(1) Intercropping of Bamboo Arch Plastic Greenhouse
① Intercropping Eggplant with Chinese Cabbage If the plastic film under the plant is put into Chinese Cabbage during the eggplant harvest in July, the eggplant plant will shade the Chinese Cabbage, cool down and humidify, and create microclimate conditions suitable for the growth of Chinese Cabbage. Chinese cabbage can be harvested in June 5438+10, which is the season of vegetable shortage in autumn. The price of Chinese cabbage is good, and the economic benefit of growing vegetables is higher. For example, Tang, a farmer from the Seventh Society of Shuangfeng Village, Jinhua Township, Shuangliu County, Chengdu, 1994 planted early-maturing eggplant on 667m2 of land covered with arch shed and plastic film at the end of February, with a planting density of 3,400 plants per 667m2. It was listed on April 28th, when the price was 3.6 yuan/kg. By the end of August, the output of eggplant was 5 100 kg, with an output value of more than 6000 yuan and 6 Chinese cabbages. Plant eggplant rows on July 20, with two rows in the middle of each carriage. More than 3,000 plants were harvested in June 5438+ 10, with a yield of 1.500 kg and an output value of 2,670 yuan. Due to the main attack on the two off-seasons, the income from planting vegetables in the 667㎡ arch shed in two seasons is more than 8,800 yuan.
② The winter melon intercropped in greenhouse is a heat-resistant vegetable, which should be sown in early April and harvested in early June when cultivated in the open field. It is the main anti-season road vegetable with low price and low economic benefit. For example, if winter melon and early-maturing eggplant vegetables cultivated in greenhouse are interplanted, they will be planted in late February. Before May, the light and heat conditions in the greenhouse were good, which could meet the growth and development conditions of wax gourd. Winter melon can be harvested in early May, which was a seasonal vegetable at that time, and the price per kilogram could reach 4 yuan. By the end of May, after the film in the greenhouse is removed, the winter melon vines will climb into the greenhouse, and the leaves can be covered with eggplant vegetables. For example, Yu Zhixiang, the third group of Yongtong Village, sanjiang town City, chongzhou city, 1990 winter, cultivated eggplant seedlings10/000.5m2 and earned more than 8,800 yuan. After seedling raising, the income from planting eggplant was more than 6300 yuan, and the income from interplanting wax gourd and bitter gourd in greenhouse was more than 600 yuan/kloc-0, which offset the investment in greenhouse.
(2) The amount of stubble covered by plastic film net in greenhouse throughout the year.
Jiulongpo District of Chongqing 1993 ~ 1994 was covered with plastic film and plastic sunshade net all year round, sunshade net was used from May to September, and film was used from June to April of the following year. Through variety selection and stubble adjustment measures, the greenhouse facilities were further utilized, the economic benefits were significantly improved, and the "all-vegetable type" and "all-vegetable type" were summarized.
Seedling vegetable type: ① Ginger (late March)-Lettuce or Chinese cabbage (mid-August)-eggplant fruit seedling (65438+1late October). ② Solanaceae (early March)-autumn cucumber (middle July)-Solanaceae seedlings (late June 10). ③ Early cowpea (mid-March)-autumn eggplant (early July) or autumn kidney bean (late July)-seedling (65438+1late October). (4) Saxifraga or Amaranth (early March)-Chinese cabbage (mid-May)-celery (late June)-eggplant seedlings (65438+1mid-October).
Whole vegetable type: ① vine seedlings (late February)-celery (late June)-cold winter vegetables or red rape (65438+1early October). ② Zucchini (mid-late February)-lettuce or Chinese cabbage (mid-June)-dwarf kidney beans and green onions (mid-August)-cold winter vegetables or red rape (101early October). ③ Annual cultivation of leek. ④ Rattan seedling (late February)-green onion (mid-June)+Chinese cabbage-cold dish in winter (65438+1early October). ⑤ Annual cultivation of auricularia auricula roots. ⑥ Annual cultivation of edible fungi with different temperature types. Coprinus comatus was planted in April-May, Auricularia auricula was planted in June-September, Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus ostreatus were planted in June-March.
These stubbles also take into account the off-season of vegetable varieties, which fully reflects the early and late cultivation under the condition of "net film" coverage. For example, ginger cultivated in the open field germinates in late March, is planted in the middle and late April and is harvested in August-September, while ginger cultivated in greenhouse can germinate in late February, be planted in late March and be harvested in early July. Planting cold winter vegetables in the open field should be sown before and after the National Day, but under the cover of the sunshade net in the greenhouse, it can be sown as early as the beginning of September or even the beginning of August, and it can be harvested before and after the National Day.
Through two years' experiment and demonstration, nine science and technology demonstration households have generally achieved high economic benefits. The annual output value of demonstration households is more than 9000 yuan, with an average output value of 9799.38 yuan per 667㎡, which is 3949.38 yuan higher than the average output value of 5850 yuan per 667㎡ of large greenhouses in the whole region. Under the condition of little increase in cost, the annual output value of greenhouse increased by 67.5% every 667 m2, which showed that adopting "net film" annual coverage, correctly selecting varieties and adjusting stubble were effective measures to improve the economic benefits of greenhouse.