(1) Wet hands are not allowed to touch electrical appliances and devices, otherwise it is easy to get an electric shock. It is best to use a cable switch for the light switch.

(2) The power fuse cannot be replaced by copper wire. Because copper wire has a high melting point, it is not easy to fuse and cannot protect the circuit, so it is necessary to choose a suitable fuse.

(3) Screw lampholders should be used and safety covers should be installed.

(4) Removable appliances such as rice cookers, electric woks and induction cookers should be unplugged after use to prevent switch failure. Because long-term electrification will damage electrical appliances and cause fire.

In general, ordinary families should not use electric stoves. If they want to use the electric stove, they should have a special line. The household lighting circuit cannot be connected to the electric furnace, because the electric heating wire of the electric furnace is easy to contact with the heater, which directly or indirectly causes an electric shock accident.

3. Will fluorescent lamps cause fire?

Although the temperature of fluorescent tubes is not high, in fact, fires caused by fluorescent tubes also occur from time to time. Why? The problem is not the lamp tube, but the ballast of fluorescent lamp.

Different specifications of fluorescent lamps have different requirements for voltage and current, so a ballast should be equipped to reduce voltage and limit current. Ballast is composed of enameled coil and silicon steel sheet. Its structure is like a small transformer, except that it has only one set of coils. When the ballast is energized, a part of electric energy is consumed and converted into heat energy. Therefore, after the ballast is energized, both the coil and the silicon steel sheet will heat up, especially the poor quality ones are more likely to heat up. If the temperature is too high, it will damage the insulation, form a short circuit and ignite the nearby combustible materials.

Therefore, the ballast with good quality should be selected when purchasing, and the ballast should not be directly installed on flammable materials when installing, and attention should be paid to keeping a certain distance from flammable materials. Attention should also be paid to moisture-proof ventilation in daily life, and it is best not to switch fluorescent lamps frequently.

How to prevent the microwave oven from catching fire?

(1) Avoid using closed containers: use wide-mouth containers when heating liquids, because the heat generated by food heating in closed containers is not easy to dissipate, so that the pressure in the containers is too high and it is easy to cause blasting accidents. Even if you cook food with shells, you should pierce the shells with needles or chopsticks in advance to avoid bursting after heating, splashing out to pollute the furnace wall or hurting people.

(2) Avoid fried food: high-temperature oil will splash and cause fire. In case of accidental fire in the furnace, don't open the door, turn off the power first, and then open the door to cool down after the fire is extinguished.

(3) Avoid working in front of the microwave oven for a long time: After turning on the microwave oven, people should stay away from the microwave oven or at least 1 m away from the microwave oven.

(4) Eggs with shells and sealed food cannot be cooked directly. In case of explosion.

(5) The furnace should always be kept clean. After disconnecting the power supply, wipe it with a damp cloth and neutral detergent. Do not rinse or let water flow into the electric appliances in the furnace.

5. How to prevent the electric mattress from catching fire?

(1) See if the voltage used is the same as the household power supply.

(2) Don't wet the electric mattress, otherwise it will easily cause leakage.

(3) Avoid breaking the heating wire to prevent short circuit.

(4) The power-on time should not be too long.

(5) Ordinary electric mattresses should not be used with other heat sources such as thermos bottles to avoid local overheating.

(6) Unplug the electric mattress after use.

6. How to prevent the electric fan from catching fire?

(1) The continuous working time should not be too long, and it should be used at intervals as far as possible. When you stop using it, you must unplug the power plug.

(2) Don't let water or metal objects enter the electric fan to prevent short circuit and fire.

(3) Add engine oil or sewing machine oil to the oil hole regularly to keep lubrication and avoid motor heating. Remove the dust from the shell and cut off the power supply.

(4) If it is found that the power consumption is high or the shell temperature rises, it should be repaired in time.

(5) If there is abnormal noise, smoke, burning smell and shell numbness, power-off measures should be taken quickly.

7. How to prevent the air conditioner from catching fire?

(1) Before starting the air conditioner, check whether there are any foreign bodies such as loose screws and fan displacement, and remove them in time to prevent accidents.

(2) The air conditioner shall be equipped with protective devices (such as thermal fuses, etc.). ). When a fault occurs, the fuse will be disconnected, cutting off the power supply.

(3) When using the air conditioner, it should be operated in strict accordance with the requirements of the air conditioner.

(4) Sufficient allowance should be left for the watt-hour meter and wires of the air conditioner, and appropriate power fuse should be selected. Once overloaded, you can cut off the power supply in time.

(5) The air conditioner must be well grounded or zero-connected, and the insulation resistance should not be less than 2m Ω before use. The sealing terminal of fully enclosed compressor should be tested for withstand voltage and insulation to prevent it from causing cold oil to overflow and catch fire.

(6) Flammable articles shall not be piled up around the air conditioner, and curtains shall not be hung on the window air conditioner.

(7) The air conditioner should be operated under the close supervision of the owner, and the switch should be turned off when people leave. Even the air conditioner with remote control device should not be left unused for a long time.

8. How to prevent the electric iron from catching fire?

(1) When using the electric iron, we must overcome careless thoughts, and we must not leave the electric iron in disorder. Personnel are not allowed to leave after the electric iron is electrified.

(2) Electric irons should not be collected in a hurry until they are completely cooled. Even if there is a power failure, all power supplies must be cut off (because once a phone comes in, it may cause a fire).

(3) The backing plate on which the electric iron is placed should not only have a considerable thickness (using incombustible materials), but also be far away from all combustible materials, because experiments have proved that the back temperature of 4cm red brick can reach 420℃ after heating 14O minutes; After heating 0.8cm steel plate and 1.5cm asbestos plate for 90 minutes and 68 minutes respectively, the back temperature can reach 280 degrees Celsius, which has reached the ignition point of ordinary fabrics.

(4) Install the connection according to the instructions, and the power supply voltage should meet the requirements. The power cord and lead-out wire of the electric iron should have sufficient cross section to prevent overload.

9. How to prevent TV from catching fire?

(1) The TV should be placed in a well-ventilated place, not in a cupboard or kitchen. If you want to put it in a cupboard or kitchen, you should open more holes in the cupboard and kitchen (especially the corresponding parts of the TV cooling holes) to facilitate air cooling.

(2) Don't put the TV set near the stove or heating pipe. Continuous viewing time should not be too long. Generally, it should be closed for a period of time after 4-5 hours of continuous viewing, especially in high temperature season.

(3) The power supply voltage should be normal. After watching TV, turn off the power.

(4) The TV set should be placed in a dry place. Pay attention to moistureproof in rainy season. If the TV is not used for a long time, it will be used for several hours at intervals. When using the TV, liquid should be prevented from entering the TV.

(5) Outdoor antenna or * * * antenna should have lightning protection facilities. Lightning arresters should be grounded properly, and outdoor antennas should not be used in rainy days.

(6) If the TV smokes or smells burnt, please turn off the TV immediately. If the TV is on fire, unplug it first, cut off the power supply, and put out the fire with a dry powder fire extinguisher. In the absence of a fire extinguisher, cover the TV with a quilt and cotton blanket to isolate the air and suffocate the fire. Don't splash it with water, because the TV set is hot at this time, and the picture tube will explode when it suddenly cools down.

10, how to prevent refrigerator fire?

(1) Don't store dangerous chemicals in the refrigerator; If it must be stored, pay attention to the absolute seal of the container to prevent it from leaking.

(2) Ensure that the back of the refrigerator is dry and ventilated, and do not place flammable materials behind the refrigerator; Do not let the power cord of the refrigerator touch the compressor and condenser.

(3) When the electric control equipment of the refrigerator fails, it should be stopped immediately for inspection and maintenance. It is necessary to prevent the temperature-controlled electrical switch from getting wet.

(4) After the refrigerator is cut off, it will take at least 5 minutes to restart.

1 1. How to prevent the washing machine from catching fire?

(1) Connect the wires before using the washing machine to prevent electric leakage and electric shock.

(2) Before putting away the clothes, check whether there are keys, knives, coins and other items in the clothes pocket. Don't put these hard things into the washing machine.

(3) Do not exceed the rated capacity of the washing machine at a time, otherwise the motor may be damaged due to overload.

(4) It is forbidden to put clothes that have been rubbed with flammable liquids such as gasoline into the washing machine immediately for washing. You can't pour gasoline into the washing machine to remove oil stains.

(5) Always check whether the insulation layer of the power cord is in good condition. If it is worn, aged or cracked, it should be replaced in time. Always check whether the washing machine leaks water. If it leaks, stop using it and repair it as soon as possible. The washing machine should be placed in a relatively dry and ventilated place.

