CCD cameras are divided into two categories according to the imaging color:
1, color camera: suitable for distinguishing the details of the scene, such as distinguishing the colors of clothes or scenery. Because of the color, the amount of information increases, which is generally considered to be 10 times that of black and white cameras.
2. Black-and-white camera: used in areas with insufficient light and areas where lighting equipment cannot be installed at night. When only the position or motion of the scene is monitored, a black-and-white camera with a resolution usually higher than that of a color camera can be selected.
The working principle of CCD is that the light reflected by the photographed object propagates to the lens and is focused on the CCD chip through the lens. CCD accumulates corresponding charges according to the intensity of light, and generates electrical signals representing pictures after periodic discharge. After filtering and amplification, the standard composite video signal is output through the output end of the camera. This standard video signal is the same as the video output of home video recorder, VCD player and home video camera, so it can also be recorded or connected to TV to watch.
Extended data:
CCD was invented by Willard S Boyle and George. Smith from Bell Laboratories, telephone 1969. At that time, Bell Laboratories was developing videophones and semiconductor bubble memories. After combining these two new technologies, Boyle and Smith came up with a device, which they named "charge bubble" device.
This device is characterized by its ability to transfer charges along the semiconductor surface, so it is tried to be used as a memory device. At that time, the memory could only be input by "injecting" the charge from the register. But it was immediately discovered that the photoelectric effect can generate charges on the surface of this device, thus forming a digital image.
In 1970s, researchers in Bell Laboratories were able to capture images with simple linear devices, and CCD was born. Several companies continued this invention and started further research, including Fairchild Semiconductor, RCA and Texas Instruments. Among them, Fast Semiconductor's products are the first to be listed. 1974 published a linear device with 500 units and a flat device with 100x 100 pixels.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia -CCD