According to the Encyclopedia of American Economics, trade associations are "groups of peers or businessmen who voluntarily organize themselves to achieve the same goal". Japanese economic circles believe that trade associations are institutional consortia organized for the purpose of "promoting the common interests of * * *". The British authorities pointed out that "trade associations are composed of independent business units and are organizations that protect and promote the legitimate interests of all members".
Trade associations are social intermediary organizations. Its emergence and development is the result of social division of labor and intensified market competition, which reflects the consciousness and requirements of self-service, self-coordination, self-monitoring and self-protection of enterprises in various industries. Specifically, the formation and function of trade unions should include the following contents: first, enterprises in the same industry must be the main body; Second, it must be based on the principle of voluntariness; Third, we should seek and promote the common interests of all member enterprises; Fourth, it is an economic association with legal personality.
The four functions of * *
* * * The market economy has four main functions: improving efficiency, promoting equality, promoting macroeconomic stability and growth, and implementing international economic policies.
First, * * * improves efficiency by promoting competition, controlling external problems such as pollution, and providing public services and commodities. Public services and commodities are neither exclusive nor competitive; Second, by means of taxation and expenditure items, income is redistributed obliquely to some groups to promote equality, such as transfer payments to people in poverty-stricken areas and disaster areas; Third, ensure macroeconomic stability and growth through fiscal and monetary policies, while encouraging economic growth and reducing unemployment and inflation; Fourth, implement international economic policies, such as commitments to WTO.
Functions other than the above four functions should not belong to the * * * functions received by the * * * functions, and they do not belong to the job functions that * * * should have. Whose interests does the trade association represent? In other words, the deal is cut and the club wants it.
Market economy is a complex and sophisticated machine, which coordinates various economic activities of individuals and enterprises through price and market system, and can bring together thousands of different personal knowledge and activities. Without a computer, it solved a production and distribution problem involving hundreds of millions of unknown variables or related relationships, which even the fastest supercomputer could not do, and no one deliberately managed it, but the market has been running quite successfully.
In a market economy, no one person or organization is responsible for production, consumption, distribution and pricing. Therefore, * * * should not price products, but industry associations can coordinate the industry prices of products according to WTO rules.
The market should be understood as the mechanism by which buyers and sellers interact to determine the price and transaction quantity of goods or services. The key feature of the market is to bring buyers and sellers together, and * * * determines the price of goods and the number of transactions. The market is a mechanism. Trade associations represent the interests of buyers or sellers and maximize the interests of the industry. There will be some situations that need to be changed at present. In order to give full play to the role of trade associations under the conditions of WTO, it is necessary to change the six "conditions" existing in trade associations at present.
First, turn the "executors" who can't put down their shelves into "communicators" who actively participate. In essence, trade associations are "social intermediaries". Social intermediary organizations are characterized by their independence. The first manifestation of this independence is its "folk" or "non-* *". For * * *, it is not an accessory, but an independent community organization, which represents the interests of enterprises; For enterprises, it is not a manager, but a server and a defender of national interests. It is to play the role of supervision, coordination and information service for many things that * * * departments should not manage, are inconvenient to manage and are not well managed. When there are contradictions between enterprises and relevant social parties, trade associations conduct friendly consultations with relevant parties on behalf of enterprises, seek common ground while reserving differences, and maintain stable social and economic development.
Second, turn an idle "bystander" into a "server" who actively transforms. The most important thing for the transformed industry is to establish its service function. That is, trade associations provide various business-related services for enterprises in this industry, including consulting services, staff training services, market research services, information services, product exhibition services, international business liaison services, etc.
Third, change the "gold digger" in the market economy into the "gold digger" representing the enterprise. In fact, trade associations are spokesmen for the fundamental interests and overall interests of all enterprises in this industry, and should be "willing" to maintain the better development of enterprises in this industry. Trade associations can reflect the overall interests and demands of enterprises in the industry to the legislature or * * * in various ways, participate in the discussion and formulation of relevant national laws and policies as non-governmental organizations, and even participate in the negotiation of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements with other countries.
Fourth, change the "inheritor" of the single economy into the "spokesperson" of the broadest interests. A serious problem faced by trade associations in China during the transition period is that the coverage of the industries involved is too narrow, which leads to insufficient social legitimacy. The lack of social legitimacy lies in the fact that most mass organizations in China are "born out of" the state-owned government-run system. Its member enterprises generally do not exceed 40% of the total number of the whole industry, most of which are limited to the original departmental system, and most of them are state-owned enterprises. The narrow coverage means that the information of enterprises and industries that the association can grasp is not sufficient, and it is difficult to play a comprehensive coordination function.
Fifth, change the "deformity" of unbalanced development into "health" of all-round development. At present, it is difficult to observe the unbalanced development of trade associations in China during the transition period from the vertical perspective, but it is relatively easy to observe the unbalanced development of trade associations from the horizontal perspective. On the whole, the development of market economy in the transitional period in China is reflected in the trend of gradient weakening from east to west and from south to north. The southeast coast is undoubtedly the most developed area of market economy, and its trade associations should be developed to a greater extent accordingly.
Sixth, change the "defenders" of price monopolists into "coordinators" of market competition. In a mature market, trade associations have irreplaceable coordination and guidance functions. But at present, there are some trade associations in China, but experts think that they have both * * * management and industry coordination. The direct consequence of this inaccurate positioning is that trade associations often protect the interests of * * * and enterprises too much while ignoring the interests of the market and consumers.
The relationship between enterprises is based on competition, which is inseparable from consultation, and the consultation function of trade associations is an important prerequisite and condition for effective competition. When there are various conflicts of interest among domestic enterprises, trade associations should proceed from the overall and fundamental interests of the industry and coordinate the contradictions among enterprises through various means to ensure the coordinated development of enterprises in the industry.
Association refers to a group or organization formed voluntarily by an individual or a single organization through signing an agreement to achieve a certain goal. The Chinese translation of English association is "association", which is different from the concept of trade union organization. Association often refers to an organization established to achieve a certain goal, including occupation, employer, industry, academia and science. "Trade union" refers to the organization established by employees to ensure their own rights and interests, especially economic interests, with emphasis on labor relations.
Association is the restriction of the same group, the same occupation and the same age characteristics.
What does Lenovo mean? Lenovo. According to the definition of American Encyclopedia of Economics, trade associations are "groups of peers or businessmen voluntarily organized to achieve the same goal". Japanese economic circles believe that trade associations are institutional consortia organized for the purpose of "promoting the common interests of * * *". The British authorities pointed out that "trade associations are composed of independent business units and are organizations that protect and promote the legitimate interests of all members".
Trade associations are social intermediary organizations. Its emergence and development is the result of increasing social division of labor and market competition, which reflects the consciousness and requirements of self-service, self-coordination, self-monitoring and self-protection of enterprises in various industries. Specifically, the establishment and functions of trade associations should include the following contents: first, enterprises in the same industry must be the main body; Second, it must be based on the principle of voluntariness; Third, we should seek and promote the common interests of all member enterprises; Fourth, it is an economic association with legal personality.
According to the Interim Measures for Banning Illegal Non-governmental Organizations promulgated by the Ministry of Civil Affairs in 2004, an illegal non-governmental organization belongs to one of the following circumstances: "To carry out preparatory activities for social organizations without registration; Without registration, carrying out activities in the name of social organizations or private non-enterprise units without authorization; Continue to carry out activities in the name of social organizations or private enterprises after being deregistered. " Hao Jiguang said: "The China branch of the World Instant Noodles Association is derived from the noodle branch. The association should want to expand its influence through this brand and achieve the role of monopoly enterprises in the industry. However, since this brand is hanged, it should be registered in the civil affairs department, otherwise it is illegal. "
What does the Appearance Association mean? Is a person who only values appearance.
What does sensory association mean? Almost equivalent to the appearance association
What does audit association mean? The Audit Association was formerly the China Institute of Internal Audit, which was founded in 1984. In 2002, with the approval of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Institute changed its name to Association and became a national social organization for self-discipline management of internal audit institutions in enterprises and institutions. China Institute of Internal Auditing conducts its work in accordance with the Audit Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Provisions of the National Audit Office on Internal Auditing and the Articles of Association of China Institute of Internal Auditing. Adhering to the purpose of service, management, publicity and communication, we will provide all-round services for the standardized construction of internal audit in China, the innovation and exchange of theoretical exploration and practical experience, the on-the-job training and continuing education of internal auditors, the guidance of business construction of internal audit institutions, international interactive learning and the improvement of the scientific and technological level of internal audit work.
What do you mean it looks like an association? It means pay attention to other people's looks. If I were an appearance association, I would care about whether my other half looks good or not ~-~
What does Baidu 3 15 association mean? 3 15 Online Merchants Association is a semi-official mass social organization and a joint organization of the vast number of e-commerce buyers and sellers in China.
What does a business association mean? China Small and Medium-sized Business Enterprises Association was established with the approval of SASAC, Ministry of Commerce and Ministry of Civil Affairs. In June 2006, the original "China Federation of Collective Commercial Enterprises" was officially renamed as "China Association of Small and Medium-sized Commercial Enterprises". The association is headed by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, under the guidance and supervision of the Ministry of Commerce and the Small and Medium Enterprises Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Ming Jiang, vice-president and secretary-general of China Business Federation and former president of China Federation of Collective Business Enterprises, is the president and legal representative of the association.
Entrusted by the relevant departments of * * * and stipulated in the Articles of Association, China Small and Medium-sized Business Enterprises Association mainly performs the following functions:
1. Reflect major issues and policy suggestions on the reform and development of small and medium-sized commercial enterprises to the * * * department, participate in formulating the overall development strategy and regional development plan of small and medium-sized commercial enterprises, and complete all tasks entrusted and assigned by * * *.
2. Coordinate the cooperation of small and medium-sized commercial enterprises and establish the relationship between enterprises and * * * departments; Carry out industry self-discipline and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of members.
3. Recommend advanced models of small and medium-sized commercial enterprises according to the requirements of * * *, organize commendation activities, and promote harmonious development.
4. Organize nationwide commodity trading and exhibition activities to help small and medium-sized commercial enterprises to open up markets and establish new modes of operation and circulation channels.
5. Entrusted by * * * *, participate in the formulation, revision and implementation of relevant national standards and industry standards, and carry out enterprise selection activities.
6. Coordinate the provision of credit guarantee services to ease the financing difficulties of SMEs.
7. Organize international cooperation and exchanges, assist small and medium-sized enterprises to introduce foreign advanced technologies, management methods and capital projects, and guide small and medium-sized enterprises to develop healthily from small to large, from weak to strong, from decentralized to joint.
8. Entrusted by * * *, carry out statistical analysis of small and medium-sized enterprises to provide a basis for the state to make decisions on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
9. Establish the information website of small and medium-sized commercial enterprises in China, and build an interactive information platform for small and medium-sized enterprises.
10. Organize training in management, technology, import and export business and growth projects, comprehensively improve small and medium-sized quality of enterprise and promote the modernization of small and medium-sized enterprises.