Batik, tie-dyeing, blue calico and dyeing clip are called the four major printing and dyeing technologies in ancient China, which have a history of more than 2,000 years. In ancient times, it was known as "wax valerian" and "wax rebellion". As early as more than 2,000 years ago in the Qin and Han Dynasties, people began to use beeswax as an antifouling material. After heating, they dip patterns in melted wax (made of beeswax and paraffin) and cotton, then dip them in indigo vats, dye blue cloth wax, and boil water again. After the oxidized wax is purified, turn off the fire, showing blue and white patterns. After the Song Dynasty, batik gradually declined in the central plains of the country, while in the southwest, the infiltration of traditional batik in this area is now the daily life of a few people and South Africa. Batik is a necessity of life and is known as QUOT? There is no need for unearthed cultural relics. "

Ethnic minority areas are the traditional areas of batik in Guizhou, and Anshun, Kaili, Danzhai, Ping Huang and Leishan are the famous hometown of batik. In the depths of the mountains, anything a Miao woman sees, such as insects, fish, flowers, fruits or birds, exaggerated movements and bold deformation, are free or structured geometric patterns with strict descriptions, and the lines drawn with copper verve wax are all mysterious.

According to historical records, Guizhou batik has a history of more than 2,000 years since the Han Dynasty. From the earliest flower batik pattern to the bronze drum, the surface of the bronze drum is polished back and forth in this way. After the copper drum is dyed with cloth, this method is similar to systematic rubbing. Later, people invented a copper wax knife dipped in wax. You can draw directly on the cloth, and it's easy to have a whim. This method is copied from batik.

Guizhou batik is the most common choice for weaving home textiles. This kind of fabric is thick and durable, and has a unique texture effect. But before painting wax, it must be boiled with ash or cow dung for 23 hours, bleached, dried, starched, woven and dried, so as to fully reflect the charm of batik.

Batik wax is mainly made of beeswax, wax and wood wax. Liquidambar formosana can be used as an anti-pollution substance even if it is boiled at high temperature, which is usually mixed with beeswax and ashes. The symbol and incarnation of Fengxiang Miao ancestors is the image of Miao people offering sacrifices to sacred trees, Liquidambar formosana trees and red juice. Miao people think that their blood ancestors used gods, so they are used to describe their totems and admirers. Later, it was found that the beautiful maple waste liquid of anti-pollution maple still contains gum and sugar, which can draw more vivid dyeing patterns by heating and stirring with ordinary water, so he painted white paint on the juice of a century-old maple, dyed and rinsed it, and made etiquette clothes and banners. Judging from the popularity of daily etiquette articles, this is a folk tradition of "maple dyeing".

Ancient dyes and natural dyes are mainly divided into plant dyes, animal dyes and mineral pigments. From the records of textiles in ancient books and the discovery of literature, it can be seen that mineral pigments were mainly used in Qin and Han dynasties, and then they were ground into powder. The use of this color changes the color of minerals. At the same time, from Xia Dynasty to Warring States, not only various mineral dyes were developed, but also plant dyes were used. In some areas, a small amount of dyes come from animal blood. Mineral pigments have been used since the Han Dynasty, and the fresh leaf extract of indigo dye is becoming more and more popular and used in factories. Indigo leaves are completely soaked in water to improve, lime is extracted in proportion, and then mixed with madder, safflower, hematoxylin, giant knotweed, indigo, yellow, and more commonly used ones, such as Cotinus coggygria, Gardenia, Sophora japonica and turmeric, to form batik red dye. In the Tang Dynasty, these commonly used plant dyes became relatively fixed printing dyes.

The Miao people in eastern Guizhou have widely used batik materials for indigo dyeing since ancient times. Other plant dyes and mineral dyes (cinnabar) are used for chromosome painting or drawing pens. Batik is relatively stable and easy to fade, and batik clothing can often be worn for more than ten years or even longer. Villagers will put the stems and leaves of bluegrass into pools, tanks, buckets or pits, then put heavy pressure on them and soak them in cold water for 6-7 days until they are completely soaked and fermented every two days. The bubbles in the water are purple, and indigo leaves the residue of fishing nets. After a certain proportion, barrel lime (about 5 kg indigo leaves, 1 kg lime) is stirred with water ladle or bamboo pole for 1-2 hours. After a night of condensation and precipitation, indigo turned into water slurry (commonly known as "dried indigo" in folk) and poured out. But to dye, there are other corn wines that are beneficial to the preparation of indigo dye gray water and water, plus a good dye.

The dye entering the tank is a very important part. In the soaking process, the cloth is soaked in warm water (20℃) for several hours, and then immersed in the urn. In addition, in the dyeing process, water is also repeatedly sized with soybean, red seed root water, soil and cow glue 1-2 times to improve the adhesion of dyes. The more submerged, the darker the color. This process is repeated for three to five days to confirm that the fabric has been dyed. Add complete

The boiling amount of water is distributed in the batik pot, and then a little salt is added to boiling water to dewax the fabric at high temperature to remove the surface and floating color of the residual wax fabric. Finally, the water repeatedly rinsed by the wax fabric is removed to completely separate the residual wax and floating color from the fabric, then dried and processed into actual products as required.