Kirgiz-When it appears in the first month of each year, Kirgiz people celebrate the "Norozi" Festival, which is very similar to the Spring Festival of the Han nationality. On holidays, families will cook a sumptuous meal according to their own abilities and treat each other to celebrate. On the night of the festival, when the cattle come back from the pasture, make a fire with Achnatherum splendens in front of each yurt. People jump first, then livestock jump, which indicates that the disaster will be eliminated and the problem will be solved. In the new year, people and animals will flourish.
Buyi people-At the end of the twelfth lunar month, every household smoked bacon, filled sausages, roasted wine, made glutinous rice Baba, spent rice, sewed new clothes and made handkerchiefs. On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, send fruits such as maltose to Kitchen God. Please write a pair and post a door god and a New Year picture. On New Year's Eve, the whole family, old and young, sat around the fire, first offering sacrifices to the world of their ancestors, and then the whole family blessed each other, had a reunion dinner and stayed up all night. Early on New Year's Day, the girls ran to the river to fetch water. Whoever carries water first is the most diligent and happy person, which also indicates a good year. On the first day, lanterns were tied at home, lit together at night and hung at the gate. After the first day of junior high school, people began to pay New Year greetings. Young men and women meet to "watch" and express their love with songs; Or get together and dance with instruments such as suona,,, flute and bronze drum. In some areas, the fifteenth day of the first month is the end of the new year, and the thirtieth day of the first month is the "off-year".
Tujia nationality-from two days before the first day of the first month, the first day is called New Year, and the second day is called off-year. On New Year's Eve, every family lights a log, and everyone sits around and listens to the old man telling stories until dawn. During the festival, we eat "red yeast fish" to symbolize wealth, and we also eat cauldron dishes, which are called combination dishes. In the third grade, a "wave dance" was held, with as many as ten thousand participants. In addition, there are dragon lanterns, lion dances, lantern festivals, dramas, martial arts and other activities.
Zhuang nationality-from the thirtieth day of the first month to the second day of the second day, three days. Anyone who works outside must go home before thirty. On New Year's Eve, every household will light a fire on the fireplace and it will not go out all night. This is the so-called "welcoming the fire". On New Year's Eve, people kill chickens and ducks, steam pork, powder lean meat and cook barbecued pork. There are eight courses for dinner, including "boiled chicken" and stewed whole chicken. Every family has to stay up until midnight, set off firecrackers and go to bed. On the first and second days of the first month, all tourists must eat zongzi, which is stuffed and made of peeled mung beans and semi-fat, non-thin meat mixed sauce. At this time, men and women are more likely to sing, or play top, dance, match the ball and act. Cook all day on the first day of New Year's Eve to show a bumper harvest in the coming year. This kind of rice is called "Zongba", and some of them are more than a foot long and weigh five or six pounds. I like to hold flower bag throwing activities during festivals. Young men and women are divided into one team, and the distance between the two teams is about 50 meters. Draw a line and throw each other. Those who throw or fail to catch the line will be losers.
Dongxiang people-like to have a land war during the Spring Festival to show their love for raising their own land. On the first day of junior high school, a traditional "ground-breaking" activity was held. They used clods as "weapons" and threw them at each other. On this day, the elderly who are over 60 will also go to the "battlefield" in Shan Ye to show their talents.
Dong people-in the early morning of New Year's Day, they fished out several big and fresh carp from the pond, fried them, roasted them, stewed them and put them on the table, and added a plate of delicious pickled fish. The whole table is dominated by fish. Dong people say that eating fish in the Spring Festival indicates that there will be a lot of fish, a bumper harvest of crops and a surplus of money and food in the new year. Mountain climbing competitions are very popular during the Spring Festival. Whoever climbs to the top of the mountain first can get a gift from a girl or a young man. The girl presented her embroidered Dong brocade, and the young man presented a beautiful bamboo box and bamboo hat. This activity often lasts for half a month.
