Some advanced technologies implemented locally are aimed at the lack of water resources in Xinjiang. Xinjiang is short of water resources and the oasis area is limited. Adopting advanced technology not only makes rational use of water and soil resources, but also improves the output and quality of agricultural products.

(3) Suggestions: A, advertise on TV and Internet, and increase the promotion of products; B, processing fruits locally and converting them into industrial products not only increases local economic income, but also facilitates the long-distance transportation of products; C, actively adjust the industrial structure, develop diversified economy, and get rid of poverty as soon as possible.

Teaching material P46 activities

1 the significance of the west-to-east gas transmission project to the economic development of the eastern and western regions lies in that the implementation of the west-to-east gas transmission project will give full play to the advantages of energy and raw materials in the central and western regions of China, rapidly increase local fiscal revenue, promote the development of local related industries such as construction and steel industry, provide more employment opportunities for local people, greatly promote the economic development of the western region and narrow the economic gap between the eastern and western regions. At the same time, the implementation of the West-to-East Gas Transmission Project has alleviated the energy shortage in the economically developed areas in the east, reduced the production cost in the east and improved the increasingly severe environmental situation in the east.

2. Xinjiang is rich in oil and gas resources and has great potential. The predicted reserves account for about 1/3 of the total reserves in China, and the natural gas in Tarim basin alone accounts for 22% of the total onshore natural gas resources in China. The west-to-east gas transmission project will drive the development of large oil and gas fields such as Karamay, Luntai and Kuche in the west, and the development of oil and gas fields such as Qaidam Basin in Qinghai and Yumen in Gansu.

3. The economic benefits of the West-to-East Gas Transmission Project are as follows: increasing local fiscal revenue, promoting the development of local related industries, providing more employment opportunities for local people, greatly promoting the economic development of the western region and narrowing the economic gap between the east and the west. In the process of engineering construction, it is absolutely not allowed to exceed the prescribed scope, so as not to destroy the surface vegetation. The implementation of the west-to-east gas transmission project has improved the energy structure of cities and villages around Tarim Basin and protected the local environment.

Chu Chiang Delta

Favorable factors of opening to the outside world in Pearl River Delta;

Location factors: The Pearl River Delta enjoys a superior geographical position, being at the "southern gate" of the motherland, bordering the South China Sea, Hong Kong and Macao in the south, and facing Southeast Asia across the sea, with convenient land and water transportation.

Human factors: a large population and abundant labor resources, many places are famous hometown of overseas Chinese, attracting a large number of overseas Chinese to invest here.

Policy factors: the state implements the policy of "opening to the outside world and giving priority to development" in the Pearl River Delta region.

P53

1, (1) The per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of the Pearl River Delta is growing rapidly, while the national growth is slow, and the difference is very obvious.

(2) After the mid-1980s, this difference became more and more obvious. The reason for this phenomenon is that the Pearl River Delta has taken advantage of its superior geographical location, and a large number of overseas Chinese have come here to invest. The state has implemented the policy of opening to the outside world in the Pearl River Delta, established special economic zones and made great efforts to develop the export-oriented economy, which has greatly promoted the rapid economic development in the Pearl River Delta.

2. The main factors affecting the industrial layout are: ① raw materials and fuel; ② Land and labor; 3 market; ④ Traffic conditions; ⑤ the level of science and technology. The Yangtze River Delta has become a hot spot for Taiwanese investment. The main reason is that the Yangtze River Delta is rich in human resources and strong in scientific and technological strength, which is more suitable for developing high-tech industries and can promote rapid economic development.

3. As shown in the table below.

Teaching material P56 activities

1 1984, that is, in the early days of reform and opening up, cities and towns in the Pearl River Delta region were sparsely distributed, with a small number and a small scale, and the growth of non-agricultural population was slow. In 2000, the distribution of cities and towns in the Pearl River Delta became more and more dense, the number was greatly expanded, the scale was continuously expanded, and the non-agricultural population grew rapidly. The main reason is that the Pearl River Delta enjoys a superior geographical position, is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, enjoys preferential national policies, develops rapidly and needs a lot of labor. In order to pursue better employment opportunities, higher economic income and higher living standards, people have moved south to the Pearl River Delta, resulting in a sharp increase in population.

2. A large number of agricultural land is converted into industrial, commercial, residential and transportation land, which may lead to a series of environmental problems (such as water pollution, air quality decline, garbage accumulation, green area reduction, etc. ) and social problems (such as traffic congestion, vehicle congestion, noise pollution, housing shortage, etc. ) In the process of urban development, the Pearl River Delta can only achieve moderate development, scientific and rational planning, pay attention to environmental protection, appropriately introduce foreign population and do a good job in publicity and education.

