What are the traditional festivals of Manchu? Many festivals of Manchu are the same as those of Han nationality. There are mainly Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, February 2nd, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Traditional sports activities, such as pearl ball, vault, camel jumping and skating, are usually held during festivals.
Golden Festival: It is the National Day of Manchu. 1635 Lunar New Year+10 On March 3rd, Huang Taiji issued an imperial edict, officially changing the surname "Nuzhen" to "Manchuria", which marked the formation of a new nation. 1989 10, at the first Manchu culture seminar in Dandong, the annual 12.3 was officially designated as the "Golden Festival". Manchu compatriots all over the country spontaneously held commemorative activities on the Manchu naming day on October 13 of the lunar calendar to commemorate the birth of Manchu. However, the names used in the activities are different, such as "naming day", "birth day" or "anniversary day".
Shangyuan Festival: the 15th day of the first month, commonly known as "Lantern Festival". Manchu, like Han nationality, also has the custom of hanging lanterns and eating Yuanxiao.
Away from all diseases: a festival for Manchu women. Usually on the twentieth day of the first month. That night, women in groups of three or five traveled far away, or went roller skating, or had fun, and were called "peers with all diseases."
Tim Cang Festival: Every year on the 25th day of the first month, every household in Manchu rural areas pays attention to cooking sticky sorghum rice, and puts it in the warehouse, weaving it into ponies with straw sticks and inserting it into rice bowls, which means that horses carry food home and have plenty of food and clothing. Add new rice on the first day and add it three times in a row. Some people also use sorghum stalks to make two hoes and put them in their rice. This festival has been preserved in the rural areas of northeast China.
February 2 nd: commonly known as "Dragon Rise Day". On the morning of the same day, Manchu people scattered kitchen ashes in the courtyard, and the ash road was curved like a dragon, so it was called "Zhao Long". Then a ceremony was held in the yard to pray for good weather. The whole family will eat "Longxu Noodles" and "Longlin cake". Women can't do needlework on this day.
Insect king festival: June day, easy to make insect disasters. Manchu people living in Xiuyan, Fengcheng and other places in Liaoning are used to going to the Insect King Temple to sacrifice and kill pigs on the sixth day of June, hoping to avoid disasters and ensure a good harvest in the fields. At present, there is no activity of the king of insects offering sacrifices to sweep, but every household should dry clothes on this day to prevent insects from eating.
Mid-Autumn Festival: The Manchu people take July 15 as the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is also regarded as a "ghost festival" to turn over the dead. At that time, temples all over the country will set up Dojo, burn lamps to chant Buddhist scriptures and hold various ceremony of crossing over. There are wooden screens in the west and east of the courtyard, including cockscomb flowers, soybean branches and fresh lotus roots. Hang it on the screen for the moon rabbit to see. There is a square table in front of the screen with a big moon cake on it. When offering sacrifices, women worship first, and men worship later.
Mountain Opening Festival: Every year after the Mid-Autumn Festival, or in the middle of September of the lunar calendar (the specific time is undetermined), Manchu people gather medicine to pray for a bumper harvest. In the past, Manchu villages in Northeast China prayed for blessings to Changbai Mountain every year, thanking the mountain gods for their generous gifts to herb gatherers, and the ginseng collected during this period should also be enshrined in their own shrines.
Laba Festival: Manchu people soak "Laba vinegar" and cook "Laba meat" on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. In addition to the food for the whole family, it should also be distributed to relatives and friends.
Off-year: Manchu people have the same off-year customs as Han people. The 23rd of the twelfth lunar month is a "small year". At that time, every household would sacrifice to the kitchen god, commonly known as "sending the kitchen god"
Manchu: Hanging the National Flag for the New Year.
Manchu is divided into eight flags: yellow flag, yellow flag, white flag, blue flag, white flag, red flag, red flag and blue flag. Note that they are sorted by size. During the Spring Festival, every flag bearer hangs his national flag on the door. These flags are beautifully patterned and brightly colored, symbolizing the auspicious beginning of the year.
What are the traditional festivals of Manchu? There are Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Yule Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Traditional sports activities such as "Pearl Ball", vault, camel jumping and skating are generally held during festivals. The Golden Festival is a day of "national celebration" for Manchu people. 1989 10 month, officially designated the annual 12 3 as the "Golden Festival".
Introduction to Manchu Traditional Festivals Manchu is one of the oldest ethnic groups in China, and the only ethnic group that established the Central Plains Dynasty twice in the history of China. Manchu has a long history and its origin can be traced back to about 6000-7000 years ago. In the 22nd century BC, the center of Su Shen civilization was Xi Du (now Changchun City, Jilin Province), where the second generation royal family of the early Su Shen Kingdom began to build adobe walls and palaces, with a population of about 1000. Chinese archaeologists believe that the primitive social site of Ying Ge Ridge at the southern end of Jingbo Lake in Ning 'an City, Heilongjiang Province is about 3,000 years ago, which is equivalent to the Western Zhou Dynasty and should be regarded as a cultural relic of Su Shen. Many stone tools and pottery were unearthed, including pottery pigs, dogs and bears. Pig breeding shows that ancient ethnic tribes have lived a relatively stable primitive life based on primitive agriculture and fishing and hunting. Pottery pig, dog and bear were buried in the tomb as funerary objects, which is a powerful proof of the soul worship of the deceased. "
What are the traditional festivals of Manchu?
1. Golden Festival:
It is the National Day of Manchu. 1635 Lunar New Year+10 On March 3rd, Huang Taiji issued an imperial edict, officially changing the surname "Nuzhen" to "Manchuria", which marked the formation of a new nation. 1989 10, at the first Manchu culture seminar in Dandong, the annual 12.3 was officially designated as the "Golden Festival". Manchu compatriots all over the country spontaneously held commemorative activities on the Manchu naming day on October 13 of the lunar calendar to commemorate the birth of Manchu. However, the names used in the activities are different, such as "naming day", "birth day" or "anniversary day".
2. Shangyuan Festival:
That is, the fifteenth day of the first month, commonly known as Lantern Festival. Manchu, like Han nationality, also has the custom of hanging lanterns and eating Yuanxiao.
3. Stay away from all diseases:
Festivals for Manchu women. Usually on the twentieth day of the first month. That night, women in groups of three or five traveled far away, or went roller skating, or had fun, and were called "peers with all diseases."
4. Masukura Festival:
Every year on the 25th day of the first month, every household in Manchu rural areas pays attention to cooking sticky sorghum rice, putting it in the warehouse, weaving it into ponies with straw sticks and inserting it into rice bowls, which means that horses carry food home and have plenty of food and clothing. Add new rice on the first day and add it three times in a row. Some people also use sorghum stalks to make two hoes and put them in their rice. This festival has been preserved in the rural areas of northeast China.
5. February 2:
Commonly known as "Dragon Rise Day". On the morning of the same day, Manchu people scattered kitchen ashes in the courtyard, and the ash road was curved like a dragon, so it was called "Zhao Long". Then a ceremony was held in the yard to pray for good weather. The whole family will eat "Longxu Noodles" and "Longlin cake". Women can't do needlework on this day.
6. Insect King Festival:
June is prone to insect disasters. Manchu people living in Xiuyan, Fengcheng and other places in Liaoning are used to going to the Insect King Temple to sacrifice and kill pigs on the sixth day of June, hoping to avoid disasters and ensure a good harvest in the fields. At present, there is no activity of the king of insects offering sacrifices to sweep, but every household should dry clothes on this day to prevent insects from eating. Mid-Autumn Festival: The Manchu people take July 15 as the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is also regarded as a "ghost festival" to turn over the dead. At that time, temples all over the country will set up Dojo, burn lamps to chant Buddhist scriptures and hold various ceremony of crossing over. There are wooden screens in the west and east of the courtyard, including cockscomb flowers, soybean branches and fresh lotus roots. Hang it on the screen for the moon rabbit to see. There is a square table in front of the screen with a big moon cake on it. When offering sacrifices, women worship first, and men worship later.
7. Mid-Autumn Festival:
The Manchu people take July 15 as the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is also regarded as a "ghost festival" to turn over the dead. At that time, temples all over the country will set up Dojo, burn lamps to chant Buddhist scriptures and hold various ceremony of crossing over. There are wooden screens in the west and east of the courtyard, including cockscomb flowers, soybean branches and fresh lotus roots. Hang it on the screen for the moon rabbit to see. There is a square table in front of the screen with a big moon cake on it. When offering sacrifices, women worship first, and men worship later.
8. Mountain Opening Festival:
Every year, after the Mid-Autumn Festival, or in the middle of September of the lunar calendar (the exact time is uncertain), Manchu people gather herbs to pray for a bumper harvest. In the past, Manchu villages in Northeast China prayed for blessings to Changbai Mountain every year, thanking the mountain gods for their generous gifts to herb gatherers, and the ginseng collected during this period should also be enshrined in their own shrines.
