Shangshui is an ancient county. When its territory was in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to Shenguo. In the Spring and Autumn Period, in the thirteenth year of Cai Zhaohou (506 BC), Shen State was destroyed by Cai State. At this time, its county belongs to Cai State in the west and Dun State in the east. In the twentieth year of King Zhao of Chu (496 BC), the State of Chu destroyed Dun first and then Cai. During the Warring States period, it belonged to the State of Chu. Qin, located in Yangcheng (including Fususi Village in Shuzhuang Township), belongs to Chen County. During the Chen Sheng and Guangwu Uprising, Yangcheng was changed to Fusu. During the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to runan county, Yuzhou, and the county belonged to Yangcheng, Ruyang and Bo Yang. Later, the name of the county was changed repeatedly. In the sixteenth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (596), Yin Shuifei was divided in its area (the old city of Shangshui was ruled by it, and the other was Pantang in modern Deng Town). In the early years of Daye (605), Ruyang County entered Yinshui County. In the first year of Huangtai (6 18), Fusu County was established, which belongs to Huaiyang County of Chen Zhou with Yinshui County. In the fifth year of Tang Wude (622), Fusu County entered Yinshui County, belonging to Henan Road. The first year of Zhenguan (627) belonged to Chen Zhou. In the first year of Xingyuan (784), it belonged to Huaiyang County, Chen Zhou. During the Five Dynasties, the county name was still Yinshui, which belonged to Chen Zhou. In the Song Dynasty, in the first year (960), Zhao Kuangyin changed Yinshui County to Shangshui County in order to avoid his father's taboo (his father's name was Zhao, avoiding Yin), which has been in use ever since.
On August 1947, the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army liberated Shangshui County for the first time. On October 23rd, 65438/kloc-0, Chen Su's army liberated Shangshui County for the second time. 1 1 In June, the democratic government of Shangshui County was established. 1 In February, the democratic government of Shanshan County was established in the west of its current jurisdiction. 1February, 949, Shangxi County was merged into Shangshui County. On June 1952 and 10, Zhoukou City was changed into a town under the jurisdiction of Shangshui County, and the government of Shangshui County was moved from Shangshui Chengguan to Zhoukou, which was under the jurisdiction of Huaiyang District. May 5, 1954, Shangshui County and Zhoukou Town Branch. From 65438 to 0958, Zhoukou Town was merged into Shangshui for the second time. 1965165438+1On October 25th, Shangshui County and Zhoukou Town worked separately again. From 65438 to 0975, directly under the authority of Shangshui County moved from Zhoukou to the old city of Shangshui. Before 1953, Shangshui County belonged to Huaiyang Commissioner's Office. 1953 ——1965, under the office of Commissioner Xuchang. After 1965, it belongs to Zhoukou area, and it belongs to Zhoukou city on August 2, 2000.
Shangshui County is low-lying and known as "five lakes and ten slopes". In addition, the Shahe and Fenhe rivers flowing through the territory often burst. In the old society, it was either waterlogging or drought, with nine disasters in ten years. In order to resist oppression and get rid of poverty, the suffering people of Shangshui have waged a long and arduous struggle. At the end of Qin Dynasty, Chen Sheng, a water merchant, led the first famous peasant uprising in China. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng peasant rebels captured the county town twice, and hundreds of local peasants rose to follow the peasant rebels. During Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty, Shangshui was seriously affected, but the magistrate of a county ordered the increase of Ding Yin, and Yang Junfeng, a Guo Jian Zi, led the villagers to fight in the city, forcing the government to withdraw the order.
After the founding of New China, the people of Shangshui worked hard to change the production conditions of flood control and drainage, ending the history of "one is afraid of the breach of Shahe River, and the other is afraid of the disaster caused by rain and waterlogging", initially realizing the desire of "one water and one township" to become fertile soil, which effectively promoted the development of agriculture. 1985, Shangshui was rated as an advanced county for depression reconstruction by Henan province, and more than 0/00 prefectures and counties across the country sent people to visit and exchange experiences in water control. Later, Shangshui insisted on strengthening the capital construction of farmland water conservancy to create conditions for increasing agricultural production. Only 1999, 3,800 new mobile wells were drilled and 3,070 eyes were supported. Dredged ditches 1527, length 1988 km. Newly rebuilt road 1485, length 1796 km. Maintenance of 285 bridges and culverts. 4 1 pit, covering an area of 52 mu. 8.897 million cubic meters of earth and stone have been completed. The annual harvest was 654.38+0000 mu due to drought and flood, and the effective irrigation area was increased by 665.438+00000 mu. In recent years, Shangshui has also built four water diversion irrigation areas, namely Li Rubber Dam Irrigation Area on Shahe Road, Mamen Irrigation Area on Shahe River, Zhouzhuangzha Irrigation Area on Fenhe River and Leipozha Irrigation Area on Fenhe River, covering an area of 6,543,800 mu. In particular, Li Rubber Dam on Shahe Road is a technologically advanced water diversion project built by the county with a self-reliance investment of more than 20 million yuan in recent years, which has raised the groundwater level in western towns by 3 meters and alleviated the shortage of groundwater resources. At present, the county's effective irrigation area has reached 6.5438+0.02 million mu, and 689,000 mu of farmland has been protected by drought and flood. There are 24,000 mechanical wells, and one well in 50 mu of land has been realized. The county 1.34 million mu of cultivated land can be watered once every 7 days.
