Stone architecture is elegant, generous, high, wide and straight. The main building structure matches some semi-circular roofs at the upper end.
The main purpose of this architectural form is to create a solemn, elegant, great and noble atmosphere based on God, so that believers can feel pious. In that polytheistic era, for ordinary people, there was indeed a feeling that this god was above everything else.
To sum up, we can find several characteristics of Russian traditional architecture: techniques developed from wood structures, such as layered and stacked buildings, steeples of large inclined tents, and folk reliefs on external walls derived from them; In addition, the independent tower-shaped structure and the piled helmet-shaped section decoration are the products of the times.
Question 2: What is Russian style? Russian style design is mainly based on simple colors and calm tones. While emphasizing rationality and calmness, it also adds a little surprising creativity to configure. It is most appropriate to describe its style with the movie "This Black Boy is Not Too Cold". The overall characteristics are lightness, magnificence, exquisiteness and delicacy. The interior decoration is tall, slender and asymmetrical. Curves and arcs with changeable shapes and directions, such as "C", "S" or scroll coupons, are frequently used, large mirrors are often used as decorations, and garlands, bouquets, bows and arrows and shell patterns are widely used. Make good use of gold and ivory white. Bright, soft, light and luxurious colors. The interior decoration is elegant, and the production technology, structure and lines are euphemistic and soft, creating a relaxed, clear and friendly space environment.
Russian style design is based on light beige, and the ground and large blocks are divided into deep walnut and dark color, which has strong visual effect. The dark suede sofa and walnut furniture are selected to highlight the texture, and the decoration is matched with the post-modern natural home furnishings of the natural department, which sets off the humanistic and elegant atmosphere of the space, and the overall space feels calm and elegant.
Russia is located in the north, rich in wood resources, even restaurants are no exception. Birch floors and solid wood dining room tables and chairs give people a feeling of closeness and tenderness. The overall feeling is simple and a little warm. Although it looks little different from Chinese style, it feels like Russian style.
Russia has many cities since Kiev and Russia. Kiev, Novgorod, Pskov, Chernigov, Polotsk, Smolensk, Vladimir, etc. They are the oldest cities in Russia, and reached a considerable scale in10-1century. At that time, there were 8 markets and many churches in Kiev. Novgorod has wooden streets and wooden water pipes. With the development of economy and the increase of contact with Byzantium, more and more Russian buildings, mainly large buildings, are built of stone. Ms Rosoliga of Kiev built a huge stone palace with two floors for herself, decorated with marble, colored slates and paintings inside and outside, and the ruins still exist. A mansion on the outskirts of Vladimir, built in the12nd century (Andre? All belong to the Duke of Bo Golev), and there are also white stones and marble buildings.
Question 3: One of the greatest features of Russian classical architecture is the influence of Orthodox Church. After the Orthodox Church was introduced into Russia, the architectural art of Byzantine churches had a great influence on Russian Orthodox Church, and the lobby of Hagia Sophia became a model of Russian Orthodox Church.
Neoclassical architecture also occupies a very important position in Russian classical architecture, and St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg is one of the representatives.
In addition, mixed architectural styles are also commonly used in Russian architecture. The Cathedral of the Savior is a masterpiece of Venice's Byzantine style and neoclassical style.
The architectural form of the famous Kremlin combines the architectural styles of Byzantium, Russia, Baroque, Greece and Rome.
There are other architectural styles, such as Baroque. The Winter Palace in St. Petersburg is an outstanding example of Russian Baroque architecture in the middle of18th century.