9. Laba Festival:
Manchu people want to soak "Laba vinegar" and cook "Laba meat" on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. In addition to the food for the whole family, it should also be distributed to relatives and friends.
10. Off-year:
Manchu people have the same custom of Chinese New Year as Han people. The 23rd of the twelfth lunar month is a "small year". At that time, every household would sacrifice to the kitchen god, commonly known as "sending the kitchen god"
1 1. Manchu: hang the flag for the New Year.
Manchu is divided into four flags: red, yellow, blue and white. During the Spring Festival, every flag bearer hangs his national flag on the door. These flags are beautifully patterned and brightly colored, symbolizing the auspicious beginning of the year.
12. Meat Festival
Ancient Manchu had no calendar, which was consistent with the Central Plains Dynasty since ancient times, so many festivals were the same as the Central Plains, but they formed their own characteristics due to regional and cultural differences. February 1 day is the Zhonghe Festival of the Han nationality. I ate the sun egg cake made of rice flour, and the golden rooster was printed on the cake to worship the sun. Historically, Manchu people called the first day of February the Minzi Festival, which is a very grand festival for Manchu people in old Beijing. According to Na Tong's diary, in the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), "On the first day of February, at some time, I went to Kunning Palace to eat meat, started to worship in the morning, and was on duty at Xiyuanmen." Jin Yi and Shen Yiling's Notes on Maids also recorded the meat-eating festival. The protagonist of this day is the Empress, who will lead Fujin in each palace to offer sacrifices to Tang Zi, and be responsible for presiding over the sacrifice ceremony of Kitchen God in Kunning Palace. Different from the Han nationality, Manchu people come from the Heishui area of Baishan in Northeast China, where everything grows in spring.
Excuse me, Manchu folk customs Manchu: Hanging the National Flag for the New Year.
Manchu is divided into four flags: red, yellow, blue and white. During the Spring Festival, people with red flags hang red flags, people with yellow flags hang yellow flags, people with blue flags hang blue flags, and people with white flags hang white flags. These flags are beautifully patterned and brightly colored, symbolizing the auspicious beginning of the year.
During the festival, boys set off firecrackers in groups, or take various homemade wooden sledges and swish on hills and ice. Girls and young daughters-in-law wear newly-made flowery clothes and play Galahad (kneecaps of pigs or cows) in groups of three or five. From the night of the first day to the fifth day, people also volunteered to organize yangko dancing to celebrate the New Year. The strong yangko team not only dances in this village, but also dances in other villages. Onlookers are often so happy that they forget fatigue and cold. There are even enthusiastic audiences-they follow the yangko team from village to village and don't come back until dawn.
Information about Manchu Traditional Festivals The Jurchen in Ming Dynasty is divided into three parts: Jianzhou, Haixi (Hulun) and Donghai (Savage). 16 16, Aisinjueluo Nurhachi began to unify the tribes of Jurchen and establish the post-Jin Dynasty. 1635, Huang taiji abolished the clan name of "Nuzhen" and renamed it "Manchuria", and put several ethnic groups living in the northeast of China, such as Jianzhou Nuzhen, Haixi Nuzhen, Savage Nuzhen, Han, Mongolia, North Korea, Huerha and Soren, under the same clan name, thus forming Manchu. Hezhe, Ewenki and Oroqen are descendants of Nuzhen in Liao Dynasty, not among the Eight Banners, but close relatives of Manchu today. It is worth mentioning that at that time, the Eight Banners included a considerable number of Liaodong * * *, Mongols, a small number of Koreans and even some Russians, and they were completely integrated into Manchu in the long-term integration process within the Eight Banners. As the most "pure" part of the lineage, the Jurchen people in Jianzhou are called "Buddha Manchuria" (old Manchuria), while others are called "Che Yi Manchuria" (new Manchuria). 1636, Huang taiji changed his title to "Qing" and also changed his title to "Chongde". 1644, Li Zicheng was destroyed and the Qing Dynasty was established, covering Manchuria, the former Ming Dynasty and the Northwest New Area. After the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the Qing Dynasty, Manchu was officially renamed "Manchu" because most of them settled in Guanzhong. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Manchu titles have continued to this day.
What are the traditional festivals of Manchu? Many festivals of Manchu are influenced by Han nationality. Today, there are also some traditional festivals of China culture, mainly Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, February 2nd, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Traditional sports activities, such as pearl ball, vault, camel jumping and skating, are usually held during festivals.