The characteristics of commodity water economy are mainly manifested in the adjustment of agricultural structure, and gradually formed a characteristic and efficient agricultural development model based on fine forestry. This county is a national high-standard plain greening pilot county and a high-level greening county in the whole province. Forestry production is the dominant industry in this county and enjoys a high reputation in the whole province and even the whole country. In order to give full play to this advantage and make forestry production a new economic growth point and an important pillar to increase farmers' income in this county, in recent years, the county party committee and the county government have put forward the guiding ideology of "facing the market, adjusting the structure, and changing from ecological benefits to ecological economic benefits" and formulated the forestry production development plan. According to the plan, 1998 introduced a private enterprise-Henan Kimberly Efficient Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. from Beijing by attracting investment. The company has set up a fruit tree research institute, a tissue culture room, an Internet information center, a science, education and audio-visual training center, an all-optical brain-controlled seedling factory and a 1200 mu seedling production base in Shangshui. At present, the famous and rare forest fruit variety 1.56 million plants have been cultivated. With advanced technology, equipment and powerful radiation function, the company has become a leading enterprise in forestry production in this county, which has effectively promoted the construction of fruit base in this county. At present, there are more than 50 million trees in the county, the forest volume is 1.5 1.000 cubic meters, the qualified rate of forest network is 98%, and the forest coverage rate is 20.82%. Among them, there are more than 60,000 mu of high-efficiency and excellent forests in the county, with a total number of 6,543.8+0.5 million. The main tree species are Prunus mume, Japanese sweet persimmon, pomegranate, peach, apple and apricot. Zhangzhuang Township, Wiki Town and Huang Zhai Town in this county have successively built 1000 mu pear and jujube bases, and planted 65,438+10,000 pear and jujube trees. Guqiang Town focuses on the development of small grains and fruits, and has built a base of 10,000 mu of brown plums.
Driven by fine forestry, the county has vigorously developed characteristic and efficient agriculture and aquaculture to increase farmers' income and achieved good results. At present, the county has developed 1500 solar greenhouses with an area of 1350 mu. There are 6,000 bow sheds, covering an area of 2,000 mu. The planting area of Chinese herbal medicines 1.000 mu, lotus root planting area in pond 1.000 mu, 30,000 mu of high-quality miscellaneous grains and 200,000 mu of melons and vegetables. Wheat-cotton intercropping, wheat-melon-vegetable intercropping and wheat-autumn intercropping cover an area of 600,000 mu, accounting for more than 60% of the crop planting area. Popularize high-quality special wheat10.5 million mu. The ratio of grain to grain reached 6: 4, and the multiple cropping index reached 220%. In the development of aquaculture, Fenhe beef cattle production area, lean pig production area, meat rabbit production area, special animal breeding area and ecological aquaculture production area have been built. There are 2,000 cattle farmers with more than 5 heads, 5,800 pig farmers with more than 10, 400 chicken farmers, 5 chicken farms with 10,000 heads and 8 pig farms with 1,000 heads in the county. There are 228,000 domestic animals in the county, including 210.4 million yellow cattle, 480,000 live pigs, 420,000 goats and 3.78 million poultry.
The county's industrial and township enterprises have a good development momentum, and an industrial system focusing on chemical industry, machinery manufacturing, grain and oil processing, textile production, clothing processing, storage and processing of livestock and poultry meat and eggs, and fruit processing has been formed. High-quality products such as fertilizer, motor, edible oil, starch, woolen goods, clothing, green food, wood products, fire retardant coatings and so on sell well in domestic and foreign markets.
Shangshui county has a long history, and human beings have settled here for more than 6000 years. In the Neolithic Age, our ancestors developed pottery in Macun and tried to sow grain in Zhanghuatai. From Shang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty, villages proliferated and ancient cities stood side by side. Yangcheng County was established in Qin Dynasty, which was the beginning of the county. Since then, it has been divided and combined, and it has gone through several dynasties. The Sui Dynasty was famous all over the world because there was a big river in the territory, and Yin Shui County was established. In 960 AD, in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, in order to avoid the taboo of his father Zhao, Yin was changed to Shang Shui. The main preserved places of interest are: Zhanghuatai, Fushu Tomb, Shousheng Temple Tower, Baita Temple, Yejia, Baiguoshu, Dashiqiao, Qiegou and Jiuniuwan. Historical celebrities mainly include Chen Sheng, Cao Qiusheng, Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu.