One of the legends: Huangmei Opera developed from Huangmei tune, also known as Huangmei Song Tea-picking tune, which spread from Huangmei County, Hubei Province to Anqing, Anhui Province, and its origin can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. History shows that tea-picking songs were very popular in Huangmei County as early as the Tang Dynasty. With the development of folk songs in Song Dynasty and the influence of acrobatics in Yuan Dynasty, the embryonic form of folk opera was gradually formed. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the operas in Huangmei County were more prosperous, supported by the water escape drama in the Qing Dynasty. At the beginning of the play, the lyrics are: "Twenty-eight women sit in the hut and lament that Huangmei County is not comprehensive. Chen Jia has been in drought for three years in a row, and Longjing is in drought without trees, forests and grass. The jade emperor was shocked by abstaining from meat and eating dragon Zhai and chanting scriptures. It rained heavily several times in the first half of the year, and everyone likes farming. I really hope the harvest will reach Man Cang next year, but there will be a flood on May 13. It is convenient to have a boat at home, so I saved seven or eight people to go outside. The old man is reading and telling fortune, and the old woman is picking tooth worms and mixing the sunshine. My brother sings love every day, and my sister-in-law and Lianxiang play flower drums. " Due to the influence of water shortage, until 2006, people always thought that Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, and had already gone down in history. Now, after argumentation, many experts believe that the play "Escape from Water Shortage" was not written by people in Huangmei County, but compiled by people in Anqing. Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County, which is purely a "water theory" and may be a misinformation caused by the word "Huangmei". Even the Huangmei tea-picking tune in Huangmei County is only a form, not a drama. The real Huangmei Opera is produced in Anhui.
Legend has it that Huangmei Opera originated in Huaining County, Anhui Province. There is a Huangmei Mountain in Shijing Township, Huaining, which is only more than 20 kilometers away from Anqing City. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, several temples, such as Huangmei Temple and Kannonji, were full of incense and literati. At that time, the literati compiled some folk songs into some minor songs to sing with each other, and gradually formed "Huaidiao Folk Songs". Because the minor came from Huangmei Mountain, it was later called "Huangmei tune". The famous playwright Lu also said in his book "The Origin of Huangmei Opera": "Huangmei Opera is developed on the basis of Huaining Opera ... Whenever spring ploughing and autumn harvest, farmers are used to singing Huaidiao folk songs to celebrate their labor harvest. This beautiful and lyrical folk ballad is collectively called Huaining tune. " This legend has been recognized by many people in the theater industry, and many newspapers and periodicals inside and outside the province have published signed articles to express their recognition. On March 12, 2009, Cha Jialing published a paper on the origin of Huangmei Opera, saying that the origin of Huangmei Opera is still controversial, including the theory that it originated in Huangmei, Hubei Province and Huaining, Anhui Province. "By collecting and sorting out the above materials, I think Huangmei Opera should have originated in Huaining, Anhui."
Legend 3: Huangmei Opera originated in susong county, Anhui Province. As early as the middle of Qing Dynasty, Susong people performed Huangmei tune tea-picking opera for the first time in Huang Meiling, which borders Huangmei County, Hubei Province. The name Huangmei Opera was officially put forward for the first time in Susong County Annals published in the 10th year of the Republic of China (192 1). County annals also recorded dozens of "firsts" in the development history of Huangmei Opera, which is amazing.
Legend 4: Huangmei Opera originated in Anqing, and Anqing Mandarin is the soul of Huangmei Opera, which plays a decisive role in its formation and development. Once upon a time, Anqing area was often flooded every Huangmei season. In order to pray for a bumper harvest, farmers in the four townships held a worship meeting at this time, and various songs and dances appeared at the meeting. On this basis, a form of traditional Chinese opera was produced, which was named Huangmei tune because it was related to Huangmei season. Anqing people have a special liking for many traditional opera arts in China, especially Huangmeidiao, and they have reformed and improved their learning and inheritance with great enthusiasm, so that Huangmeidiao has evolved into Huangmeidiao.
Legend 5: Huangmei Opera originated in Anqing, the hometown of China opera, and the folk tunes, regional customs and ritual culture in the border areas of Anhui, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces are closely related to Qingyang Opera and Huizhou Opera. Experts believe that the formation and development of any art is not isolated, and it is inextricably linked with the surrounding areas. This legend has been recognized by most people in the theater.
Discussion is ok, pay attention to unity. The early Huangmei Opera is generally believed to have originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, but the present Huangmei Opera is very different from the early Huangmei Opera. On the original basis, it was developed and extended by Anqing people and absorbed Huizhou and Qingyang tunes, so I think Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province and Anqing City, Anhui Province.
Huangmei Opera has gradually developed from a local opera into a national opera through the efforts of generations. I hope everyone will cherish this hard-won achievement.
Man is the first factor in the success or failure of everything in the world. It is our bounden duty to cultivate more reserve talents, learn from each other's strong points and make the flower of Huangmei Opera invincible forever.
I Huangmei people know this better. Huangmei Opera originated from a folk tune in Huangmei County, Kong Long. There are three major operas in Huangmei County, Wen Quxi: tea-picking opera and Huangmei opera.
Huangmei county is the junction of Anhui and Jiangxi provinces, and there are three provinces with one crow. Huangmei is a plain area that was flooded for nine years before liberation. Begging in Huangmei minor was introduced into Anhui and Jiangxi provinces as a cavity. Huangmei people used to look down on actors, and the old society was such an inferior person. After liberation, a hundred flowers blossom, and Anhui is famous for singing. They are real Huangmei children, young and old singing Huangmei opera tunes casually.
Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County.
From the distribution area of early Huangmei opera artists
According to statistics, most of the famous tea-picking artists in Huangmei live in the plain area along the river and lake in Huangmei County. Among them, Hezhuo Port and others are the most important. Early famous artists included Xing Xiuniang, Gong Sanqi and Luo. All the people are by the lake. Xing Xiuniang is from Dadun, Xing Town, Gong Sanqi is from Gong Shangtou, Zhuogang Town, and Luo is from Wanjia Village, Xiaochi. In the Biography of Huangmei Tea-picking Drama, there are 53 famous tea-picking dramas in Huangmei, but 28 are unpublished, with 8 1 person. Artists living in Konglong Town, Zhuogang Town, Xiaxin Town, Caishan Town, Xinkai Town, huanghua town and Lu Fen District near Taibai Lake, Ganhu Lake and the Yangtze River account for the majority.
Konglong Town People: Xing Xiuniang Liang Songgui Mei Chongxi Deng Qifang Guo Zhengmu Lin Bing Mei Shaotang Guo Qiufeng Zhang Dongzhi Yang Deyan Tang Huaibao Shen Yingfu Zhuogang Town People: Gong Sanqi Hu Yusheng Xu Lianxi Yu Haixian Gui Sanyuan Ye Nengjiu Xu Bingyan Zhang Shu Lao Xu Blonde Zeng Zaoxiang Cai Shusheng Jinhai.
The next newcomer: Pan Huazi
Lake Xiao Yuan: Wang Yuxi
Koike: Luo, Xu Changlin
Xinkai Town People: Xin Shuai (Shuai) Xu Li Shuiyan
Caishan people: Luo, Liu Jinqing, Zhou, Jin Chun.
Ronin: Qi Zhicai Huanghua Town People: Ke.
Dushan people: Ber Ber Sandian Li Wanlong Hu Haizhou
People from Lu Fen: Gui, Feng Longya, Feng Taihuo, Wang Yixiu, Lu Maokui.
This is not a mentoring relationship. For example, although Xiong Lihua is from Wuzu District, he studied under Xu Lianxi and studied in Konglong Putang. Chen Qiuxiang of Wuzu District is Li's apprentice.
Only 2-3 people really live in the northern mountainous area of Huangmei and sing tea-picking operas.
(2) From the historical data provided by the traditional drama of Huangmei tea-picking opera:
The traditional repertoire of Huangmei tea-picking drama is called "36 big books, 72 small discounts" and generally falls into two categories. One is to transplant the repertoire of the brothers' drama or boldly extract the "drama courage" of some big dramas, and the other is to adapt it from local literati and old tea-picking artists according to the folk narrative of Long song or the true story of Huangmei and nearby Susong and Guangji.
According to the old artist, Huangmei tea-picking drama came into being after a small drama. I think this is also in line with the law of development of things and is credible. In Huangmei tea-picking drama Seventy-two Folds, you can find a lot of place names, people and living habits around Taibai Lake and Ganhu Lake.
For example, The Barber Shakes a Candle is a small play in a series of plays by the barber. Maozi was a native of Konglong Town, Huangmei County during the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. He first lived in Yanzi Street in West Street, and later moved to Chopsticks Street in East Street. His monologue "Brothers and Father: Do you know me? My name is Mao Zicai. My family lives in Gubatou, with three huts, the gate facing outwards, and the partition between my grandparents is my home. When you come to Kong Long, please come to my house for smoking and drinking tea. If there is no bench to sit on, you can sit on the threshold. ……"
In playing cards, Mao Zicai is a talented person. The Huangmei tea-picking drama is introduced as follows: "I live in Chopsticks Street, Kong Long. My name is Mao Zicai, and I have the ability to live in the fields. I take time to swipe my card at night. " This kind of card is not poker, not "picking cards" (Huangmei people call it "Gua Er Hu"), not Pai Jiu, nor "San Ji" (popular in Hunan, Hubei and Chongqing), but a gambling tool similar to "Mahjong", and Huangmei people commonly call it "Gaomi" (shaped like a cloud cake). This kind of gambling is very popular in Huangmei, and now many elderly people are still keen on it. I searched online, and only the old people in Zhengzhou, Henan Province played. It must have been handed down after Henan Xincai moved to Huangmei. Judging from several versions of playing cards arranged by Anhui Huangmei Opera Troupe (renamed "Afraid of Wife"), Anhui people will not play this kind of cards, and there are many loopholes in props and lyrics.
There is a widow Cai Jinhua who sells cotton yarn in Wulizha, Huangmei County (near Kong Long). Now, Longgan Lake is connected with Huangjiao Highway. She went to Konglong Town to sell cotton yarn and met Chen Baishun, a weaver in Han Kun.
The "28" daughter in "Escape from Water Shortage" is the daughter-in-law of Yan Jiazha. The story of beating pig grass is the true story of Cuijiaping in Chenhan District, Susong, northeast of Longgan Lake. Among them, "Lang to flowers, elder sister to flowers" is deeply branded with the brand of Longgan Lake. In Longgan Lake, Huangmei is smaller than Susong, but the lake is full of lotus flowers. But when the dividing line between Huangmei and Susong falls below Anhui, there will be no lotus flowers, and this is still the case.
Gao was adapted by Luo He, a famous artist in Huangmei County, Qingxian County, and a private school teacher in Guangji County (beside Caishan Mountain in Huangmei County) according to Qixiangren Tanci Copy. The hero, Zhang Chaozong, is a native of Zhang Er Village, Dajin Town, Wuxue City (formerly Guangji County), and belongs to Taibai Lake area.
There are also many pros and cons in the series of Noisy Official Shed, such as Qu Xuefu, Shi and Wu Liming. They are all squires of Huangmei, all because of the true story of contradictions and struggles after the disaster.
(3) From the dialect of lyrics in Huangmei Opera's traditional repertoire:
Huangmei dialect belongs to the transition zone from Hong Chao dialect to Huangxiao dialect in Jianghuai Mandarin. Taking Donggang as the boundary, Gangnan is a "rural dialect" and Gangbei is a "rural dialect", which is also the county boundary between Dehua County and Huangmei County. The so-called Shanghang dialect is the dialect of Huangmei, and the so-called rural dialect is the Dehua (Jiujiang) dialect from Dowry. Although separated by a harbor, it is quite distinct. To give some obvious examples: Mid-Autumn moon cakes are called "hemp drums" in rural areas and "crispy" in rural areas. Stand up. Going to the countryside is called "gathering down" and going to the countryside is called "standing down".
