1, partner system mode:
(1) Partner Classification Model
Diversified, platform-based companies can adopt hierarchical model, generally integrate a variety of business units, and the requirements for personnel quality and ability are quite different. Different business departments not only need different capabilities, but also need
Have the comprehensive ability and quality of the whole institution. Partners who meet the ability requirements of different sectors are junior partners, and those who can meet both ability requirements are senior partners.
The biggest feature of the hierarchical model is the combination of multiple business units, which requires the participation of partners from different business sectors, and senior partners provide guarantee for the overall business development of the company.
Diversified business portfolio attracts partners with different abilities, and senior partners ensure the unity of the whole company platform. This business model is suitable for the regional branches of the headquarters.
(2) Partner classification mode
The classification model is suitable for businesses that rely on capital and human capital, such as investment and wealth management, fund securities and so on. This model includes general partners and limited partners. The general partner has greater business decision-making power and assumes unlimited responsibility for the company; However, the limited partner has no actual influence on the company's operation and management, and only bears limited liability to the company, with relatively small decision-making power and distribution power.
This model is suitable for those enterprises with capital-intensive and scattered shares, mainly to ensure unified decision-making power.
(3) Partner execution mode
This model is suitable for enterprises like the Internet, and its biggest feature is its high degree of flattening. The management of flat organization is similar to the partnership system, which mainly operates in small teams, and everyone is responsible for the operating results and profits, although there is no clear distribution of individual equity. In this mode, there is no need to redesign the management mechanism, and it is enough to maintain effective incentives for employees on the basis of the existing structure. This model is mainly used in the management mechanism of the company's senior management team, which can ensure the unity of team decision-making and prevent the organization from being excessively divided.
(4) Full partner system mode
All-staff partnership model is essentially a change in incentive mode. Distributing only a small amount of equity or granting employees equity interests without decision-making power will not affect the actual decision-making mechanism of the company. The full partner system is similar to other models in specific design.
2. Type of partner system:
(1) Two-tier ownership structure model
Two-tier ownership structure has become a widely used ownership structure in the United States and Canada. Generally speaking, companies issue two different stocks A and B in the market. A shares represent the same shares and the same rights, and B shares represent the same rights.
Shares are generally held by the founder of the company, exceeding a.
Shares have several times (usually 10 times) voting rights. By giving the founders and investors different voting rights, the actual control needs of the founders can be met. Companies that adopt this structure are generally family businesses or emerging industries, and the founders or core personnel of the company want to have control over the company.
(2) Business partnership model
In industries where human capital plays a major role, such as consulting companies, investment and wealth management, securities funds, or platform enterprises that need to integrate various business sectors, partners are generally divided into two types according to the principle of equality of responsibilities and rights: junior partners and senior partners. Junior partners are often only responsible for the specific business within the company or the leader of a small team, and have high independence to run the team, independently carry out business development and operation, and share the profits of team operation; Senior partners need to assume cross-functional or cross-departmental responsibilities. For example, Alibaba adopted this mechanism at the beginning of its business.
(3) Business partnership model
The management feature of the business partnership model is to move the same business goal from the company level to the transaction level, which does not involve the change of legal entity or industrial and commercial registration information, nor does it take a fixed organization as the profit sharing unit, but takes a certain business, product, project and region as the independent accounting unit for virtual shareholding or project follow-up. This model is widespread in the domestic real estate industry.
A typical example is Vanke's partner system, which mainly includes shareholding plan and project follow-up.
The typical practitioners of the partnership system in China mainly include Vanke, Haier, Alibaba, Huawei and other enterprises. The partnership system has been widely used in China, which can provide new impetus and mechanism for the development of enterprises. With the development of China entering a new era, the social economy has developed in an all-round way with high quality, and the era of human capital has arrived. Partner system has become the most closely integrated organizational system with the reality of contemporary China, which can better meet the management needs of contemporary enterprises and has broad application space. Kang Zhijun believes that "knowledge workers will truly dominate their careers and future as business partners, and the employment era is disintegrating, and the partner era is coming soon".