You shouldn't just know about marriage customs, because it's too obvious. I think you should know something about everything, so that you can handle things other than what you encounter and others will value you! !
Luohe enjoys a superior geographical position, rapid urban development and a large number of migrants. In addition, Luohe people have a strong sense of modernity, a strong sense of urban modernity, and accept all kinds of new things quickly, but they have not completely abandoned traditional customs and habits, and some of them are still followed today. Old traditions and new customs are intertwined, and it is a modern emerging city that inherits traditional customs and accepts new things.
marriage customs
In the 1980s, "parents' orders and matchmakers' words" ceased to exist, and marriage was independent and love was free. In the city, it is mainly in the form of free love, friend introduction, matchmaking center, self-employment enlightenment, etc. In rural areas, it is mainly introduced by neighbors and relatives. After being introduced, the matchmaker stopped intervening, and both men and women confirmed their love relationship. Women pay more attention to each other's appearance, personality, occupation, age and family; Men generally pay attention to the woman's appearance, personality, age and conduct. In some cases, there are also phenomena such as parents influencing or interfering with the freedom of marriage between men and women, or "being suitable for each other".
After a period of understanding, both men and women have no opinion of each other. With the consent of both parents, the certificate issued by the location of their respective accounts will be issued to the local civil affairs department to obtain a marriage certificate, and they will become legal couples, but they still cannot live together. They must choose an auspicious day, the man will get married at home, the woman will marry him and live behind the door together. According to the amount of bride price given by the man and the economic conditions of the woman's family, the types and quantities of dowry are different, generally small daily necessities, televisions, washing machines, refrigerators, motorcycles and so on. In some families, furniture is usually provided by the man. In rural areas, the date is generally chosen in the twelfth lunar month before the Spring Festival, and in cities, May Day, November, New Year's Day and before the Spring Festival. The wedding procession is growing. The vehicles to be married are all cars, vans or agricultural tricycles, ranging from 35 to 20 or 30. City brides wear wedding dresses to beauty salons to make up. Take wedding photos before marriage, and take photos and videos during the wedding as a souvenir. After the bride gets it back, she is accompanied by the bridesmaid to get off the bus, set off firecrackers and hold the wedding. The bride and groom bowed to heaven and earth, parents and husband and wife under the auspices of the wedding ceremony, and then carried the groom on their backs and entered the new house surrounded by guests. At noon, the man gave a big banquet to entertain the guests, and relatives and friends sent red envelopes to celebrate, ranging from three to five hundred yuan in 50 yuan.
The custom that the bride goes home three days later is still in use today. On the third day of their wedding, the bride and groom go to their parents' home for the first time, which is called "returning to the door", but there is a saying that "seven don't go out, eight don't go home". If that day happens to be the date of July 8th, it will be postponed for one day. After the "back door", the wedding is all over and the husband and wife start a new life.
In the 1990s, tourism marriage prevailed, and the Communist Youth League Committee and some enterprises held collective weddings. However, extravagance and extravagance are also very serious.
domestic
With the development of society and the progress of the times, the family combination structure has changed, and the original four generations under one roof and three generations under one roof almost no longer exist. Especially after the implementation of the national family planning policy, it won the hearts of the people, the traditional consciousness of having more children and more happiness gradually faded, and the family began to evolve into miniaturization and two generations. There are many families of three in the city and many families of four in the countryside. Due to different lifestyles, different concepts and different educational levels, the elderly are unwilling to live with their children after marriage, but they are willing to live independently after marriage and reunite on Sundays or holidays. There are also four generations living under one roof or three generations living under one roof, because of tight housing or harmonious family relations.
Birthday custom
Generally called "birthday", it is called "birthday" for the elderly. In cities, most people hold banquets for the birthdays of the elderly, and some people bring their own banquets at home to celebrate their family reunion. For children with good family conditions or a certain social status, most of them hold banquets in hotels to entertain guests. Participants are mainly children, close relatives and friends. They brought birthday cakes, wine, fruits, drinks and tonics suitable for the elderly, and many people also gave red envelopes. Some people are extravagant and wasteful, and a few people use birthdays to make money. It is common to celebrate children's birthdays. On the birthday, parents customize the birthday cake and pay attention to how many candles are inserted in the cake. Take a birthday photo as a souvenir. There are grandmothers, grandfathers, grandmothers, aunts, uncles and so on. , also held a banquet. Congratulators buy gifts for children, mainly cakes, clothes, schoolbags, food, etc. Older students in school will also invite their classmates to celebrate their birthdays together. Students send souvenirs, I hold banquets at home or in restaurants, and some simply buy something to eat and take it out to play. In the early 1990s, it was very popular for relatives, friends, parents, children and couples to order operas or songs on radio or TV to express their birthday congratulations.
Funeral custom
1987 the municipal government issued a document requesting that all cadres and workers in urban areas should be cremated after death, and the funeral should be simple. Since then, city residents have been cremated after death. The mourning hall is generally located in the funeral home, and some are located in their own homes. Relatives and friends went to pay their respects, laid wreaths and hung accounts to show their condolences. In the late 1990s, most people sent money, ranging from 50 yuan to several hundred yuan. Before cremation, cosmetic surgery, memorial service, farewell ceremony, etc. Mourners wear black gauze or white flowers. Part of the ashes are temporarily placed in the columbarium and buried later, and the other part is buried directly in the cemetery. Children pay homage, burn paper or send flowers to express their condolences on May 7th, centenary and the anniversary of the deceased.
Burial is still practiced in rural areas, and the procedures and customs have remained basically unchanged.
Festival custom
The first day of the first lunar month is a traditional festival of China people, and it is also the biggest festival in a year, which is widely valued by people. When people entered the twelfth lunar month last year, they began to prepare for the New Year, especially after the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month (also called "New Year's Eve"), people were busy buying new clothes and new year's goods. Some units also distribute food such as rice, flour and cooking oil to employees. Due to the improvement of people's living standards, the contents of new year's goods are getting richer and richer, the varieties are getting more and more, and the designs are getting newer and newer. In rural areas, during the Spring Festival, we don't eat jiaozi, steamed bread and fried dough sticks, but prepare some rich dining tables to celebrate the Spring Festival. There are all kinds of dishes in this city. On the first day of the first month, people get up at five in the morning, put on new clothes and set off firecrackers. Whips ranged from 5,000 to tens of thousands, and the noise continued until around 8 am. Jiaozi and sumptuous dishes are eaten for breakfast, and a coin is pre-loaded in jiaozi, which shows that people who eat jiaozi are lucky this year. Older people give their younger generation lucky money, which is generally 10 yuan in rural areas and more than 100 in 50 yuan. My friend Lu Yu said "Happy New Year" to each other. The relevant leaders of the city went deep into the grassroots and some residents' families and extended holiday greetings to the cadres, workers and residents who stuck to their jobs during the festival. During the festival, people will visit relatives and friends, and the gifts are mostly fruits, drinks, cakes, alcohol and so on. Because the city has a seven-day holiday, in addition to visiting relatives and friends, some families with good economic conditions choose to travel for the Spring Festival. Hainan is generally chosen as their destination in China, while Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand are mainly chosen abroad. With the development of science and technology, the improvement of people's living standards and the development of communication equipment, people's New Year greetings have also changed. Friends and relatives who can't get together during the festival greet each other with happy New Year by phone, pager and mobile phone. Rural habits, generally after the fifth day, or even after the New Year, began to engage in field work or other activities, and some began to go out to work. In the city, from the eighth day, everything returned to normal.
Lantern Festival, also known as Lantern Festival. Luohe has the habit of eating Yuanxiao, watching lantern shows and playing stories, and has formed its own unique "Nineteen Meetings". From 14 to 19 in the first month, the city will organize a large-scale lantern show with tens of thousands of lanterns of various forms, attracting hundreds of thousands of people from urban areas and surrounding rural areas to watch the performance. Rural folk art groups are active in urban and rural streets and government agencies, performing dragon and lion dances, walking on stilts, and boating. After the performance, they will be rewarded with cigarettes, wine and snacks. In order to enliven the festive atmosphere and enrich the people's cultural life, during the festival, our city also organized a folk art performance competition, which won the first, second and third prizes, and awarded honorary certificates to the winners as encouragement. At the end of 1990s, the municipal party committee and municipal government invested hundreds of thousands of yuan to buy fireworks, which were set off in two urban areas on the 15th night of the first month, and lasted for nearly an hour, which opened the eyes of the surrounding and urban people.
On March 8th, Women's Day, in order to improve women's comprehensive quality and celebrate women's own festivals, the Municipal Women's Federation took the lead in mobilizing women from enterprises, institutions and institutions to participate, and held knowledge contests, speech contests, rope skipping, sprinting, cycling competitions, and sometimes opera troupe competitions.
"May 1" International Labor Day, generally led by the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions, organizes basketball competitions, table tennis competitions, ballroom dancing competitions, and staff art calligraphy exhibitions. A meeting was held in the city to commend the advanced model figures in the labor force.
Living custom
Skirt. In cities and towns, men with better family conditions wear woolen coats, fur coats, leather jackets, windbreakers, down jackets, cotton casual clothes, cotton shirts, thermal underwear, knitted sweaters and sweaters in winter. Ordinary families wear ordinary cotton-padded clothes, sweaters and so on. In summer, short-sleeved shirts, short-sleeved T-shirts, shirts, trousers or trousers are the main ones. When conditions are good, pay attention to fabrics and styles, and generally care more about coolness. In spring and autumn, people usually wear suits, long-sleeved T-shirts, jackets, casual clothes and sportswear. And government officials or educated young people often wear ties. The fabric pursues wool or cotton, which is fashionable and decent. In addition to wearing leather sandals in summer, leather shoes, casual shoes or travel shoes are mainly worn in other seasons, and men also wear cotton shoes in winter. Old people wear cloth shoes, primary and secondary school students wear sandals in summer, and travel shoes at other times. With the improvement of rural economic conditions, great changes have taken place in men's wear. All the year round, they are ready-made or customized. In spring and autumn, most of them wear suits and jackets or casual clothes, but they are of low grade and don't talk about brands. Most men, especially young men, mainly wear leather shoes. There are many varieties of women's clothes, and the styles are updated quickly. Women wear all kinds of coats, down jackets and trousers, fur coats, sweaters, thermal underwear and cotton dresses in winter. Wear dresses, T-shirts, pleated skirts, breeches, vests, casual shirts, short skirts or shorts in summer. In spring and autumn, I mainly wear suits, coats, sweaters, long skirts, big skirts, fitness pants, tube pants, jeans and so on. Wear high heels, leather sandals, boots, etc. , bright colors and diverse styles. Some enterprises and service industries wear special uniforms. Students have school uniforms, which are worn at major events or festivals, and usually wear sportswear or casual clothes.
In terms of diet, Luohe's eating habit is three meals a day. Urban residents eat more porridge, soybean milk, milk, poached eggs, fried dough sticks, hot soup, meat boxes, oil cakes, steamed bread, bean foam and so on for breakfast. Lunch, noodle soup, fish noodles, Zhajiang Noodles, rice, noodles, jiaozi, etc. When eating rice, many dishes are fried with chicken or fish. Dinner is still porridge, steamed bread and vegetables, but the variety and quality of vegetables have increased. The consumption structure has changed greatly, pasta has dropped sharply, and non-staple food has grown rapidly. Usually, meat, chicken, fish, eggs, etc. Basically, they are raised for the pursuit of nutrition, diversification and deliciousness, so that residents don't know what to eat during the holidays, and jokingly say "celebrate the New Year every day". Coarse grain corn flour, bean flour, sweet potato flour and millet have become popular foods for urban residents, which are used to adjust tastes and increase various nutrients. Cities are generally the habit of eating around the table at home. Besides breakfast, most of them watch TV while eating, or talk about the international and domestic situation and local news. The rural diet is still dominated by staple foods, all of which are flour and rice. Eat more porridge and steamed bread for breakfast. The dishes are mainly seasonal dishes with pickles. Some families with good conditions also drink soybean milk and eat fried dough sticks. Lunch is mainly noodle soup or noodles, and sometimes noodles, rice and jiaozi are also eaten, usually for guests or festivals. In the evening, porridge, steamed stuffed buns and simple dishes are the main dishes. The countryside is used to eating, and people often go to the street or under the shade to string rice fields with vegetables and steamed buns, and chat while eating, talking about the past and the present.
Living, before 1990s, the housing of urban residents was mainly bungalows, with some buildings, mostly public houses. In the 1990s, buildings gradually replaced bungalows, and residential buildings were mainly divided into units for free living. The floors are mostly five or six floors, and the structure is mostly two rooms, one hall and three rooms, with an area of 60-90 square meters. After 1995, all public houses were cancelled, housing was commercialized, and the housing area was gradually expanded. 100- 160 square meters. The structure has also developed from two bedrooms and one living room to four bedrooms and one living room, three bedrooms and two living rooms, and four bedrooms and two living rooms. There are also double bathrooms, half duplex and duplex structures. Families with good conditions choose to buy their own land to build villas and build their own small yards. The living area ranges from 100 square meter to more than 300 square meters, with the lowest two floors and the highest four floors. Decoration is becoming more and more luxurious, and some families even spend more on decoration than the purchase price. Rural housing is a self-built exclusive small courtyard, with bungalows, tile houses and some buildings, ranging from three to five or six with kitchens. Buildings are generally two floors. Every family has a courtyard wall and a gate. The structure is beautiful and spacious, including bedroom, living room, suite, storage room and so on. Quality requirements are getting higher and higher. Bricks, cement, prefabricated panels, iron windows or aluminum alloy doors and windows are building materials. The interior also pays attention to simple decoration, painting powder walls, cement floors, some tiles, and the exterior walls are mostly cement walls.
Traveling, urban residents usually ride bicycles, motorcycles, buses and taxis when going out or going to work. Bicycles are mainly 24-type inclined beam cars, motorcycles are mainly 125 scooters, and a few families buy cars and vans. Most people choose to travel by train or bus, and more and more people have the conditions to fly. Bicycles, four-wheeled tractors and agricultural tricycles are the main means of transportation in rural areas, while cars and trains are the choices to go far away.
Yes, color TV sets, refrigerators and washing machines are basically used by urban families. Electric heaters, air conditioners, small boilers or units are used for central heating, and electric fans and air conditioners are mainly used for refrigeration. Pagers used to be all the rage, but they were gradually eliminated with the listing of mobile phones, and became the main communication tools for office workers and business circles. Home phones are basically popular. Computers have entered the homes of ordinary residents, and most of them have Internet. Kitchen cookers are basically electrified, and electric cookers, pressure cookers and microwave ovens have become common kitchen utensils. Color TV sets are basically popular in rural areas, and refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, telephones, mobile phones and computers have also entered some farmers' families.
For entertainment, the elderly choose to practice Qigong, Tai Ji Chuan, fencing, gateball, poker, mahjong, aerobics and chess. In parks, squares, or raising birds, flowers, fish, etc. To support the elderly. The entertainment activities of young and middle-aged students and primary and secondary school students are mainly dancing in the ballroom, singing karaoke in karaoke bars, watching videos in video halls, playing games in video game halls, chatting in Internet cafes and playing billiards. 1987 in the summer, the first ballroom appeared in the city, and then various entertainment venues opened one after another. By the end of 2000, there were 40 song and dance halls, 30 love song halls, 40 electronic game halls, 4 table/ball rooms/kloc-0, 30 rental and retail video stores and 242 internet cafes in the city.
title
In the 1980s, the term "comrade" was quite popular, and everyone was gay. Only factories and enterprises call comrades in high positions their teachers. In institutions, subordinates call leaders by their positions, young people in their peers call old comrades teachers, and old comrades call young people by their first names. In the 1990s, fewer and fewer people called "comrades", especially in the late 1990s, almost no one called "comrades" any more. Men called "sir", married and above women called "ladies" and unmarried young women called "ladies". Most enterprises and some government agencies call the top leader of their own unit "the boss". Call male taxi drivers "brothers", female taxi drivers "sisters", friends chatting online as "netizens" and surfers as "net bugs".