Gelao nationality-The third day of the third lunar month is the Spring Festival of Gelao nationality every year. Because they live in a low temperature place, the vegetation didn't begin to sprout until March and spring. In this busy spring ploughing, everyone will get together for the New Year and pray for the blessing of ancestors and mountain gods, all the best and a bumper harvest. And because Tomb-Sweeping Day is often around the beginning of March, so the two festivals are spent together, so this day is designated as the year of Gelao, that is, the Spring Festival. During the festival, young people hold activities such as chicken feathers, shuttlecocks, dragons and eggs, accompanied by songs and dances.
Kazakhs-they like to carry out "chasing girls" activities during the Spring Festival. This kind of activity is interesting and touching, and it is also a unique way for young men and women to express their love.
Jingpo nationality-held a "shooting" competition during the Spring Festival. On the morning of the first grade, people gathered in the gym. The girls hung their embroidered wallets on the top of the bamboo pole. The shooter hangs the thin thread of the leather bag as a sharpshooter, and the girls reward the sharpshooter with a bowl of sweet rice wine. The girls are the organizers and judges of this activity. If a young man wins, the girl will send water wine as a prize to his mouth. During the Spring Festival, every household makes water wine and toasts their elders.
Koreans-every family sticks Spring Festival couplets, cooks all kinds of sumptuous meals and eats "eight-treasure rice". On New Year's Eve, the whole family stayed up all night, playing gayageum and playing the flute. At the dawn of the first day, people put on holiday costumes to pay New Year greetings to their elders. During the festival, men, women and children indulge in singing and dancing, springboard pressing and tug-of-war. On the fifteenth night of the first month, a traditional celebration party is held. Several elected old people boarded the wooden "moon-watching frame", singing and dancing with long drums, flutes and suona. During the Spring Festival, people dressed in costumes happily play on the seesaw in pairs. When they fall down together, whoever makes graceful movements in the air and plays high will win first.
Aquarium-according to the water calendar of the aquarium, the twelfth day of the first month means "festival ending", which means "Chinese New Year". On the night of the festival, a party was held in the stockade, and young men and women sang and danced heartily in the sound of gongs and drums and suona. There are many kinds of gongs and drums used at the get-together, the largest diameter is more than one meter, and the gong weighs one or two hundred kilograms. The drum surface is painted with patterns and the drum body is engraved with reliefs, which is not only a folk music, but also a handicraft.
Dai people-On the third day of the second day of junior high school, some villages will hold "Elephant Foot Drum Competition". The players are full of energy and keep beating drums. Whoever moves beautifully and plays the drums well will win the prize. During the Spring Festival, boys and girls throw chaff bags at each other to see who can catch them accurately. After playing for a certain period of time, the girls quietly grabbed the broadsword, wrapped cloth or tied horse worn by the young man and ran home. If a young man has feelings, follow him. When parents saw their daughter coming back with a headscarf and a good horse, they gave a banquet. In addition, April 13 every year is the Dai calendar New Year, and it is also the most solemn festival of the Dai people-the Water Splashing Festival. They regard splashing water as a symbol of exorcism and decontamination, and also regard this day as the most beautiful and auspicious day.
The year of the dragon alone is generally held in late December of the lunar calendar every year. The specific date is determined by each family's own divination, and the length of the festival also depends on the amount of food prepared. Because the Dulong people have no writing, they used to invite guests during the Spring Festival, so they had to use wood carvings or knotted ropes as "invitations". After a family decides which day to celebrate the festival, it will calculate how many days are left before the festival. If the date is recorded by wood carving, it will carve several squares on a special board, each square represents a day, and then cut it in half, half for itself and half for guests. From now on, both sides will cut off one box every other day. When the last box is left, we will know that the next day is a holiday. If you mark this day with knots, you can tie as many knots as you want before the festival, then give them to your relatives and friends you want to invite, keep one for yourself, untie one knot every day, and you will know that it is Chinese New Year when the last knot comes.
Hani nationality-every year for two years. One is October Festival and the other is June Festival. The calendar of the Hani nationality begins in October, which is the "New Year". In China New Year, people visit relatives and friends and get engaged. During the "June Festival", people offered sacrifices to their ancestors and carried out cultural and sports activities such as swinging, wrestling and singing folk songs. On New Year's Eve, women were busy making Ciba, and the young man went up the mountain to cut bamboo and set up a swing. During the Spring Festival, both men, women and children like to play on swings.
