Although it has experienced 1 and two world wars, it has spread to this day and formed an independent discipline.
Every country in Europe has its own raptor hunting alliance and artificial breeding base.
In a sense, China's raptor domestication technology is the last in the world.
1, breeding
Although China has the habit of training eagles since ancient times, it has no habit of keeping eagles. The eagle handle spent his mind and energy catching the eagle and cooking it.
Because it's to make a living. If artificial breeding is successful, the training difficulty of the eagle will be greatly reduced, and everyone can train. What else will he eat?
Take care, teach your disciples to starve to death, and save one hand. Therefore, the artificial breeding of raptors in China has been blank.
On the other hand, Europe is different. Early eagle training was for hunting and aristocratic entertainment. Not for living. For hundreds of years, it has been trying to artificially breed wild eagles because of its superstition of bloodline theory.
In recent decades, a large number of rich people have invested in artificial reproduction. With the help of gene technology, it has formed its own unique breeding theory.
There are two kinds, one is gene mutation and the other is hybridization. There are also improved varieties, methods and theories.
For the sake of illustration, here I take the white falcon as an example.
White falcon is very rare in nature and is a variation of tenon. Similar to human albinism.
First, the center obtains a pair of males from nature, lets them reproduce naturally, and then inbreeds with each other, and so on. After three or five generations, there is a great chance to find a white tenor. However, due to close relatives, the chicks are very weak. At this point, a new population is introduced to mate with the albino population, and then blood is transfused. After repeated ten or twenty generations, a white tenon with strong and stable constitution was obtained.
But the disadvantage is that it takes a long time. It will take forty or fifty years. At present, there are only a few large breeding farms in the world, and a few tenors are bred in this way. The price of $6,543,800+is really beyond the reach of ordinary people.
The second is hybridization.
The male bird with spear tenon and the female bird with ordinary tenon gave birth to the first generation of white, and then after three to five generations of repeated hybridization,
You can get a nearly pure white tenon.
Due to hybridization, the obtained tenon has the characteristics of strong body, strong adaptability, cold resistance and heat resistance.
The most important point is that the above two methods can be used to select bird species, because they are artificially controlled reproduction.
Repeatedly choose relatives, smart, strong and gentle birds.
In a short time (relative to natural evolution), birds have the advantages of miniaturization, albinism and fierce predation.
In ERZGEBERG Hunting Area, Germany, I once witnessed a white tenon the size of a pigeon drop a wild goose from the sky.
At that time, I was quite shocked and dazzled. The size of birds was really out of proportion. On the other hand, bird farmers are really used to it.
Reading, beating swans, the ancients said, the birds are fierce.
This hybrid bird is smaller than Hai Dongqing. I really don't know how to describe it.
Step 2 cultivate
In China, most birds were trained to catch wild birds of that year. When training and flying in those days, we had to get off the plane first, and it took two or three months from catching to hunting with them.
Europe uses artificially bred birds. After deciding not to use it as a bird. Fertilized bird eggs are hatched in a small automatic incubator.
After birth, they were fed with meat paste mixed with additives such as cod liver oil, vitamins and calcium tablets. After the hair is completely covered, take it out of the house every once in a while every day, get familiar with the surrounding environment and get along with human beings.
When he can fly, he will have all kinds of toys to help him train his bird catching skills and let him watch videos of old birds. Make it develop the necessary catching actions, such as piercing the bird's eyes and riding on the bird's back. Then the trainer sits in a high-speed convertible and lets it run after it to exercise its flying speed and endurance.
Some people even use toys with spring tensioners to exercise their claws.
After two or three years of training, I was released to hunt. By this time, birds have been trained to take hunting as fun.
And strong body, cruel temper, powerful claws. If you can't shoot down your prey with one blow when you go hunting, it's not a top hunting tenon.
Step 3 Consequences
People in China often release birds after the season.
On the other hand, Europeans take birds home. If the birds behave well, they will open a room alone and find a good bird of the same level to pair up with.
I will keep my bloodline in the future and then improve it.
Every day is still a regular yard, training repeatedly, waiting for the upcoming hunting season.
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The male's genitals are located in the lower abdomen, and the breeding season.
Take a fake female genital made of rubber and gently stir it twice to get semen.
Then it is sucked up and injected into the female bird with a fine glass tube that is sanded.
This is the simplest method of artificial insemination. Because the requirements are not high, it is also adopted by many European falconers.
Alas, the progress of science and technology has made artificial reproduction a simple technology in Europe. Because the famous purebred hybrid eagle is expensive.
Therefore, countless enthusiasts have propagated and hybridized by themselves, which has damaged the sales of excellent varieties of hybrid eagles. Now the number is less than before.