In the traditional repertoire of Huangmei Opera, some lyrics retain the dialect in the disaster area, especially the Longgan Lake dialect. 1959165438+10, Anhui Opera published "Ding Lao Tan Huangmei Opera" dictated by the famous old artist Ding Yongquan and edited by Che Ming (), saying that "Huangmei Opera spread from Hubei to Anqing, and the old Huangmei tune was still pronounced in Hubei dialect, and it was also Hubei dialect." There is a dialogue between Cai He, the butcher, in "Escape from Water Shortage", which retains the dialect of Yanjiazha:
"……
Lian: Sing like this!
(Singing) If you ask me to sing, I will sing (e-e-e-e-e) and sing a minor (e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e Don't blame Nv Jiao for her poor E-e singing. (Ho, ho, ho), don't blame Nv Jiao E, (ho, ho) ...
Cai: OK, OK, Yazi moves watermelons, and you roll and climb! I want you to sing, that's to curse you. You think I don't understand you. My old shop is newly opened. You called me' fire, fire, fire', and my shop burned down. Are you still happy? !
Lian: Boss, you heard wrong. I said, "ho, ho, ho, ho, ho, ho, ho". How to scold you for burning? "
Judging from the above conversation, the dialect of Yanjiazha in the town at that time was incomprehensible to the butcher Cai.
However, there are similar episodes in traditional operas such as "Beating Pig Grass", "Watching Lights by Couples" and "Ordering Barley". Can it be inferred that these operas were all created by Huangmei people?
Of course, in the traditional repertoire of Huangmei Opera, there are far more than these dialects. Wang Guanya pointed out many eastern Hubei dialects in Yan Fengying, and Lu pointed out many eastern Hubei dialects in Huangmei Opera. But this alone is enough to see the inextricable relationship between Huangmei Opera and the area around the lake.
Now some traditional Huangmei operas have been adapted by Anhui directors for many times, and there is an obvious tendency to go to Huangmei and Yanjiazha. No matter how to change them, it can only be shattered glass.
(8)
The fertile land in Huangmei Plain Lake District has nurtured generations of hardworking Huangmei people. At the same time, the continuous floods in the Yangtze River and the inner lake have brought profound disasters to local residents again and again. When the flood happened, they had to go out to take shelter. Most of these victims who fled from water shortage made a living by begging, except for a small number of them who sold their labor and did some craft work to make a living. In order to protect the humble dignity of ordinary people (hide their ugliness) and earn more food, they have to beg for money and food by singing the "tea picking tune" in their hometown and other singing forms (such as playing flower drums, picking up carriages, running dry boats, singing the truth and exorcising evil spirits). Therefore, the flood not only gave birth to the formation of Huangmei Opera, but also promoted the spread of tea-picking opera in Huangmei Opera. It is the songs of the victims who fled from water shortage year after year that made Huangmei tune spread rapidly and eventually grew into a towering art tree. It can be said that without the frequent flooding of Huangmei Opera, it would be difficult for Huangmei Opera, an artistic flower, to exude today's fragrance.
(1) The victim is the main body to spread Huangmei Opera. You can't shed sweat on the land of your hometown, but shed tears on the land of a foreign land. At that time, in the event of a flood, the victims had to flee to make a living. These victims who left their homes to beg fled to Jiujiang, Hukou, Ruichang and Wuning in Jiangxi. When I arrived in Anhui, I fled to Susong, Wangjiang and Huaining. More specifically, the victims near the southwest of Longgan Lake generally fled to Anhui and beyond, and only a few fled to Jiangxi.
With the wandering footsteps of Huangmei victims, Huangmei Opera should have a great influence in Jiangxi and Anhui, but why did it only evolve into "Huangmei Opera" and become a popular local opera in Anqing, Anhui?
