Eggs are produced in the girdle, form cocoons after shedding, and develop directly. The setae are solitary, 8, sometimes many, arranged in a ring shape, with 1-2 pairs of testis, usually at10-1node, and a pair of male reproductive pores, which are located on two or more somites behind the posterior testis, namely/kloc-0. A pair of ovaries, located at 13, have thick bands and few yolk.
The body is segmented without division, the wart foot degenerates, and the body surface has bristles. Androgyny, with 1-2 pairs of gonads, a reproductive duct originating from the body cavity, and a reproductive belt on the body surface at sexual maturity, so they can inseminate each other during mating.
Earthworms have been identified by karyotype analysis in China. Chromosome 2n=22 of Eisenia foetida is exactly the same as that of artificially raised earthworms "Taiping II" and "Beixing II". ?
The body wall structure consists of cuticle, epidermal cells, annular muscle and longitudinal muscle, and the muscle layer is the body cavity membrane. There are well-developed glandular cells in epidermal cells, which can secrete mucus to moisten the skin and facilitate movement in the soil.