Xiaogan has a profound cultural heritage of filial piety. In the first year of Xiao Jian in the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 454), the county was named "Xiaochang" because of the prosperous filial son. In the second year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty (AD 924), Li, because of the name of "Chang" in Xiaochang County, violated his grandfather's taboo. Therefore, according to the stories of Yong Dong selling his body to bury his father, fan quilt and Meng Zong crying bamboo shoots, the dutiful son changed Xiaochang County to Xiaogan County, which is the origin of the name "Xiaogan". Today's Xiaogan vigorously promotes the filial piety heritage of ancient filial sons and strives to build a brand of filial piety culture. 1996 and 2002, two consecutive "Top Ten Filial Pieties" selection activities were carried out, and a number of filial sons in the new period, such as "National Respect for the Old and Love for the Young" Zhou Yulan, emerged, which established a new social trend and promoted the construction of harmonious filial piety. administrative division
Xiaogan City is one of the prefecture-level cities under the jurisdiction of Hubei Province. It now governs Xiaonan District, Yunmeng, Dawu and Xiaochang counties, and Yingcheng, Anlu and Hanchuan counties. The total land area is 89 10 square kilometers, and the total population is 5.07 million as of May 2006.
Area code: 07 12 License plate number: E K.
Climatic characteristics
Xiaogan city is located in the mid-latitude zone and belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate. There are four distinct seasons in the territory, with northerly winds prevailing in winter, southerly winds prevailing in summer, short-lived hot and cold in summer, and mild climate in spring, autumn and early summer for a long time. Abundant rainfall, with annual average precipitation1133.8mm; Sufficient light and heat, annual average sunshine hours 1, 996.7 hours, annual average temperature 16.0℃, accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ 509 1.9℃, are beneficial to the development and growth of crops. It is a zone with good coordination of light, heat and water conditions in China. However, there are frequent rainstorms in early summer and rainy season, which are prone to floods, and high temperature evaporation in midsummer often leads to summer drought. Flood and drought have become the main natural disasters in this city.
In spring (March to mid-May), the temperature rises, the rain increases, the temperature changes, and there are often low temperature and rainy days. After the spring, the temperature rises rapidly and the rainfall increases obviously, which is beneficial to the development of spring sowing crops and the growth of wintering crops. Spring is also a season of frequent alternation of cold and warm air, with an average of 7 ~ 10 days, resulting in more sunny and rainy days from mid-March to mid-April, changeable wind direction and sudden rise and fall of temperature.
In early summer (from late May to mid-July), the temperature is suitable, there is plenty of rain, and there are many rainstorms in rainy season, so floods can occur.
In midsummer (from late July to August), the weather is hot and often dry. After the summer, the cold air in the north gradually weakened, and the warm air in the south gradually strengthened, and the weather changed from cold to hot, with an average temperature of 23 ~ 28℃, which was suitable for the normal growth of crops. The rainy season is from mid-June to mid-July, and there are often heavy or continuous heavy rains, which are easy to cause flash floods in the north and floods and floods in the south. After the Meiyu ended, it entered the hot summer, and the rainfall in the territory decreased obviously, the relative humidity decreased, the sunny days increased, and the temperature increased. The average daily temperature is above 28℃. At the end of July and the beginning of July, southerly winds of 3 ~ 4 grades can appear in about one third of a year, which has certain influence on flowering and pollination of mid-season rice. During this period, high temperature weather above 35℃ often occurs, and at the same time, there is little rain and large evaporation, which is prone to drought. However, in a few years, excessive precipitation or heavy rain caused local flooding.
In autumn (September-165438+1October), there are many sunny days, few rainy days, and sometimes it is cool in autumn. In autumn, the cold air forces in the north gradually strengthened and even controlled the whole territory. The cold and warm air confrontation area moved out of Xiaogan, and the rainy weather turned into sunny and hot weather, with less rainfall, more rainy days, more sunshine hours, large daily temperature difference, high temperature during the day and cool at night. It is called "crisp autumn" climate, which is conducive to the late growth of autumn crops and autumn harvest. However, in some years, there are also long rainy days in September, which makes the average daily temperature less than 20℃, resulting in autumn cold.
Winter (65438+February ~ February) is cold with little rain (snow), and there is freezing injury at the end of winter. Winter has the seasonal characteristics of low temperature and less rainfall. The average temperature in various places is mostly below 3 degrees, and the overwintering crops basically stop growing. Generally speaking, strong cold waves often attack, and the minimum temperature can drop below MINUS 5 degrees, accompanied by rain and snow and northerly winds above 5 degrees, which freeze crops and affect people's lives. But there are also a few years that are relatively warm "warm winters".
natural resource
The average annual rainfall in Xiaogan City is112mm, and the distribution of precipitation decreases from southeast to northwest, with a difference of about 250mm between north and south. The annual maximum precipitation of a single station in the city is 2420.9mm( 1954 Wanfuzha Station), and the annual minimum precipitation is 457.7mm( 1978 Tian Zi Station). The annual average temperature of the whole city is 15.8℃, the annual extreme maximum temperature is 43.1℃ (Dawu Station in1959), and the annual extreme minimum temperature is-15.7℃ (Yingcheng Station in1969).
The average total amount of water resources in Xiaogan City for many years is 3.810.40 billion m3, including 3.673 billion m3 of surface water resources and 659 million m3 of groundwater resources. There is no double counting of surface water and groundwater10.41100 million m3. The average annual inflow is 33,4851100 million m3, the average annual outflow is 55,846.2 billion m3 (excluding the Han River), the average annual water supply is 20,9321100 million m3, the average annual other water supply is 58.95 billion m3, and the average annual water consumption is 20,9321100 million m3. The average annual water consumption is 68, and the surface water quality is poor.
In 2005, the evaluated rivers in the city were Xinhe, Dafu River, Huanshui River and Fuhuan River. Of the 435.2km total evaluated rivers, the second-class river 154km in dry season accounts for 35.4% of the total evaluated river length, the fifth-class river is 4.5km, accounting for 1.0% of the total evaluated river length, the super fifth-class river is 226.7km, and the second-class river length 154km in wet season. The main pollutants are ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and fluoride.