(6) After the power supply is connected, if the motor does not turn, it should be powered off immediately, and then used after troubleshooting. If the contact between timer and selector switch is poor, it should be stopped.

12. What should I pay attention to when using electrical appliances in summer?

(1) For TV sets, air conditioners and other electrical appliances, the use time in summer should not be too long, generally not more than 10 hour, especially for TV sets, it is best to stop using them after four or five hours and take cooling measures; For electric water heaters, always check whether the automatic regulating device is damaged to avoid explosion or fire caused by overheating; The refrigerator should also be placed in a ventilated place.

(2) Never put electric lights in the wardrobe to bake clothes.

(3) For electrical appliances that are often used in summer, such as electric showers, table fans, washing machines, etc. Some practical measures should be taken to prevent electric shock, such as often testing whether the metal shell is charged with an electric pen and installing an electric shock protector (leakage switch).

(4) There is more rain in summer, and more water is used. If water enters the house unexpectedly, the power supply should be cut off first, that is, the main switch or fuse in the house should be unplugged to prevent the household appliances being used from accidents due to water entry and insulation damage. Secondly, after cutting off the power supply, move the household appliances that may be wetted to a place that is not wetted, so as to prevent the insulation from being wetted, which will affect future use. If the electrical equipment has been soaked in water, the insulation is likely to be wet. Before using it again, test the insulation resistance with a special shaking table for equipment insulation. If it meets the specified requirements, it can be used, otherwise it should be dried until the insulation is good.

(5) Frequent use of household appliances in summer may lead to fuse blowing, which is a warning of excessive power consumption. Don't change the fuse thicker and thicker, lest it can't be blown in time when it is short-circuited, causing the wire to catch fire.

(6) Unplug idle or used electrical appliances.

13. What should I pay attention to in electrical decoration?

Electrical decoration, such as indoor circuit wiring, switch socket layout, chandelier, ceiling fan installation, etc. , it is necessary to be convenient, beautiful and save materials, but also to consider the whole decoration from the perspective of safety to avoid hidden dangers of accidents.

(1) You should ask an electrician who has passed the examination and has an electrician certificate to carry out electrical decoration for you.

(2) The electrical materials used must be qualified products, such as wires, switches, sockets, leakage switches, lamps, etc.

(3) In the incoming line of the house, a distribution box with a leakage switch must be installed. Because there is a leakage switch, once there is leakage at home, such as electric shell charging, personal electric shock and so on. The leakage switch will trip, thus ensuring personal safety.

(4) When wiring indoors, the socket circuit and the lighting circuit should be wired separately. The socket loop shall adopt a single-stranded insulated copper wire with a cross section of not less than 2.5 mm2, and the lighting loop shall adopt a single-stranded insulated copper wire with a cross section of not less than 1.5 mm2. Generally, plastic sheath line can be used.

(5) When wiring, the plastic sheath line or other insulated wires used shall not be directly buried in the cement or lime paint layer. Because the wires buried directly in the wall can't be pulled out and can't be pulled out. Once a line is damaged and needs to be replaced, it can only be rerouted. When changing wires, there should be no connector in the middle, because the connector is directly buried in the wall. Over time, the insulating tape at the joint will age, and long-term burial in the wall will cause leakage. In addition, the wiring of most families will not be constructed according to the drawings, and accurate wiring diagrams will not be kept. When the wire in the home wall is damaged, or even the nail pierces the wire, the phase wire and the zero wire will be short-circuited, the fuse will be blown under the light, and the spark generated during the short circuit will burn the nail and even cause a fire. If the nail is only nailed on the phase line, the nail is charged and people stand on the ground, it is very likely to get an electric shock accident. So we have to bury it through pipes.

(6) The installation height of the socket is generally 1.3m from the ground, and the minimum should not be less than 0. 15m. When connecting the socket, the left side facing the socket should also be connected to the working zero line, and the right hole should be connected to the phase line; For single-phase three hole socket, the left hole facing the socket is connected to the working zero line, the left hole is connected to the phase line, and the upper hole is connected to the zero line trunk line or ground line. It is forbidden to connect the upper hole and the left hole with wires.

(7) The installation height of the wall switch is generally not less than 1.3m from the ground and not less than 0. 15-0.2m from the door frame. The wiring of the switch shall be connected to the phase line of the controlled lamps or appliances.

(8) When the ceiling fan is installed, the height of the fan blade from the ground shall not be less than 2.5m When installing the chandelier, when the weight of the lamp is below 1KG, the flexible wire can be used for self-hoisting, but the flexible wire in the hanging box and lamp holder must be knotted. When the weight of lamps and lanterns exceeds 1KG, chains and hooks should be used, the upper ends of bolts should be separated from the embedded parts of buildings, and wires should not be stressed.

14. How often do you check the wires in the house? Who do you want to check? How to check?

According to the regulations, the inspection should be conducted once every three years, and an application should be made to a local professional with a qualified certificate, and a "high resistance meter" should be used for inspection.

15, what are the consequences of wire binding?

The wire is bound, which may cause the wire to be partially broken, resulting in high impedance, heating of the wire, and then the wire will catch fire.

16. Why should the wires avoid being pressed by heavy objects?

If the wire is pressed by a heavy object, it may cause local fracture of the wire, resulting in high impedance and heating of the wire, damage to the insulation surface and short circuit of the wire.

17, what are the most common hazards in the use of household appliances?

Long-term use, wire or motor overheating and damage insulation, resulting in wire short circuit and fire.

18, where is the most common location of wire short circuit?

Contact parts of sockets and plugs, exposed wires are damaged by external force or electrical appliances are overheated, resulting in internal short circuit.

19. Why do electrical plugs need to be cleaned frequently?

If the electrical plug is not cleaned frequently, dust, hair or rust will gradually accumulate at the two poles of the plug, which will increase the electrical impedance and cause a fire.

20. What is the danger of replacing fuses with other metals?

The electricity consumption is overloaded, and it can't melt and cause a fire.

2 1. What if the transformer explodes or the wire falls to the ground?

Please inform the power company immediately, and guard the site on behalf of it, and don't let pedestrians or vehicles approach (pass) to avoid electric shock.

22. How to deal with the phenomenon that the meter shell or water pipe is a little leaking by hand?

Please immediately notify the power company (or district business office) or entrust the electrical equipment contractor to send someone to deal with it as soon as possible.

23. How to put out the fire of household appliances or lines?

(1) Turn off the power immediately, unplug the power plug or pull down the master brake. If only electrical appliances are found to be on fire and smoking, the fire will automatically go out after the power failure.

(2) If combustible materials such as wire insulators and electrical enclosures catch fire, wet quilts and other covers can be used to put them out.

(3) Don't splash water directly to put out the fire, so as to avoid electric shock or electric explosion.

(4) household appliances shall not be connected to the power supply without repair after a fire, so as to avoid electric shock and fire accidents.

(5) Don't put out the electrical fire with water or foam extinguishing agent without cutting off the power supply, otherwise the firemen are in danger of getting an electric shock at any time.

24. What should I do if I get an electric shock?

Electric shock is a kind of electric injury, that is, a certain amount of current passes through the human body, causing physical injury or dysfunction, and even death. The harm of electric shock to human body is quite great. Most people who get an electric shock will have symptoms such as palpitation, panic, pallor, fatigue and dizziness. Severe electric shock will also cause convulsions, shock and death. Electric shock may also cause complications, such as blindness, deafness, mental disorder and paralysis. And the longer the electric shock time, the greater the harm to life.

(1) When your partner gets an electric shock, you should actively try to rescue him, so that he can get out of danger as soon as possible and reduce the harm caused by electric shock.

(2) To avoid electric shock, first of all, you need to know the common sense of safe electricity use. The installation of indoor wires is generally divided into concealed installation and concealed installation. The wires shall be made of moisture-proof, corrosion-resistant and finely assembled plastic sheath line. Black tape should be wrapped around the wire connector. Clothes and articles shall not be hung on the wire, and the rope or wire for drying clothes shall not be tied to the post or near the wire.

(3) When a person is at home, don't play with electrical appliances casually and don't pull the latch switch. If the switch is broken, your touch can easily make you get an electric shock.

(4) When buying new appliances at home, you should carefully select them, read the instructions carefully before using them, and do them in strict accordance with the requirements.

(5) If a relative or partner comes into contact with electricity, the first thing you should do is to cut off the power supply. If you can't find the power supply at the moment, you can unplug the wire with a dry wooden stick or bamboo pole. Never touch the victim or the injured directly with metal or wet wood to avoid electric shock. If you can't find something suitable to dial the wire in a short time, or if the injured person is already breathing weakly, then you should try to cut and cut off the wire to get the electric shock person out of the power supply.

(6) If the electric shock happens to fall in a wet place, in this case, you must wear rubber shoes or stand on a dry board to save people. If the person who gets an electric shock is exposed to high voltage above 1000 volts, then you must not approach the injured person rashly because you are eager to save people, and the powerful current will not let you go. Only by turning off the power can you touch the person who gets an electric shock.

Gas safety

25. What should I pay attention to before using gas?

When using gas, be sure to pay attention to whether there is any odor, and then ignite it when it is confirmed that there is no air leakage, and pay attention to good ventilation.

26. What should be paid attention to when using gas cylinders?

(1) Please pay attention to the inspection cycle of cylinders and attach the inspection standard.

(2) Please keep the cylinder upright to avoid violent vibration.

(3) Place it in a well-ventilated place to avoid sunlight.

(4) Don't use the cylinder upside down.

(5) Don't put items on the cylinder to avoid fire.

27. How can residents prevent the leakage of combustible gas?

(1) Professional construction personnel designated by natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas companies shall carry out the construction and transformation of gas pipelines.

(2) You should buy special hoses, matching hose buckles and pressure reducing valves. Purchase from designated or regular natural gas liquefied petroleum gas stations (stores).

(3) The joint of hose, hard pipe and gas appliance must be fixed with special buckles, and it is not allowed to be fixed by wire winding or without any fixing measures.

(4) The hose should not be mopped for too long, generally about one meter, and the whole hose should not be squeezed after laying.

(5) Check and replace the hose regularly to prevent the hose from aging and damage due to accidental extrusion, friction and thermal radiation.

(6) Use liquefied petroleum gas cylinders in strict accordance with relevant regulations, and do not dump or soak them in hot water, let alone heat them, and the residual liquid shall not be disposed of by itself.

(7) If there are old people and children at home, try not to let them change cylinders themselves.

(8) Close the shut-off door on the pipeline or the valve on the steel cylinder after use, especially for residents who are not sensitive to smell such as rhinitis. If you are away from home for a long time, you should pay more attention to closing the main door or cylinder valve.

(9) If the gas stove at home is found to be faulty, it should be repaired by the manufacturer in time, and it cannot be used with fault.

28. How to find out whether the gas pipeline leaks?

When you suspect that the gas pipe (pipeline) at home is leaking, don't use matches or lighters for ignition test, but use soap bubbles to check whether there is leakage.

29. Where is the safest place to install the gas water heater?

It should be installed in a well-ventilated outdoor place to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning accidents.

30. What is the phenomenon that gas fireworks show red flames? What's the danger? What should I do?

The gas flame is normally light blue, and if it is found to be red, it means that the combustion is incomplete. If there is danger of carbon monoxide poisoning, please ask a gas professional to repair and adjust the stove immediately.

3 1, how to know the gas leakage?

(1) odor-household gas mixed with odorant will have its own flavor when it leaks.

(2) Vision-gas leakage will produce foggy white smoke in the air.

(3) Hearing-there will be a "hissing" sound.

(4) Touch-When the hand approaches the leak, it will feel cool.

32. How do residents take emergency measures after combustible gas leaks?

(1) When you smell a slight smell of combustible gas in your home, carefully identify and eliminate it. If it is determined that there is a slight leak in the home, first of all, open the door immediately to form ventilation convection, reduce the concentration of leaked combustible gas, and close all doors and valves.

(2) While opening the window for ventilation, keep the electrical equipment in the leakage area in its original state, and avoid switching the electrical equipment to prevent explosion, such as turning on the light (whether it is a cable or a button), turning on the exhaust fan, turning on the range hood, and making a phone call (whether it is a landline or a mobile phone), so as to avoid sparks and arcs, and igniting and detonating combustible gas.

(3) If it is found that the combustible gas leakage is not caused by obvious reasons such as the burner switch is not turned off or the hose is damaged, it shall immediately notify the property department for maintenance.

(4) If you smell a strong smell of combustible gas as soon as you get home, you should shout it out quickly and inform your neighbors that "combustible gas has leaked" in the fastest way, so that everyone can pay attention to putting out open flames and avoid switching on and off electrical appliances. At the same time, if you want to leave the leakage area, call 1 19 where the concentration of combustible gas is low to explain what kind of combustible gas is leaking.

33. What should I do if the gas tank catches fire?

Once the gas tank catches fire, cover it with soaked bedding and clothes to put out the fire, and quickly close the valve.

44. What should I pay attention to when setting off fireworks?

Once the fireworks are lit by fire, some will fly and explode out of Mars. Some will emit flames several feet high, giving off colorful sparks. If the place or method of setting off fireworks is improper, it will cause a fire. (1) Don't set off firecrackers in public places and gas stations. (2) Don't set it off on the balcony or indoors. (3) Fireworks and firecrackers should not be placed near fire sources, heat sources and power supplies. (4) Children should set off fireworks and firecrackers under the supervision of adults. (5) Master the correct discharge method, check and clean up the site after discharge, and eliminate fire hazards. (6) Don't put it sideways or sideways.

45. How do families prevent static electricity and lightning?

(1) It is forbidden to store gasoline in plastic barrels or refuel vehicles in plastic barrels;

(2) Lightning protection devices should be set for buildings with towering components;

(3) It is forbidden to use outdoor receiving antenna to watch TV programs during lightning.

46. Why does careless smoking cause a fire?

The temperature of cigarette butts is relatively high, the surface temperature is 200 ~ 300 degrees Celsius, and the center temperature is 700 ~ 800 degrees Celsius. The ignition point of most combustible substances is lower than the surface temperature of cigarette butts, such as paper ignition point 130℃, flax ignition point 15O℃, cloth ignition point 200℃, candle ignition point 19O℃, lacquer cloth ignition point 165℃ and celluloid ignition point/kloc. Therefore, once a cigarette butt is thrown on a combustible whose ignition point is lower than the surface temperature of the cigarette butt, it is easy to cause a fire accident.

47. What should I pay attention to when smoking?

(1) Smoking is strictly prohibited in the no-fire area.

(2) When repairing cars and cleaning machine parts with oil, smoking is strictly prohibited.

(3) Don't smoke on the bed or sofa; Old people who smoke and bedridden patients should be taken good care of, and it is recommended not to smoke when they are unconscious.

(4) When smoking, if there are other things temporarily, people should put out their cigarette butts before leaving.

(5) If you smoke the remaining cigarette butts, you must put them out. Unburned matchsticks and cigarette butts should be put into the ashtray. Paper rolls and matchboxes should not be used as ashtrays. Don't throw matchsticks and cigarette butts into wastepaper baskets and garbage lanes, and don't throw them everywhere.

48. What should I pay attention to when ordering mosquito-repellent incense?

(1) The lit mosquito-repellent incense should be placed on the ground far away from curtains, mosquito nets, sheets, clothes and other combustible materials. If the lit mosquito-repellent incense is placed on high objects such as window sills, it may blow down if it is blown by strong winds, and it will catch fire if it falls on flammable materials.

(2) When lighting mosquito-repellent incense, be sure to fix the mosquito-repellent incense on a special iron frame, and never put the lit mosquito-repellent incense on flammable materials. Mosquito-repellent incense is made by grinding and mixing pyrethrum and other medicinal plants. Strong smoldering ability, although there is no flame after ignition, it can continue to burn. When mosquito-repellent incense burns, its temperature can reach about 7oo degrees Celsius. This temperature greatly exceeds the ignition point of combustible materials such as wood, paper and cotton, hemp and chemical fiber fabrics. If the lit mosquito-repellent incense is placed on the above combustible materials, it will cause combustion.

(3) In the workplace, if people want to leave, they must put out mosquito-repellent incense to avoid future troubles.

49. How to avoid fire after power failure?

(1) Use emergency lighting as much as possible;

(2) Cut off the power supply of the electrical appliance in use in time, that is, turn off the power switch or unplug it;

(3) Use oil lamp with glass cover;

(4) It is forbidden to use oil lamps to kill mosquitoes or put them in overgrown places and beds;

(5) Don't light candles near flammable materials such as mosquito nets and curtains; When using candles, they should be placed in inaccessible places and guarded by people to put out the fire when people leave or sleep; Candles should be placed on candlesticks or fixed on non-combustible objects such as porcelain plates, and should not be placed on flammable materials such as TV cabinets and wooden furniture; Don't look for things under the bed, in the cupboard or in other narrow places with candles.

(6) It is forbidden to use gasoline instead of kerosene or diesel as fuel.

50. What aspects should children pay attention to in their daily life?

In daily life, it is mainly to train children to use and manage fire, electricity and gas correctly.

Fire refers to all naked flames, such as fire, lighted candles and cigarette butts. Parents or guardians should educate their children not to play with fire from an early age. Don't put matches, lighters, candles and other kindling where children can reach it. Adults should not leave their children alone at home when they go to work or go shopping, let alone lock them in the house. Children should be supervised by their neighbors to prevent them from playing with fire at home. Thirdly, educate children not to set off firecrackers and fireworks in houses, near flammable materials, public entertainment places, material warehouses, government schools and other places, and not to set off fireworks in residents' balcony windows to avoid sparks flying and causing fires.

Electricity mainly refers to the prevention of electrical fires caused by children. On the one hand, educate children not to use household appliances such as stereos, computers, televisions and chargers. When no one is at home, let alone use electricity to dismantle and repair household appliances. On the other hand, adults must not leave when using electric irons, hair dryers, electric stoves, electric blankets, electric soldering irons and other electrical appliances. To prevent children from touching these appliances driven by curiosity, causing electric shock or fire accidents. Finally, educate children not to bake clothes with light bulbs or heaters to avoid overheating and fire.

Gas mainly refers to gas used at home. What needs special reminder here is that children who are not sensible should not be allowed to cook, so as not to burn in the oil pan or burn flammable materials in the fire.

5 1, a good helper for family fire fighting-salt

There are many ways to put out a small fire in the family kitchen. Conditionally prepare a bag of dry powder or portable fire extinguishing equipment in the kitchen, which can come in handy in case of fire. If there is no fire-fighting equipment, you should use the existing items in the kitchen to put out the fire. Salt is a domestic fire extinguishing agent, which can be selected in an emergency.

Salt is widely used in daily life. It is not only an indispensable condiment, but also an effective fire extinguishing agent. The main component of salt is sodium chloride (NaCl), which can be quickly decomposed into sodium hydroxide under high temperature fire. Through chemical action, free radicals in the combustion process are absorbed and combustion is inhibited. When the amount of fire-extinguishing salt is sufficient, more free radicals are consumed than those decomposed by combustion, which leads to the interruption of combustion reaction. Preparing some granular salt at home is an effective extinguishing agent to put out kitchen fires and solid smoldering fires. Because of its large particles and high water content, granular salt absorbs heat and expands quickly at high temperature, destroying the shape of the flame, and at the same time, endothermic reaction occurs, diluting the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone, so the fire is quickly extinguished. Salt, a fire extinguishing function, can come in handy even in peacetime. It has fine salt surface, even particles and a certain amount of water, and is also a good helper to put out oil fires.

52, how to make a family fire emergency plan?

(1) Make a list in your mind and know all the possible exits of your home room, such as doors, windows, skylights, balconies, etc. You should think that there are at least two exits in each bedroom, that is, except doors, windows can be used as emergency exits. If you know several escape routes, when the main passage is blocked, you can take other routes to survive.

(2) Let family members, especially children, know the structure of the door lock and how to open the window. Let the children know that in an emergency, you can smash the window glass with a chair or other hard objects. In addition, doors and windows should be installed to be easy to open and close.

(3) You can draw a residential floor plan, mark all doors and windows with special signs, mark each escape route, mark the obstacles that may be encountered on each route, draw the external characteristics of the house, and mark the assembly place of family members after escape.

(4) Let the family remember the following escape rules: First, close the bedroom door when sleeping to resist the invasion of heat waves and smoke. If you have to run from room to room to escape, you should close the door when you get to another room. The second is to touch the door before opening it. Never open the door if it is very hot or smoke comes out from the crack. You should prepare a second escape route. If the door is not hot, you can only open it slowly and quickly and close it behind you. Third, if the exit passage is infected by smoke, there is no other route to take, and you can crawl through the smoke area near the ground. Fourth, don't waste time getting dressed and taking valuables. Fifth, once you arrive at the family gathering place, you should count the number of people immediately. In the meantime, don't let anyone go back inside. It is best for professional firefighters to find and save people.