Kaduo people (a branch of Hani nationality)-Kaduo people in Xinping County, Yunnan Province celebrate the New Year on the sixth day of the first lunar month. Legend has it that in order to resist foreign aggression, brave Cardo youths in ancient times left a message when they left, and they started a new life on the day they returned to China. After the war, because of the long journey, they didn't go home until the sixth day of the Lunar New Year. Hometown people set this day as the beginning of a new year. During the Chinese New Year, they slaughtered pigs and sheep and danced with great encouragement to celebrate.
Pumi people-Pumi people in the northwest Yunnan Plateau, mostly start a year on the sixth day of the twelfth lunar month. On New Year's Eve, each village will set off three cannons and blow conch. Then the family get together to eat glutinous rice.
Lemo people (the appellation of Bai nationality)-mainly live in Bijiang County, Yunnan Province. They have their own methods to calculate festivals, and the dates of the Spring Festival are also different. For example, peach blossoms are called March, and sumac leaves are about five inches long, which is called May. The result of this calculation is that a year is thirteen months, and March is called March Festival, which is equivalent to the New Year in China.
Jinuo people-Jinuo people in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan call June in the solar calendar the month of the New Year. Singers take turns singing to each other. If they lose, they will leave a piece of cloth for the next year. Every night during the New Year in China, old people and women are encouraged to taste wine and food. Young men and women take this opportunity to make love and find their lovers.
Han nationality-On the first day of New Year's Day, people don't sweep the floor, splash water outside, enter through the back door, beat and scold children, and congratulate each other on good luck and prosperity in the new year.
Manchu-As the Chinese New Year approaches, every family cleans the courtyard. stick grilles writes couplets and wishes. On the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, every household erected a lantern pole more than six meters high. From the first day to the sixteenth day, the red light is hung high every day. Jiaozi is better for the New Year's Eve dinner. Pay attention to pleating. When cooking jiaozi, some of them are wrapped in copper coins, so people who eat it are lucky. Worship twice during the Spring Festival and once on New Year's Eve to bid farewell to the old year; Worship again on the first day of the new year to welcome the new year. There will be vault and camel jumping before the Spring Festival. There is also the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month. The New Year's Eve dinner is very rich and grand. The staple foods are glutinous rice flour or jiaozi, roasted meat and tofu. Traditional China New Year dishes include delicious blood sausage, boiled white meat with unique style and pickled white meat, and fish dishes symbolizing good luck are even more essential. You have to eat fresh meat. jiaozi sends the old and welcomes the new.
Oroqen-On New Year's Eve, the whole family sits around for dinner. Taste delicious food, drink wine and have New Year's Eve dinner. Young people salute and kowtow to their families and relatives and elders. At midnight, people hold birch bark boxes or iron boxes and walk around the stables several times to pray for the prosperity of the six animals. On the first day of junior high school, we pay New Year greetings to each other in new clothes. Young men and women get together to dance in groups. There are hunting dances, "red fruit" dances and "black bear fighting" dances.
Hezhe nationality-On New Year's Eve, everyone is busy cooking New Year's Eve, cutting window grilles and putting up lanterns. On the first day of junior high school, girls, women and children put on new clothes embroidered with clouds, went to relatives and friends' homes to pay New Year greetings and entertained guests with a "fish feast". Raw fish with hot and sour flavor, crispy "fried fish hair", salmon seeds. Folk poets offer poems and tell stories to people. Women play "touching paste" and "throwing bones". Teenagers take part in skiing, skating, shooting grass targets and crossing grass competitions.
Mongolian people eat jiaozi and set off firecrackers, just like Han people. Besides, we should eat "hand-grabbed meat" on New Year's Eve to show family reunion. In the early morning of the first day, the younger generation presented "farewell wine" to their elders. Then the young men and women got on their horses, rode on yurts, kowtowed to their elders first, then drank and danced, and then the men and women took this opportunity to hold horse races. On New Year's Eve, when the family got older, they sat around the fire in the bag. After offering "farewell wine" to the elders, they enjoyed roast leg of lamb and dumplings.