Xishuangbanna

1, the annual average temperature in Xishuangbanna is above 20℃, and the highest temperature appears in May every year; Precipitation is greatly influenced by monsoon, and the whole year is obviously divided into rainy season and dry season. The southwest monsoon from the Indian Ocean prevails from May to 10 every year, with more precipitation, which is the rainy season. From June 65438 to April of the following year, the northeast monsoon from the mainland prevailed with little precipitation, which was a dry season and became a typical tropical monsoon climate.

Xishuangbanna is located in the south of Yunnan, south of the Tropic of Cancer, with a tropical monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is above 20℃, and the climate is hot and humid. Dai people live in bamboo buildings for ventilation and heat dissipation, and can also prevent insects and snakes. The local food crop is rice, which is one of the favorite staple foods of the Dai people.

3(2) The original rainforest here is well preserved, and you can enjoy the unique landscape and tropical animals of the rainforest.

This is a place where ethnic minorities live in compact communities, and you can enjoy the unique national culture of the Dai people.

Teaching material P63 activity

1 For a long time, Xishuangbanna's economy has been dominated by agricultural production. In the middle and late 1980s, with its unique location and resource advantages, tourism developed rapidly, and its proportion increased continuously, reaching over 45% at the end of 1990s, becoming a local pillar industry. The development of tourism has promoted the development of many departments, increased employment opportunities and per capita income, improved people's living conditions and promoted the economic development of Xishuangbanna. Tourism has become an important pillar industry.

2. The reasons for the decline of tourism in Xishuangbanna are as follows: ① The surrounding tourist attractions appear one after another, and the competition is fierce; ② The scenic spots are scattered, without scale, and the reception is not international; (3) Illegal vendors lure customers to shop, which affects their reputation; (4) The ecological environment is under great pressure; ⑤ Some scenic spots are similar and have no features.

3. Measures to strengthen tourism development: ① Integrate and transform existing tourist attractions; ② Strengthen the planning and transformation of tourist attractions; ③ Strengthen the supervision and management of tourist attractions; ④ Intensify publicity; ⑤ Develop new tourism projects.

loess plateau

1. Location and scope of the Loess Plateau: The Loess Plateau starts from Taihang Mountain in the east, reaches Wushaoling Mountain in the west, Qinling Mountain in the south and the Great Wall in the north. It spans most or part of seven provinces and regions including Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Gansu.

2.( 1) Distribution law of Gobi, desert and loess: Gobi, desert and loess are in turn from left to right. Because of the wind, the wind blows away the loess in Gobi and desert, and the loess accumulates in the downwind zone of desert area, accumulating over time and forming the Loess Plateau year after year.

(2) The loess material source of the Loess Plateau-the basis of "aeolian theory" t① The thickness of loess is generally uniform, indicating that loess is blown from the sky, not rushed by running water; ② The loess particles are getting finer and finer from northwest to southeast, indicating that the material flows from northwest to southeast; (3) There is ancient soil in loess, which indicates that it is not the product of local rock weathering, but foreign; ④ The mineral composition is the same as that of Gobi and desert in Central Asia and Mongolia, indicating that it originated from Central Asia and Mongolia.

Teaching material P69 activity

1 The function of surface vegetation (including forest and grassland) is to keep water and soil, prevent wind and fix sand, and reduce soil erosion. The surface vegetation is rich, and local soil erosion is very small; Lack of vegetation on the surface, local soil erosion is very serious.

2. The causes of serious soil erosion in the Loess Plateau are as follows: ① Natural causes: a. Topography: steep slope, long ground and strong erosivity; B. Vegetation: bare and naked, lacking vegetation protection; C. Soil quality: loose, porous and with vertical cracks; D. climate: precipitation is concentrated in July and August, with heavy rain. ② Man-made reasons: a. Deforestation and grass planting, land reclamation on steep slopes, destruction of surface vegetation; B. Mining, road construction and other activities make the surface loose.

3. The areas with serious soil erosion in China are distributed in the north of North China Plain, the Loess Plateau, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The surface vegetation in these areas is scarce, or the slope is steep, with heavy rainfall and long rainy season.

Along the Yangtze River

1( 1) The upper reaches of the Yangtze River are dominated by mountains, while the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are dominated by plains and low hills.

(2) There are different ways to use resources in the east and west along the Yangtze River: ① Can hydropower be developed in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River? Because the current here is fast and the drop is large. ② We can develop tourism along the Yangtze River, because the areas along the Yangtze River are rich in tourism resources. We can develop freshwater aquaculture in the middle and lower reaches because there are many lakes here. We can develop inland navigation in the middle and lower reaches, because the middle and lower reaches are wide and deep.