Question 4: What is the birthmark of Russian architectural style? Wood architecture Russian people lived around forests earlier, and used local materials to build their homes. The wood resources are inexhaustible. Traditional buildings are mainly made of wood. /kloc-After accepting Christianity at the end of 0/0 century, influenced by Byzantium, stone buildings began to appear, but they were mostly used in public buildings. However, the traditional Russian wooden building technology is still preserved and mixed with stone buildings. Wooden buildings can build beautiful and practical houses with simple techniques (such as tenon joint and bolt joint) and less manpower, and can flexibly change complex shapes. The Xiao Mu Church in the picture is located in Suzdari. You can imagine some characteristics of wooden buildings. Apart from the religious decoration at the top, the steep sloping roof is mainly due to the snow in the cold climate. This kind of hut is simple in form, but the wood is easy to push and build additional ancillary buildings, such as wing corridors on both sides. In other places, you can see a more complex appearance developed from this basic style, such as the Church of the Nativity in Peredki Village, Novgoro State (→ picture link). Absorption-the rise of stone buildings In 988, Archduke Vladimir of Kiev ordered all Russians to be baptized as Christians (Orthodox Church). With the introduction of Christianity, the architectural form of Byzantium fully influenced Ross, which occupied most of eastern Europe. Building materials are stone buildings, but in form, they are elegant, generous, tall, wide and straight. This main building structure matches some semi-circular roofs erected at the upper end. The earliest typical Byzantine architecture is located in Sofia Cathedral in Kiev (built at 1037), which imitates the design of Sofia Cathedral in Constantinople. There are 13 domes on it, and later buildings gradually reduce the domes. At first, the vault is usually large and flat, and then gradually elongated, pointing upward, and also developing sideways, becoming full; Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod is the first church with onion roof in Russia. The main purpose of this architectural form is to create a solemn, elegant, great and noble atmosphere based on God, so that believers can feel pious. In that polytheistic era, for ordinary people, there was indeed a feeling that this god was above everything else. Byzantine architectural form has a far-reaching influence, and it has been the mainstream form of large-scale religious architecture until Peter the Great carried out the westernization policy in the early18th century. This influence can be seen in the main church of Moscow Kremlin (USPENSKIJ Sobor, built in 1475- 1479). Metamorphosis-Tower Structure and Folk Relief In the early days, religious architecture was a place for a national tribe or a country to discuss, and it was a symbol of cohesion. With the change of those in power, the form of religious buildings is also adjusted with the ideology of the new regime. 1 132, the Russian principality in Kiev split, and Kiev's political status declined, and it was replaced by the Vladimir-Suzdari principality in the northeast. Tserkov Pokrova Na Nerli (built in 1 165) located outside Vladimir's suburb shows that Russian religious architecture is gradually getting rid of the formality of Byzantine. First of all, it is obvious that its independent tower-shaped architectural style is a breakthrough. The structure of the lower half is reduced, but the advantages of Byzantium are maintained. This is a nearly perfect and balanced cube. The trisection of each facade is a typical Christian numeral concept, representing the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. The tower that jumped from it symbolizes the trinity, the supreme and the only god, which makes believers look forward to it. Secondly, the relief on the outer wall of the church reflects the carving and decoration techniques of Russian wooden buildings on stone buildings. It is different from Roman reliefs. Roman reliefs pay attention to decorative patterns with strong religious significance, and decorate the walls with carved patterns widely circulated in Russian folk wooden houses, such as flowers, birds and animals. Social and economic changes have also affected the form of religious buildings. In the past, most churches were built by upper-class rulers and nobles. After the society becomes rich, businessmen and ordinary people can also raise funds to build it. As a result, the size of the church has become smaller and the decoration has become more civilian. This church of Notre Dame Nellie is small, lovely and dignified. The perfect dome ratio is one of the most irresistible contours I have ever seen, like a young, healthy and confident woman. Do not believe me, you can compare the domes of various churches. Actually, there are similarities and differences. Some of them are flat, like dew falling to the ground, and will overflow (out of breath). Some are as sharp as onions (too much), and some lines are as strong as flames (too much). This building blends the solemnity of Byzantine with the Russian style.
Question 5: What is the difference between Russian architectural style and Belarusian architectural style? I have lived in Belarus and Russia for six years, and I feel basically the same. 199 1 Before the disintegration of the Soviet Union, it was a country with the same architectural style. The difference is that "white" colors can be seen everywhere in Belarus, such as clothes and churches. Even having something "white" in your mind means cleanliness and purity.
Question 6: What are the famous buildings in Russia? 100 points Kremlin
The Kremlin [1] was once the palace of the czars of past dynasties and the oldest building complex in Moscow. After the October Revolution, it became the seat of the Soviet Party and government organs, and later became the seat of the Soviet Party and government organs. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, this place became synonymous with Russia. Located on Mount Borovicz, where the Negrina River meets the moscow river. Moscow river in the south, Alek Sandrov Garden in the northwest and Red Square in the southeast. Built in 1 156. Originally a wooden wall, 1367 was changed to a stone wall. /kloc-The brick palace wall (2.5km in circumference) of the 5th century has been preserved to this day. In the central church square, there are Ascension Church, Angel Church, Good News Church, Ivan the Great Bell Tower and polygonal palaces in 15 and 16 centuries. 1788 Senate building (now * * * building) completed. The Kremlin building was built in11940s. There are 20 towers around the palace wall. The most magnificent towers in the palace are Spartak, Nikolai, Troitsk, Paul Weitz and Waldorf Astoria. At 1937, five Kremlin red stars were installed on the tower.
St basil's cathedral
The sacred Brasilia Cathedral in Moscow is the most concrete and subtle symbol of Moscow and even Russia, and it is also the most representative memorial building in Russia. Entrusted by Ivan IV, this church was built between 1555 and 156 1 to commemorate his conquest of Kazan khanate.
1588, Feodor? Tsar Ivanovich is the building of St. Vasily, the Russian Orthodox Church. A small auditorium was added to the east of Blano's tomb. Since then, the church has been widely called "St. basil's Church".
It is said that after the completion of the church, Ivan blinded all the architects who participated in the construction of the church because he didn't want them to build more magnificent buildings than the church.
Red Square (in Moscow)
In Russian, "red" means "beauty" and "red square" means "beautiful square". The large-scale expansion of Red Square is after 18 12. At that time, Napoleon's army set fire to Moscow, and the people of Moscow broadened the Red Square when they rebuilt their homes. In the 1920s, Red Square merged with the neighboring Vasilevschi Square, forming its present scale. Red Square is 695 meters long from north to south and 130 meters wide from east to west, with a total area of over 90,000 square meters. The square is covered with ochre red square stones, shiny and shiny. Both sides of the square are inclined, and the whole red square seems to be slightly raised. On the south side of the square, on the slope slightly inclined to moscow river, stands Vassili? Blanie Cathedral. This church was built in 1555 ~ 15 1 year to commemorate the Russian czar's occupation of Kazan Principality and astrakhan. It is known as an outstanding representative of ancient Russian architectural art. The church is composed of nine churches, large and small, and eight smaller churches around it surround the larger churches, forming a group of exquisite buildings. These nine churches are dome towers, with the central main tower 47 meters high and surrounded by eight onion-shaped domes with different heights, shapes, colors, patterns and decorations. The church is made of red bricks and decorated with white stone components. The top of the dome is glittering with bright red, yellow and green. The whole church is permeated with a strong festive atmosphere. In front of the church, there are patriots Minen and Bo Zalsky Monuments.
Moscow's Red Square
There is a three-story red brick building in the north of Red Square, with eight buildings in the north and eight buildings in the south. This is a historical museum built in19th century, with a collection of 4.5 million exhibits. On the east side of Red Square is the largest state-owned department store complex in Moscow, which was built in the early 1920s, with two floors and a business area of nearly 80,000 square meters.
There are many famous buildings in Red Square, and to the south is Vasily Ascension Cathedral, also known as Pocroft Cathedral. It was built by Ivan the Terrier to commemorate 1552' s victory over the Tatar army in Kazan. When you see this church, you will be attracted by its unique architectural style. In the middle of this church is a church roof with a big spire. Eight small domes with different colors and patterns are scattered around it, and nine golden onion-shaped church roofs are wonderful. Ivan Ray ordered the architect to be blind so that such a beautiful church would not appear elsewhere. (Poor architect! In front of Vasily Ascension Cathedral are statues of national heroes Minen and Bo Zalsky (the statue was completed on 18 18). From 16 1 1 to 16 12, the Polish invaders were defeated and Moscow was liberated.
In front of the church is a circular platform, commonly known as the guillotine. Someone said to the crowd that year ... >>
Question 7: What is this building in Russia? Russian people lived around the forest earlier, and used local materials to build their homes. The wood resources are inexhaustible. Traditional buildings are mainly made of wood.
/kloc-After accepting Christianity at the end of 0/0 century, influenced by Byzantium, stone buildings began to appear, but they were mostly used in public buildings.
However, the traditional Russian wooden building technology is still preserved and mixed with stone buildings.
Question 8: What are the characteristics of Russian furniture style? Russian style generally refers to the unique style of Europe, which is generally used in the construction and interior industries. European style is a kind of traditional style, which refers to a style with traditional European artistic and cultural characteristics. According to different periods, it is often divided into: classical style (ancient Roman style, ancient Greek style), medieval style, Renaissance style and Baroque style.
Question 9: Why is the architectural style of Russia very similar to the Orthodox Church, a typical Byzantine building?
Question 10: What kind of building is this in Russia? The largest building on Kizi Island in Russia, the transfiguration church of Christ, the Russian Orthodox Church, or the transfiguration church of the Lord. Built in 17 14, made of silver-white European poplar. The church is 37 meters high, divided into three floors and has 22 onion-shaped domes.