Naxi people visit relatives and friends in the first month of the lunar calendar and take turns to be guests. Young men organize lantern festivals to compete with other villages. Lantern Festival is held in cities and villages to show their national stories, such as A Niu's banter, longevity, social drama night pearl, lion rolling hydrangea, phoenix dance and so on.
Tibetans-On New Year's Eve, a grand "God Jumping Meeting" was held, and people wore masks to sing and dance to show that they would bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, so as to eliminate disasters and reduce happiness. Entertain guests with highland barley wine, butter tea and cakes during the Spring Festival.
Yi people-during the Spring Festival, people will get together and dance "Xi jumps over the moon". In some villages, men take water to cook on the first day of the lunar new year to give women a rest and express their condolences for their hard work for a year.
Miao people-call the Spring Festival "Hakka Year", and everyone slaughters pigs and sheep and bakes wine to celebrate the harvest, hoping that the weather will be good and the crops will be bumper in the coming year. Also need to sing "Song of Spring", the lyrics are: longing for spring, longing for spring, cherishing spring and embracing spring.
Bai people-Bai people began to worship each other and give each other gifts on New Year's Eve. New Year's Eve vigil. After midnight, young men and women rushed to fetch water as a sign of thrift. In the morning, the whole family drinks sugar water soaked with rice fragrance, wishing a sweet life. We may visit places of interest together, or play dragon lantern, lion dance and overlord whip.
Jing people-on New Year's Day, they should go to the well with incense sticks to worship, which is called "buying new water". On the first day of the first day, Tibetan women should carry "auspicious water" from the river before dawn. People believe that the new water in the first day of junior high school can bring good news and good luck, and can keep good luck for a year.
Qiang people-every household should make all kinds of fried calf, lamb, chicken and other sacrifices to worship ancestors and gods. During the New Year, they should drink and sit around the altar. The oldest person sings "opening the altar" and then sucks it from left to right with a straw about two feet long.
Ewenki people-on the first day of the first month, pay New Year greetings to each other, especially to their elders and relatives. On the first night of the new year, men, women and children gather in a big house to have fun. Generally, the elderly call this an entertainment party. The woman starts dancing or singing first, and then everyone dances together, regardless of sex.
Daur people-live on both sides of Heilongjiang and Nenjiang River. On New Year's Eve, rice cakes are steamed with yellow rice. In the early morning of New Year's Day, people who visit each other grab rice cakes as soon as they enter the door, in order to pray for a better life every year. On the first day of the first month, at dawn, women prepare breakfast, and men burn incense and worship God, praying for a safe and fruitful year. After worshipping God, propose a toast to the elders and kowtow to accept their greetings. After eating jiaozi and putting on new clothes, close relatives of men and women get together and are led by their elders to carry out various entertainment activities according to their generations.
Yao nationality-during the festival, people get together and watch the funny and unique "farm drama". One plays a cow, one plays a plow farmer, one plays an extended hoe farmer, and three people sing and dance to celebrate the agricultural harvest; Young men and women gathered on the lawn around the village, playing Lusheng, Qin Yue, singing folk songs and looking for the right person. The Mid-Autumn Festival in July of the lunar calendar is the most solemn festival of Yao nationality-Spring Festival. On the eve of Mid-Autumn Festival, every household is very busy, and horns and laughter are everywhere outside the village.
Lahu nationality-The first to fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the "Pagoda Expansion" Festival of Lahu nationality in Yunnan (Lahu Spring Festival). On New Year's Eve, every household should make glutinous rice cakes symbolizing the sun, the moon and the stars, offering sacrifices to the sun, the moon and the stars, hoping that the new year will be good and the crops will be plentiful. From the first day to the fourth day, young men and women rushed to the spring to meet the new water symbolizing purity and happiness. At the same time, bring gifts to visit relatives and friends.
Gaoshan people-Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province Province have the custom of eating "long-year dishes". Long-lived vegetables are also called "mustard greens", which indicates longevity. Some people add long vermicelli to long dishes to symbolize immortality.
Li nationality-during the Spring Festival, every family kills pigs and chickens, prepares delicious food and wine, and the whole family sits around and eats "New Year's Eve" and sings "New Year's Eve" during the dinner. On the first or second day of the Lunar New Year, people hunt in groups. The prey comes first, the shooter who hits the prey first, and the other half is divided equally. Pregnant women can get two prey.
Wa people-in addition to congratulating the first meeting in the New Year, they also presented glutinous rice balls, sugar cane and bananas, wishing family life harmony, sweetness and beauty.
Tujia nationality-there must be meat and assorted dishes on the family reunion dinner table.
Uygur-New Year's Day family banquet food includes: Rop made of rice, mutton and raisins, Pitier Manda (steamed stuffed bun) made of flour, mutton and onion, and Lanman (Lamian Noodles) made of mutton with bones (hand-grabbed mutton) and dough. In addition, there are various traditional ethnic cakes and snacks, such as "Aisim Sanza", "Yayimaza" (lace jiaozi), "Bohusak" (fried jipi), "Shamubosa" (fried zygote) and "Kayikeka" (fried food with different colors).
Bulang nationality-it is lively and interesting to hold the ball during the Spring Festival. Participants form a circle. First, one person lifts a small ball made of bamboo into the air, then catches the ball in turn and lifts the ball into the air with his palm. Those who can't catch the ball will be punished for singing a song.
New year taboo
As the saying goes, "the new year begins and the old year ends", which means that the most important days in a year are "New Year's Eve" and "Spring Festival". Therefore, China people should be very cautious in their words and deeds during the New Year. They hope that everything will go well at the beginning of the year, which is a good sign.
There are many taboos during the Spring Festival, mainly for the sake of peace and all the best in the coming year. On this day, women are not allowed to go out to pay New Year greetings, which is called "taboo". Married daughters can't go home, and they will eat poor when they return to their parents' homes in the New Year. Children are not allowed to cry, say unlucky things and quarrel with others. If they do this, they will have a bad year. You can't smash furniture during the New Year. Breaking it is a sign of bankruptcy. You have to say "Peace through the years" or "Flowers bloom on the ground, wealth and splendor" as soon as possible. No matter what disease you have, you are not allowed to call a doctor. Asking for a doctor will make you sick all year round. From the first day to the fourth day, you can't sweep the floor with a knife (the main killer), a needle (the main eye of the needle) or scissors (the dispute between the main tongue and the mouth). Sweeping the floor will sweep away all the wealth. Don't eat porridge during the Spring Festival, or it will rain when you travel abroad during the year.
Some taboos from the first day to the tenth day: the first day: rooster day-in the old society, chickens were posted on the first day of the New Year's Day to ward off evil spirits and pray for blessings (chickens are homophonic).
The next day: dog day-go out to pay New Year greetings or worship ancestors.
The third day: sheep day-"red mouth", easy to quarrel, not suitable for New Year's greetings "Tian Birthday" and "Gu Zi Birthday" to worship Tian.
Day 4: Pig Day-Sacrifice to the God of Wealth. The boss wants to "fire" people and won't invite them to worship God.
The fifth day: ox day-"breaking five" can break many taboos. "Give the garbage to poor five": the garbage from grade one to grade four should not be thrown away, so as not to dump "wealth". The garbage from the fifth day is regarded as "poor soil". If it is dumped, it will be "sent out to the poor".
There is a custom of "receiving the God of Wealth" on the birthday of Wutong God of Wealth.
The sixth day: Horse Day-the day of "sending the gods", the paper horse of the god of wealth given on New Year's Eve was burned and the shop began to resume business.
The seventh day: People's Day-people's birthday, is also the custom of eating and drinking together, setting off fireworks and starting to set off fireworks, which is the "birthday of fire".
Day 8: Valley Day-the lower boundary of the stars, so sacrifices should be made to the stars, and temples often set up altars to offer sacrifices to the stars on this day to receive alms.
The ninth day: the birthday of God-the birthday of the Jade Emperor, and a grand ceremony of offering sacrifices to heaven was held.
Day 10: birthday of stone-never use stone tools such as grinding, chiseling and grinding, which is called "ten (stone) does not move", or even burn incense to worship stone tools.