In the history of China, after the death of an emperor (or king), future generations will give him a positive or negative evaluation according to his life story. Temple number and posthumous title have played such a role. Among them, the temple number is the name called by the monarch when he worships in the ancestral temple.
Qin Shihuang thought that "the son discussed the father, and the minister discussed the monarch" was inappropriate, so he cancelled the temple name and posthumous title. Dian Hao and posthumous title reopened in the Han Dynasty. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, temple names flooded, and even many emperors with weak regimes were honored as Taizu and Gaozu after their death. After the Tang Dynasty, every emperor had a temple name.
Compared with the proliferation of temple names in later generations, the Han Dynasty attached great importance to temple names, and was also very cautious when choosing temple names for emperors. Only those who have made great contributions have temple names. Only seven emperors had temple names, including four in the Western Han Dynasty and three in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In addition, the names of many emperors' temples were cancelled.
Today, Lu Jushi will talk about the emperors who had temple names in the Han Dynasty.
Taizu is the temple name of the founding emperor. Han Taizu was the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang.
Born as a commoner, Liu Bang experienced the anti-Qin uprising and the Chu-Han War, established the Han Dynasty, realized the unification of China after Qin Dynasty, and started the inheritance of the Han Dynasty for more than 400 years. He is one of the great pioneers of the Han nationality and culture.
Later generations often call Liu Bang Emperor Gaozu, Emperor Gaozu or Emperor Taizu.
Taizong is the temple name of the second generation emperor of the dynasty. Liu Heng, Emperor Taizong of the Han Dynasty, was the second emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, but he was not the second emperor.
Liu Heng is the half-brother of Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty. After the death of Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty, Lv Hou took control of state affairs. Zhou Bo and Chen Ping eradicated Zhu Lu and welcomed the then King Liu Heng to the throne.
Liu Heng, the Chinese Emperor who is more familiar to later generations, vigorously governed the country during his reign, lived in peace with people's livelihood, and initiated the "rule of culture and scenery", which made the country strong and the people live and work in peace.
Sejong is a temple name commonly used by your Lord to carry forward and keep it up. Han Sejong was a famous emperor in history, Liu Che.
Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was the seventh emperor of the Han Dynasty, a brilliant emperor, an outstanding politician and strategist. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing were appointed to fight against Xiongnu, which reversed the decline of Xiongnu since the early Han Dynasty, began to govern the western regions and expanded the territory of the Central Plains dynasty.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made great achievements in politics, economy and culture: politically, centralization was strengthened, the central government implemented the system of internal and external dynasties, and the local government implemented the system of recommending pets and visiting; Economically monopolize salt, iron and wine and cast five baht; Culturally, hundreds of schools were ousted and imperial academy was the only one.
Zhongzong is the temple name of the Lord of Zhongxing. Hanzhong Sect was Liu Xun, the tenth emperor of the Han Dynasty.
Xuan Di, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was an accomplished emperor in the Western Han Dynasty. During his reign, he vigorously governed the country, selected and appointed talents, and social production was restored. In addition, Xuan Di, Emperor Gaozu, joined forces with other countries in the Western Regions to break the Xiongnu, and the Southern Xiongnu came to Korea as a vassal. Pacify Xiqiang, and set up the Western Regions Capital Protection Office. Since then, the western regions have been formally incorporated into the territory of the Han Dynasty.
Sai-jo is a temple name used by kings who have made great contributions to the dynasty or opened up a new era. Han Shizu is Liu Xiu, the founder of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Liu Xiu's birth coincided with Wang Mang's usurpation of the Han Dynasty, and the world was in chaos. After Liu Xiu revolted against Wang Mang, he established the Eastern Han Dynasty and reunified the whole country after the Kunyang War and other wars.
During Liu Xiu's reign, he vigorously purged the bureaucracy politically, resumed production economically, and promoted Confucianism culturally, creating a prosperous time of "promoting martial arts".
Han Xianzong was the second emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Zhuang.
During Liu Zhuang's reign, he was in charge of internal affairs, advocated Confucianism, strictly prevented the harem consorts from interfering in politics, conquered the northern Xiongnu, eliminated the threat from the north, re-established the protection of the western regions, and strengthened the management of the western regions, thus starting the Meiji.
Han Suzong was the third emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Liu Wei.
During Liu Wei's reign, he continued to live and work in peace and contentment, ignoring thin taxes. Ban Chao's two factions sent missions to the Western Regions, achieving political clarity and economic prosperity.
There are merits in ancestors, and there are virtues in ancestors. At the end of the Han Dynasty, only seven people had temple names. Emperors like Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty who initiated "the rule of cultural scenes" did not have temple names, which shows that the temple name system in Han Dynasty was strict.
There are two situations to cancel the temple name in Han Dynasty:
After Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty proclaimed himself emperor, he reconfirmed the temple name of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. He thought that Han Yuan, Han Cheng and Han Ping and san huang had few merits, and cancelled the temple names of Emperor Gaozong, Tongzong and Yuan Zong.
Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty cancelled the temple names of Emperor He, Andy, Shun Di and Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty. although
Theoretically speaking, there should be only one ancestor in each dynasty (except the ancestor who pursued the seal), that is, the one who started the inheritance, and the successor of later generations can be called Zong.
But after the Han dynasty, temple names began to flood. Cao Wei lived in China for only forty years, but the temple names of the first three emperors, Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Rui, were all ancestors.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, temple names were further flooded. South of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Si Marui, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, was a puppet, with little credit, but five of the eleven emperors in the Eastern Jin Dynasty had temple names. Taizu and Gaozu frequently appeared in the sixteen-country regime established by ethnic minorities parallel to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
After the Tang Dynasty, every emperor had a temple name. Both the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty had two ancestors (Yuan Taizu and Yuan Shizu in the Yuan Dynasty, Ming Taizu and Ming Chengzu in the Ming Dynasty), and even three ancestors (Taizu, Shizu and Shengzu) coexisted in the Qing Dynasty.
The proliferation of temple names reflects the continuous strengthening of feudal imperial power, and the power of prime ministers and historians has been weakened. The posthumous title of the Han emperor can reflect the merits and demerits of the emperor, and those with high merits have temple names. Later generations of posthumous title and temple names have been unable to reflect the merits and demerits of the emperor, and have completely become a tribute to the emperor. The prime minister system was abolished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and officials have completely become slaves of the emperor, so naturally they will not do evil for the emperor.