Since the October Revolution (the founding of the Soviet Union), Armenia and Azerbaijan have been arguing over the ownership of Nagorny Karabakh. First, the Caucasus Bureau of the Soviet Union assigned Nagorno Karabakh to the newly established Armenia, and then it retracted the previous resolution and gave Nagorno Karabakh to Azerbaijan as a reward. However, 94% of the population in this place are Armenians, which led to fierce conflicts in the future and made the two ethnic groups suffer from war.
When the Soviet Union was strong, the two countries could still suppress it by force, and no one dared to move. However, before the disintegration of the Soviet Union, that is, 1988, the contradiction between the two countries finally broke out. The reason is that Azerbaijan is trying to "Azerbaijanize" the Nagorno-Karabakh region, increasing the number of Azerbaijanis in Nagorno-Karabakh and reducing the population of Armenia. By 1988, the Armenian population of Nagorny Karabakh had been reduced to one third of the total population.
The local Armenian leaders complained that there were no Armenian textbooks in local schools and no Armenian programs on TV, and proposed a resolution to incorporate Nagorno Karabakh into Armenia.
Azerbaijan thinks this is an unreasonable request, and Gorbachev also issued a statement expressing disagreement. However, at this time, the Soviet Union was overwhelmed. Despite sending troops to try to mediate, the two countries just wouldn't listen. Violent clashes broke out between Armenian and Azerbaijani residents in Naka, Sumgait, Baku and other areas, causing heavy casualties.
The people of the two countries have suffered greatly. Most Armenians in Azerbaijan were forced to flee to Armenia, and most Azerbaijanis in Armenia were also forced to return to Azerbaijan.
After independence, the two countries established their own armies one after another, and the Armenian army was also established in Naka. Conflicts intensified and small-scale wars broke out from time to time, but Naka was firmly controlled by the Naka army.
International organizations have intervened many times, but all have no effect. All three sides refused to give in first. Azerbaijan believes that in order to discuss the final status of Nagorny Karabakh, Armenia must withdraw its troops from all occupied areas; Armenia insists on reaching an understanding on the status of Nagorny Karabakh before withdrawing troops; The Naka authorities demanded formal recognition before further negotiations.
With the support of Armenia, the army of Nagorno-Karabakh not only repelled Azerbaijan's repeated attacks, but also further occupied seven areas around Nagorno-Karabakh, which together accounted for 13.4% of the original Azerbaijani territory. Faced with the unfavorable war situation, Azerbaijan was forced to recognize the authorities of Nagorny Karabakh as negotiators, thus starting the direct negotiation process. 1In May 1994, Azerbaijan, Nagorny Karabakh and Armenia signed a ceasefire agreement in Bishkek under the mediation of Russia.
After that, the Nagorno-Karabakh region maintained a brief peace, and a fierce conflict broke out from 20 16, and now a tragic conflict broke out between the two countries. The fundamental reason is the issue of territorial ownership and the game between big countries.