Golden Festival: It is the National Day of Manchu. 1635 Lunar New Year+10 On March 3rd, Huang Taiji issued an imperial edict, officially changing the surname "Nuzhen" to "Manchuria", which marked the formation of a new nation.
Shangyuan Festival: On the fifteenth day of the first month, Manchu people still have the custom of hanging lanterns and eating Yuanxiao, which affects the Han people. Today, the Han people also call the fifteenth day of the first month the Lantern Festival.
Tim Cang Festival: Every year on the 25th day of the first month, every household in Manchu rural areas pays attention to cooking sticky sorghum rice, and puts it in the warehouse, weaving it into ponies with straw sticks and inserting it into rice bowls, which means that horses carry food home and have plenty of food and clothing.
February 2 nd: commonly known as "Dragon Rise Day". On the morning of the same day, Manchu people scattered kitchen ashes in the courtyard, and the ash road was curved like a dragon, so it was called "Zhao Long". Then a ceremony of praying for the wind was held in the yard.
Insect king festival: June day, easy to make insect disasters.
What are the customs of Manchu Grain Filling Festival? Customs activities of Manchu warehouse irrigation festival
The size of the complement section. Small positions cover positions on the 20th day of the first lunar month, also called "Xiaotian positions" and "small positions". The stuffing is at twenty-five. "Jiexiu County Records": "On the 20th, it was called" Xiaotian Cang ". Cook yellow rice cakes and burn lamps to worship Buddha. " "Big Comrade": "On the 20th, I added a small position"; I bought rice noodles, firewood and other things for' big warehouse' on 25th. "
Adding a warehouse means that farmers add food to the warehouse. It is on the basis of the original grain output that we want to increase the harvest and increase production, which has pinned people's good wishes for a bumper harvest in the coming year. Different places have different ways to celebrate. In some places, grain is symbolically added to the granary on Tim Cang Festival, while in other places, spring cakes, pancakes and jiaozi are eaten on Tim Cang Festival, and these grains are put into the granary, which is called filling and adding warehouses.
The origin of Manchu Tuju Festival
"Tim Cang Festival" is an ancient folk custom of praying for the New Year, which takes place on the 25th day of the first lunar month. "Jing Di Sui Ji Sheng", "Reading for five days in the first month is a festival." During the festival, people either eat enough to show that the barn is full, or enclose it with ashes and put some grain in it to show that the barn is full, or sacrifice to the god of barn cages to pray for a bumper harvest of grain all year round. The size of the complement section. Small positions cover positions on the 20th day of the first lunar month, also called "Xiaotian positions" and "small positions". The stuffing is at twenty-five.
"Jiexiu County Records": "On the 20th, it was called" Xiaotian Cang ". Cook yellow rice cakes and burn lamps to worship Buddha. " "Big Comrade": "On the 20th, I added a small position"; I bought rice noodles, firewood and other things for' big warehouse' on 25th. "Adding a warehouse means that farmers add food to the warehouse. It is on the basis of the original grain output that we want to increase the harvest and increase production, which has pinned people's good wishes for a bumper harvest in the coming year.
Different places have different ways to celebrate. In some places, grain is symbolically added to the granary on Tim Cang Festival, while in other places, spring cakes, pancakes and jiaozi are eaten on Tim Cang Festival, and these grains are put into the granary, which is called filling and adding warehouses. In some places, a festival is added to make "rain lanterns". These lanterns are made of cereal flour, and twelve are as big as a small bowl. There is a lamp at the top of each lamp and a small gap at the edge of the lamp. Each gap represents a month in the four seasons of the year.
After the lamp is steamed, uncover the lid to see which month in the lamp accumulates the most alkali, which proves that it is rainy and waterlogged that month. Then, according to which month the armor needs the rain most, we can infer what to harvest this year as the basis for sowing this year. On the Tiancang Festival of Manchu, every household in the countryside pays attention to cooking sticky sorghum rice, putting it in the warehouse, weaving it into a pony with straw sticks and inserting it in a rice basin, indicating that the horse carries food home and has plenty of food and clothing. Add new rice on the first day and add it three times in a row. Some people also use sorghum stalks to make two hoes and put them in their rice. This festival has been preserved in the rural areas of northeast China.
What are the cultural customs of Manchu? There are many taboos in Manchu life, and taboos are regarded as impolite. Manchu people are not interested in wearing a dog fur hat to eat dog meat, and they are most afraid of others wearing a dog fur hat to enter the house. Legend has it that when Hanwang was in trouble, the dog was saved by kindness, and the Manchu people regarded it as a benefactor and protected it. No one is allowed to sit casually on Xikang. There is a dragon fence in the yard, and animals are not allowed to be tied.
There are also taboos and rules in the hierarchy and hierarchy. A new wife cannot eat at the same table as her father-in-law, mother-in-law and husband. When the elders eat, the daughter-in-law will serve. Otherwise it will be regarded as disrespectful and unfilial. Grandpa and uncle are not allowed to joke with nephew and daughter-in-law. My nephew and daughter-in-law are not allowed to show their arms and legs in front of my uncle. In the past, Manchu women's cheongsam was long enough to cover the instep and the sleeves were long enough to the back of their hands, which was very different from the short-sleeved cheongsam now.
Manchu people have the fashion of respecting the elderly. When young people meet their elders, they should stand with their hands down and answer their questions kindly. If someone complains about their parents, their children must stand up and answer. The old man asked Xiao An for three days and Da An for five days. Please pay tribute. Men say hello, hit a thousand children and kowtow. Greeting is to ask you to step back and say hello. Playing Qian 'er means inviting Da 'an, which is also called kneeling on one leg. The Manchu language is Ella talami, that is, brush off the sleeve head first, bend your left leg forward, squat down your right leg, hold your knee with your left hand, droop your right hand, and lean forward slightly with your head and body. The kowtow ceremony is kowtowing, that is, kneeling three times and kneeling six times. In the new year, you must bow your head four times, kneel three times, and you will hold your head high, if you obey. When an elder wishes him with a kind word, it is a kind of beating, otherwise he can't bear it (volume 4 of Liu lue).
Kneel three times and knock nine times to the gods, ancestors and emperors. Women's manners are different from men's, and there is a ritual of squatting, commonly known as semi-squatting, that is, standing with two feet parallel, hands clasped, hunched, and knees slightly bent like semi-squatting. When women meet on weekdays, they stroke their foreheads with their right hands and nod in worship, commonly known as touching their temples, that is, touching their eyebrows, forehead and temples three times, and then nodding their heads visually.
When women meet, the ceremony of holding hands is commonly known as lesbian ceremony, which is different from the visit ceremony of Han women. Reunion after a long separation, and then holding hands to greet, is a gift from the closest person. When the younger generation met the elder, they held his waist with both hands, and the elder caressed his back with his hands. Old couples have a face-to-face ceremony when they meet. When the old couple reunited after a long separation, the wife came forward and held the old man's chest with her head. The old man stroked his wife's back or neck a few times.
Manchu people, when they meet strangers on the road, should bow their heads and ask Saiyin (Manchu, good meaning); If you ride a horse, get off the horse and flash on the side of the road to let the elders go first. The elder also said politely, thank you brother. Please get on the horse first, let the young people get on the horse and go ahead.
Manchu culture is very developed. A large number of myths and legends are rich in content and unique in style, which are the spiritual core and general display of Shamanism. There are both word of mouth and scripture records. According to the content, Manchu myths can be divided into: ① Origin myths. Including the origin of mankind, the origin of everything, the origin of cultural things and so on. (2) The myth of cosmic relations. In shaman mythology, the universe is a noisy multi-level three-dimensional world, that is, the so-called "clouds climb the sky, nine or nine floors, and several gods live on each floor." There are people and animals, plants, demons and gods on every floor, and all floors communicate with each other. ③ Soul myth. Manchu mythology is characterized by the combination of animal and plant myths, ancestral myths and natural myths, with traces of totem worship.
There is a kind of squatting ceremony, commonly known as semi-squatting, that is, standing with two feet parallel, kneeling with both hands clasped, and knees slightly bent like half. Rice and glutinous rice are like dragons and tigers, so it is also called "Long Hudou".
[Glutinous rice with water]: boiled glutinous rice, fished out in cold water and soaked in cold water. Usually in summer. Manchu cooking is good at roasting and making good use of soy sauce. Vegetables change with the seasons, mixed with wild vegetables (Artemisia argyi, bracken, etc. ) and fungi. Manchu ancestors liked fishing and hunting. Besides the meat of poultry and livestock, there are deer, muntjac, roe deer, geese and fish. You like pork. Pork is boiled in white water, which is called "white cook the meat". Roasted whole sheep is often used in large banquets.
Common dishes are: [White Meat and Blood Soup]: Fresh pig blood is poured into fresh pig intestines and cooked, sliced, sliced with pork cooked in white water, and then placed on the same plate with chives and garlic ... >>
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