Huangmei tune has an influence on Jiangxi. He, a native of Leping, Jiangxi Province in the Qing Dynasty, was a magistrate of Shidi (now Shitai), Fanchang County. In his Poems of Jiao Tong Villa, there is the "seven wonders" of Xiahe tune (Huangmei tune). I wrote about the historical grand occasion that Huangmei tea-picking drama spread to both sides of Poyang Lake: new tea picks green windows, and the river tune competition has no rivals. Why not sing Jiangnan songs? They are all in Huangmei County. Huangmei tea-picking drama has a certain influence on Jiangxi tea-picking drama.
For the above reasons, most of Huangmei victims fled to six counties in Anqing, Anhui Province. With the continuous migration of victims, Huangmei tea-picking opera is most likely to spread to Anqing after it is formed around Longgan Lake.
(2) Xing Xiuniang contributed greatly. Xing Xiuniang, whose real name is Xiulian, was born in the 9th year of Qianlong (1744) and died in the 23rd year of Jiaqing (18 1 1). She was born in Xing Dadun, Konglong Town, Wei Xing, and was also a representative figure of Huangmei Opera in Hubei, Jiangxi and Anhui during the Qianlong period. In the twenty-ninth year of Qianlong, Huangmei flooded and Qianlong lasted for thirty years (1765). When Ganlong went to the south of the Yangtze River for the fourth time, Jiang Chun, a big salt merchant living in Huizhou, Anhui Province and Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, first mediated in Suzhou, and then performed for Ganlong for 45 and 49 years respectively under the operation of Jiang Chun, a big salt merchant. Emperor Qianlong's evaluation of Xing Xiuniang's art is that "the footsteps in the empty valley, separated by the forest people's language, do not know where to come from, do not know where to go." This is not my voice calling the woodcutter on the river, but the voice of heaven. Royal gift "Huangmei (tea picking) actress". In order to develop Huangmei Opera, Xing Xiuniang befriended Jiang Chun, a big salt merchant known as the "crown of Anhui merchants", found economic nutrition suitable for the development of Huangmei Opera, promoted the docking of Huangmei Opera culture and Huizhou merchants culture, and promoted the entry of Huangmei Opera into the WTO to keep pace with the times. After Xing Xiuniang arrived in Anhui, she made full use of the economic strength of Huizhou merchants and absorbed their wisdom in dealing with court and government affairs, which made Huangmei Opera develop rapidly.
(3) Huangmei Opera reform gradually became Anqing. The first is the reform of Huangmei dialect. Mr. Ding Yongquan said: "Before liberation, Huangmei Opera was called Huangmei Tune in six counties of Anqing, because it originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province. At first, Anhui artists sang Huangmei Opera, singing and speaking in the original dialect and dialect of Hubei. In some places, because Huangmei's language is too vulgar to understand, they perform in Chinese. I sang Buckwheat Tale, Gaojingcheng and Love Story in Chinese and Huangmei dialect. After Huangmei Opera was spread to Shipai in Guangxu period (maybe earlier), there were more people singing Huangmei Opera in Huaining, Wangjiang and Tongcheng, so it was changed to Huaining dialect in Daobai, so Huangmei Opera in Anqing was also called Huaiqiang. " The second is orchestral accompaniment. During the reign of Qianlong and Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, Huangmei Opera mainly flowed to Anhui via Longganhu Road, and followed the form of "three strikes and seven sings". At 1925, with the joint efforts of Ding Yongquan, an old artist of Huangmei Opera in Huaining County, and Wang Yunfu, a famous Huizhou Opera artist, they began to try orchestral accompaniment. They absorbed a lot of Anqing language and folk songs to develop the singing of Huangmei Opera, and used the performing arts of Huizhou Opera for reference to enrich the performances of Huangmei Opera, so that Huangmei Opera has Anqing local characteristics. The third is the adaptation of the script. Before liberation, Huangmei Opera artists in Anhui and Jiangxi could perform on the same stage as Huangmei Opera tea-picking artists, and the scripts were the same. Before and after the founding of New China, especially after liberation, Anhui Huangmei Opera artists and dramatists carried out all-round reform and innovation in repertoire, singing, performance, beautiful dance, screenwriter and director, and adapted the traditional repertoire of Huangmei Opera "A Fairy Match" (formerly known as "Yong Dong Prostitute") and "Ma Xu" (formerly known as "Two Saviors") to the stage screen.
(4) Key figures helped Huangmei Opera become famous all over the country. Huangmei Opera is very famous in Anqing, and Gui is one of the key figures. Gui is a native of Huangmei Cunninghamia lanceolata, 1938, and works underground as the secretary of Huangmei County Party Committee. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as secretary of Anqing prefectural party committee, vice governor of Anhui province, propaganda minister of provincial party committee and secretary of provincial party committee, in charge of cultural and health work. When he was the local party secretary in Anqing, he was too familiar with Huangmei Opera and liked it too much, so he vigorously trained talents and actively formed a troupe, which gave great support to Huangmei Opera. When he was the propaganda minister and deputy secretary of the Anhui Provincial Party Committee, he advocated filming Huangmei Opera "The Fairy Couple", which caused a sensation in the north and south of the country. Huangmei Opera suddenly became famous in China and the world. An old artist said affectionately: Without Gui's attention and care, there would be no Huangmei Opera today. This is another story, which has little to do with the origin of Huangmei Opera, but it plays an important role in the singing of Huangmei Opera in Anhui and Anqing.
The formation of a historical and cultural phenomenon seems to be accidental, but it has its inherent inevitability. Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei, developed in Anqing, and formed a large-scale local opera in Anqing, Anhui Province. It is also difficult to escape this pattern.
There are many theories about the origin and development of Huangmei Opera in contemporary literary and art circles, among which "Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, formed and grew in Huaining County, Anhui Province (Anqing area)". However, this widely circulated statement has recently been falsified by a monograph.
After years of research and textual research, many experts and scholars have recently published a monograph on the origin of Huangmei Opera, which reveals the origin and development of Huangmei Opera in detail with a large number of historical facts: Huangmei Opera is a kind of opera with Anqing as the center.
Although the personal singing of Huangmei Opera originated from the tea-picking tune in Huangmei County, it must be emphasized that Huangmei (tea-picking) tune was first formed in Huangmei County, rather than Huangmei Opera, which later spread all over the world.
Drama is drama, tune is tune, and drama and tune are two completely different concepts. The elements of melody are mainly tunes and melodies, while the elements of drama need stories, conflicts and tortuous plots of characters. Of course, in addition to its own unique tunes, traditional operas also need unique dialects (singing and singing). Huangmei tune belongs to the eastern Hubei language family, and Huangmei opera has obvious local tunes such as Huaining and Qianshan.
At that time, Huaining (Anqing residence) was the capital of Anhui Province, and its economy was relatively developed. Huaining dialect is the official language of Anhui Province, so Huangmei Opera was once called "Huaiqiang" and "Fudiao".
Wang Changan, an expert on Huangmei Opera, said: "The birth of a drama is not based on the appearance of tunes, but on the completion of the integration of drama elements. Just like the appearance of a building, it is not based on the factory date of cement ... As an Anqing dialect drama, we have reason to say that Huangmei (tea picking) is in Hubei and Huangmei Opera is in Anhui. "
Anqing area is the intersection of Jingchu culture, Central Plains culture and Wuyue culture, and it is rich in folk art treasures. Here, the North and South arts have been blended for a long time and have a profound cultural and artistic tradition. It is this land of cultural feng shui that provides a unique and excellent soil for the gestation and growth of Huangmei Opera.
The origin of Huangmei Opera can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. Folk songs in Ming Dynasty spread to Huangmei County. The tune begins with the tune of Yuequ and Hougong and ends with Yuequ. At the end of the play, the title of the play is reported, and the lyrics are short in duration, with a palace tune and a legacy of Yuan and Song Dynasties. It retains the traces of the transformation from Quyi to Traditional Chinese Opera. The plays are very short and simple, and the performance time is only from the fifth day to the twenty-third day of the first month. They usually perform at weddings, funerals and temple fairs, and still maintain their own performances and amuse themselves.
2. Huangmei Wen Quxi's traditional singing method is sitting singing, also called "singing on the board". No matter in the street, teahouse, restaurant or courtyard, you can sing with a bench. One person can sing (solo), two people can sing in pairs (male, female), three or four people or five or seven people can sing in roles, and the actors can play Hu and Yue.
3. In the early years of the Republic of China, it was put on the stage and gradually formed a drama. In this way, some big plays are sung in the form of traditional operas on the stage, and some sketches are sung in the form of Quyi under the stage, which is convenient for singing at any time. Since then, Wen Qu has developed in step with Quyi and traditional Chinese opera. Be loved by the broad masses. Huangmei tea-picking drama develops slowly and actively expands outward. During the reign of Qing Kang Gan, Huangmei tea-picking opera entered Jiangxi with a large number of refugees and storytellers who fled Huangmei County, spread to Poyang Lake in Anhui Province, and developed in Anhui Province, gradually becoming a mature Huangmei opera.
The early development of Huangmei Opera was from the last years of Qing Qianlong to around the Revolution of 1911. During this period, it experienced four stages: one-man show, three operas, three hits and seven sings, and orchestral accompaniment.
1949 After the founding of New China, Huangmei Opera gradually became professional, gradually moved from the countryside to the stage and flowed into the city.
Huangmei Opera has coloratura, coloratura, main melody and so on. The singing of Huangmei Opera is very simple, fresh, delicate, expressive and appealing. Huangmei Opera takes Gao Hu as the main accompaniment instrument, supplemented by other national instruments and gongs and drums, which can show a variety of themes.
The birthplace of Huangmei Opera is 100% Huangmei County in Hubei Province. This is certain and cannot be changed. In the past ten years, Huangmei County has been flooded nine times, and Huangmei is very poor. Many people drifted to other places to beg along the countryside, and the melody of Huangmei tea picking spread to Anqing, where Huangmei opera was carried forward. ：
The birthplace of Huangmei Opera is Hu Huan Fan in Taihu Lake, Anqing. Because of the junction with Huangmei Susong Shipai Taihu Buried Hill, Fan's daughter is the first person in Huangmei Opera in the new warehouse of Taihu Lake. She is the father of teacher Yan Fengying, and Huangmei Opera was sung by Hu Pufan of Anqing City. The ancestral grave of Hupuya's family is a theater. I can still hear the slapstick two days ago, but now I can only hear the square dance.
Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province. It spread to Anqing, Anhui, only because Huangmei County is located on the north bank of the Yangtze River. Low-lying, flood every year, ten years and nine years. People have to leave their homes to make a living, and those who can sing minor songs go to sing and beg for a living. Since then, Huangmei minor has taken root in Anqing area, and today it has become a unique folk opera art in the world.
The birthplace of Huangmei Opera cannot be accurately verified, but it should be true that the word "Huangmei Opera" first appeared in Susong. In a sense, Susong people put the word "Huangmei" in front of a thing, with innate contempt. Of course, Su Song was dumped by Huangmei in all aspects. Calling Huangmei Opera also proves the social status of the so-called "actors" in the old society. You know, Huangmei Opera is the birthplace of everyone today, and Susong people really regret naming it. Therefore, "Huangmei" in the name of Huangmei Opera refers to Huangmei County, but it does not necessarily mean that Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County. I'm glad to see everyone grabbing the birthplace, which proves that Huangmei opera has been widely valued now. Personally, I don't need to argue about my birthplace. It really comes from the junction of Anhui, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces, because people in these places really love Huangmei Opera. Anqing, Tongling and Chizhou are the base camps of Huangmei Opera. Needless to say, Huangmei County, Hukou County and pengze county are the ones who really have the most affection for Huangmei Opera in Hubei and Jiangxi.