(d) The natural resources along the Yangtze River mainly include coal, iron, nonferrous metals, natural gas and hydropower. (2) The natural resources in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River mainly include coal, natural gas and hydropower. The natural resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are mainly iron and nonferrous metals. The water energy of the Yangtze River is mainly concentrated in the upper reaches. Non-ferrous metals are distributed in the middle and lower reaches, with abundant reserves and various types. The area along the Yangtze River is an economically developed area in China, which has an important connection and radiation effect on China's economic development.

Teaching material P78 activity

1( 1) Outline the major cities along the Yangtze River and their railway lines: Chongqing (Chengdu-Chongqing Line), Wuhan (Beijing-Guangzhou Line), Jiujiang (Beijing-Kowloon Line), Nanjing (Beijing-Shanghai Line) and Shanghai (Beijing-Shanghai Line).

(2) The economic radiation direction along the Yangtze River is from the local belt to the north and south, reaching the southern coastal Pearl River Delta region in the south and North China and Northeast China in the north. This has integrated the North and South economies and strengthened regional economic cooperation.

() ① Non-ferrous metals and hydropower resources along the Yangtze River can be transported to the north-south direction by means of north-south tributaries and traffic trunk lines; (2) The trade along the Yangtze River is integrated with the Pearl River Delta, North China and Northeast China with the help of trunk traffic lines, which promotes the development of trade.

I think professionals are right. The construction of railways and expressways along the Yangtze River can give full play to the role of ties and radiation along the Yangtze River, promote the economic development of the east and west, and integrate the north and south economies of China, which is more conducive to rapid economic development.

P83 textbook activities

The lower reaches of the Yangtze River have developed industries, dense population and large electricity consumption. The upstream hydropower resources are abundant and the power is sufficient. The way of cooperation is to send electricity from the west to the east, which will transport hydropower from the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River to the downstream areas to alleviate the energy shortage. The downstream areas are densely industrialized, developed in economy, advanced in technology and strong in scientific and technological strength, while the middle and upper reaches are the opposite. The way of cooperation is to respond to the call of the country's western development, increase financial and technical support for the western region, and accelerate economic development.

The unreasonable development and utilization along the Yangtze River has caused a series of ecological and environmental problems.

P85 textbook activities

1 Prevention and control measures of soil erosion in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River: ① Construction of shelterbelts in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River; ② Planting trees and grass; (3) Returning farmland to forests, grasslands and wetlands; ④ Prohibition of overgrazing; ⑤ Build an earth retaining dam; ⑤ Control population and change ideas. 2. The area of natural lakes is reduced, and the flood storage capacity is reduced. Return the lakes one by one, expand the lake area and improve the flood storage capacity of lakes. Plant trees and grass by the lake to maintain water quality and conserve water. Precipitation is abundant and concentrated, and flood control and water conservancy facilities are built one by one in rainy days, such as building or strengthening reservoirs and rebuilding levees on both sides of the Yangtze River. 3. Measures for the prevention and control of water pollution in the Yangtze River: ① government departments carry out macro-control, manage according to law, and strengthen publicity and law enforcement; (2) controlling population; ③ It is forbidden to discharge untreated waste residue, waste gas and waste water from the factory into rivers; (4) Industrial upgrading equipment to completely control the acid rain problem; ⑤ Industry should strive to realize the recycling of "three wastes".

P88 teaching material activities

1 the conditions of economic development should be analyzed from the aspects of geographical location, natural conditions, resources, land and labor, market and technical strength.

2. Take the "Power Transmission from West to East" project as an example.

(1 The energy distribution area and energy consumption area are uneven.

① Coal is concentrated in Shanxi, Shaanxi and western Inner Mongolia, and hydropower resources are mainly concentrated in the southwest and the main tourist areas of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River; ② Energy consumption places are mainly concentrated in the economically developed eastern coastal areas where energy (electricity) is in short supply.

(2) The significance of "power transmission from west to east". four

In order to meet the demand of national economic development for power growth and realize the sustainable development of energy resources and environment, it is necessary to speed up the development of abundant hydropower resources and coal resources in the southwest and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River, and export them to the relatively developed eastern coastal areas, implement the power development strategy of "transmitting electricity from the west to the east" and promote the coordinated economic and social development in the eastern and western regions.

(3) The "Power Transmission from West to East" project includes three parts.

① Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi send hydropower and thermal power to Guangdong; (2) Hydropower from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is sent to East China; (3) Hydropower in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and thermal power in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia are sent to Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan.